文物保護技術 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wénwùbǎohùjìshù]
文物保護技術 英文
techniques of relics protection
  • 文 : Ⅰ名詞1 （字） character; script; writing 2 （文字） language 3 （文章） literary composition; wri...
  • 物 : 名詞1 （東西） thing; matter; object 2 （指自己以外的人或與己相對的環境） other people; the outsi...
  • 保 : Ⅰ動詞1 （保衛; 保護） defend; protect 2 （保持） keep; preserve; maintain in good condition 3 （...
  • 護 : 動詞1. （保護; 保衛） protect; guard; shield 2. （袒護;包庇） be partial to; shield from censure
  • 技 : 名詞（技能; 本領） skill; ability; trick; technique
  • 術 : 術名詞1. （技藝; 技術; 學術） art; skill; technique 2. （方法; 策略） method; tactics 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 文物 : cultural relic; historical relic
  1. In this paper, two major types, the natural vegetation and crop vegetation in luota are studied. we can gain the different distributive area by remote sensing technology, in accordance with conifer forest, broadleaf forest, thick shrub forest, shrub forest, herbs shrub forest, herbs naked rock and crop vegetation. the valuation of the output of standing trees, water conserbancy, soil conserbation to control erosion and purify the air is the main basis which is used to value the functions of the forest ecosystem of the conifer forest and broadleaf forest of luotathe result reveal that the total ecological function value of the forest which area is 1388. 8 hm2 is estimated up to 18. 36 million yuan per annum. the synthetic valuation system of luota vegetation is put forward by the valuation of per hm2 in evergreen - deciduous forest, conifer forest, conifer and broadleaf forest, broadleaf forest, scatteredtree - shrub forest, coppice - shrub forest, herbs shrub forest, econamic crop and cereal crops. the plant resources is valued according to the ornamental and green plant. lumber trees and medical plant. ornamental plant includes hosta plantaginea. lilium brownii van viridulum, spiraea cantomiensis and so on. lumber tuees includes zzzelkova schneideriana, emmenopterys henryi, catalpa fargesii and so on

    本文把洛塔現存植被分為自然植被與栽培植被兩大類進行研究，通過遙感技術對現存植被按針葉林、闊葉林、密灌、灌叢、草灌、荒草裸巖、農作物植被等類型進行分佈面積的統計，在此基礎上，以林產品價值、涵養水源價值、保護土壤價值和凈化空氣價值作為估算的主要參考依據，對已成林的針葉林與闊葉林進行森林生態系統的價值估算，得出面積為1388 . 8hm ~ 2的針葉闊葉林的森林生態價值為1836 . 37萬元，參照這一生態價值量，把洛塔植被按常綠落葉林、針葉林、針闊混交林、闊葉林、疏林?灌叢、矮灌叢、荒草灌叢、經濟作物和糧食作物，以每hm ~ 2的價值量提出了洛塔植被的綜合價值體系。
  2. Part interprets the legal texts of the patentabililty requirements for bio - tech inventions patent from a technological point of view. expectingly, the patent system has not cut a new path for the protection of bio - tech inventions, on the contrary, it is merely a logical consequence of the operation of the patent system with the development of the bio - technology

    第三部分可專利性分析（二） ，本部分著重對生物技術發明的可專利性法律文本進行技術解讀，分析表明，專利制度並未為生物技術發明的專利保護開辟新路，生物技術發明納入專利保護是隨著生物技術發展專利制度邏輯運行的結果。
  3. Applying the geographic information systems ( gis ) technology on the basis of data gathering in the fields, the present paper has made an analysis and evaluation over the situation of electromagnetic radiation, over the principal areas, including key residential blocks, protection zones of the historical relics, scenic spots and, particularly, the olympic venue district of the city

    在野外數據採集的基礎上，運用地理信息系統（ gis ）技術，對北京市重點地區（重點居民區、文物保護區、風景旅遊區、奧運場館區）環境的電磁輻射水平進行了分析與評價。
  4. Fabrication of the box beam is divided into such parts as reinforcement, formwork, concreting, prestressing, moving and storing of beam, pipe grouting under pressure, end sealing of the beam, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating etc. the paper makes description of effective box beam construction technology and workmanship which can be adopted in other projects, such technologies as : manufacturing and fixing of reinforcement, steel reinforcement fixing baseplate, web plate and top plate respectively and lifting the steel skeleton into form, requirements of design and manufacturing and way of utilization for dismantling - erection type formwork and hydraulic formwork, optimization of concrete ratio, concrete pouring process of two ends of beam in priority over the middle, in sequence of first baseplate followed by web plate and top plate at last, concrete pouring in inclined section and in horizontal layer, concrete vibration mainly by external vibrator in assistance with internal vibrator, methods and regulation for steam curing of concrete, dual controls over stress and strain to ensure quality of prestressing workmanship, construction method of effective beam moving by heavy - weight special moving facility, some regulations and key notes about construction of grouting under pressure, beam ends sealing, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating

    箱梁製造由鋼筋工程、模板工程、混凝土工程、預應力工程、移存梁工程、孔道壓漿工程、梁體封端工程、橋面防水層和保護層工程等施工環節組成。文中介紹的採用胎具製作和綁扎鋼筋，分底腹板和頂板分別綁扎並吊裝鋼筋骨架入模；拆裝式和液壓式兩種模板的設計、製作要求和使用方法；綜合考慮、優化混凝土配合比，混凝土灌注從兩端至中間、先底板、后腹板、再頂板的施工順序和斜向分段、腹板水平分層、附著式振搗為主、插入式搗固為輔的施工工藝，蒸汽養護的方法和規定；應力應變雙控制確保預應力施工質量的施工技術；採用重物移運器有效移梁的施工方法；壓漿、封端、橋面防水層和保護層施工的一些規定和注意事項等都是對箱梁製造行之有效的施工技術和施工方法，並可為以後類似施工作借鑒。
  5. This thesis is mainly studying the genetic structure and variation of p. sibirica with rapd and the correlation with the surrounding environmental factors. and the survey provide the accurate and scientific information for understanding the genetic background systematic evolutionary of the desert plants and planning the effective conservation strategy

    目前對叉毛蓬的研究很少，本文試圖運用rapd分子標記技術研究叉毛蓬居群的遺傳結構和遺傳分化，並且探討其與生境的相關性，為探明荒漠植物的遺傳背景、系統演化及制定保護策略提供科學依據。
  6. With the acceleration of extinction of species, biodiversity conservation is extensively concerned. the extinction of species is concerned with the degree of threat by biotic and abiotic factors. so, taking action to preserve plant species is very necessary and paramount before their extinction. one of the most effective biological techniques to conserve the biodiversity is the establishment of genebanks, i. e. ex situ conservation. the elucidation of various factors that regulate seed viability and vigor in storage is essential. an ideal condition to prolong the longevity is mainly depended on seed water content, temperature, humidity and types of containers used during storage. the optimum stage of seed maturity, harvesting techniques and processing, in addition to physiological features such as degree of dormancy, also play key roles in seed storage. certainly, desiccated seeds deteriorate with time even under extremely good genebanking conditions. according to seed storage behavior, it is necessary to consider three principal factors : storage environment, storage duration and plant species which will affect seed survival under good genebanking conditions. the present review is an attempt to discuss the importance of the aforementioned aspects of seeds in detail in order to conserve plant germplasms ( especially wild rare and endangered plants ) for ex situ conservation through seed - gene bank

    一個物種的滅絕是與其受生物因子和非生物因子的威脅程度相關的.隨著物種的加速絕滅，保護生物多樣性受到廣泛地關注.保護生物多樣性的最有效的生物技術之一是建立種子基因庫，進行遷地保護.種子庫理想的貯藏條件主要取決于種子含水量、貯藏環境（如溫度和濕度）和貯存種子的容器.進行種子貯藏，了解種子生命力和活力的影響因子的作用機理是十分重要和必要的.除了種子自身的生理特徵外，種子的貯藏壽命與種子成熟度、收獲技術、加工處理方法也是息息相關的.即使在最適的庫存條件下，種子也會隨時間發生劣變.因此，必須根據種子特定的貯藏行為，加以考慮影響種子存活的3個主要方面（貯藏環境、貯藏期和植物種類）而選擇有效的貯藏方案.本文試圖討論種子貯藏生理的幾個重要方面及其需解決的技術問題，以便更好地通過種子基因庫，長期有效地保存植物種質資源
  7. In addition, he translated the cream of cultural relics in shaoxing ( volumes 1 and 2, chinese - english translation ) for the cultural relics bureau of shaoxing city, installation manual for continual casting line of hangzhou steel mill for the no. 13 national metallurgy construction engineering company ( chinese - english translation ), technical documents for the bearing company of wanxiang group ( chinese - english translation ), technical documents for the hangzhou nardi machinery co., ltd. ( english - chinese translation ), technical documents for the taizhou fengrun biochemical co., ltd., profiles of auto parts firms for the jindian ( golden idea ) advertising company of yuhuan county, fsr of wastewater treatment project for the shanghai municipal engineering design general institute, fsr of cultural heritage conservation project for huahui design institute of shaoxing, ea report of cultural heritage conservation project for zhejiang environmental science research and design institute, website homepage and patent documentation of the zhejiang galaxy flood materials company, theses of ciob ( chartered institute of building ) training courses held in shanghai, abstracts of master degree theses for graduates of zhejiang university, solicited articles on rediscovering zhejiang ( english - chinese translation ), wuyi painting album used at the world poverty reduction conference jointly held by the world bank and the central government of china in shanghai, painting album of the new century tourism group, menus for hangzhou dahua hotel, etc

    此外，還為紹興市文物局翻譯了紹興文物精華上下冊（漢譯英，正式出版物） ，為中國十三冶翻譯了杭州鋼鐵廠連鑄生產線安裝說明書（英譯漢） 、為杭州萬向集團軸承公司翻譯了技術文件（英譯漢） ，為杭州納狄機械有限公司翻譯技術文件（英譯漢） ，為臺州豐潤生物化學有限公司翻譯技術文件，為玉環金點廣告公司翻譯了多家汽車配件公司（廠）簡介，為上海市政工程設計研究總院翻譯了某污水處理廠項目工程可行性報告（漢譯英） 、為紹興華匯設計院翻譯了工可報告、為浙江省環保科學設計研究院翻譯了文化遺產保護項目的環境評價報告，為浙江銀河防汛物資公司翻譯了網站主頁和專利產品文獻，為上海的ciob （英國皇家特許建造學會）研討班翻譯多篇結業論文（漢譯英） ，為浙大研究生翻譯多篇論文摘要（英譯漢） ，為浙江外事辦公室翻譯中國加入世貿組織與政府職能轉變（英譯漢） ，為浙江省對外友好協會和錢江晚報的外國友人看浙江的徵文多篇（英譯漢） ，為武義縣翻譯了減貧經驗交流材料武義畫冊（用於在上海召開的世界扶貧大會） （漢譯英） ，為開元旅業集團翻譯了介紹畫冊（漢譯英） ，為杭州大華飯店翻譯了菜單（漢譯英） ，等等。
  8. At present, no active excavations of large - size emperors ' tombs shall be carried out as there are lack of the required conditions for the protection of cultural relics in science, technology and other means

    目前，由於文物保護方面的科學技術、手段等條件尚不具備，對大型帝王陵寢暫不進行主動發掘。
  9. Because of last a century industry revolution is with the technology creative since behave type history precept for educating the glorious material civilization of with spiritual civilization, again making the nature ecosystem the environment suffering the bigness wound ; face with the large quantity that economic development mode consume the nature resources, break the ecosystem environment to price to give the our country small town developments of a nice bit of inside the negative influence that bring before, if over - emphasize in the moment economic " performance ", the regardless of farsighted ecosystem is equilibrium, and escape from to be the ground seriously economy, culture foundation with same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; with the same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; people who reply 21 century pursue the whole body heart the health the life style that develop relation towards publicly exist with movable environment request more and more of high and rigorous challenge, this lesson " inside small town environment design way of thinking research ", then " insist put can into practice keep on develop strategy, exactitude handle economy with population, resources, environment, improvement ecosystem environment with beautify to live the environment, improvement public facilities is with the social welfare facilities. found to produce the development hard, life wealthy with the leading that the good civilization of ecosystem develop the road " for total thought, then " unify programming, reasonable layout, is proper because of the ground system, each have special features, protect farmland, beautify environment, synthesize development, kit developments " for the basic way, regarding related research result of domestic and international expert ' s scholar as draw lessons from, then " create to set up clean, beautiful, quite and public environment, outstanding character image, expand the region ecosystem the vogue, and promote the economic society and environment can keep on developing, and realize the economy develop to win with environmental protection double " for design the target

    鑒于上一世紀產業革命和科技創新既為人類造就出輝煌物質文明和精神文明，又使自然生態環境遭受到巨大創傷的歷史教訓；面臨以往以大量消耗自然資源、破壞生態環境為代價的經濟發展模式給我國相當多的中小城鎮建設帶來的負面影響，如偏重眼前經濟「效益」 ，不顧長遠生態平衡，嚴重脫離當地經濟、文化基礎和自然地理條件，盲目模仿同一模式，因而導致本土特色與傳統文化喪失，形象單一，千城一面等；應對21世紀人們追求全身心健康發展的生活方式對公共生存與活動環境要求越來越高的嚴峻挑戰，本課題「中小城鎮環境設計思路研究」 ，以「堅持實施可持續發展戰略，正確處理經濟同人口、資源、環境的關系，改善生態環境和美化生活環境，改善公共設施和社會福利設施。努力開創生產發展、生活富裕和生態良好的文明發展道路」為總的指導思想，以「統一規劃、合理布局、因地制宜、各具特色、保護耕地、優化環境、綜合開發、配套建設」為根本方針，以國內外專家學者相關研究成果為借鑒，以「創建清潔、優美、寧靜的公共環境，突出個性形象，弘揚地域生態風尚，促進經濟社會與環境可持續發展，實現經濟發展與環境保護雙贏」為設計目標。並緊緊圍繞這一目標對中小城鎮的街區環境設計、建築特色設計、建築形象設計、自然環境設計、藝術形象設計、廣場景觀設計、住宅小區設計、生態環境設計、文化建設以及總體環境設計的定位等，展開了具體的思路研究與探討。
  10. Days lion groups to sophisticated biotechnology to rely on traditional medicine and folks to explore the cultural quintessence of the motherland, including the development of health in the global food, personal care, household items, beauty cosmetics, health care equipment, nearly 200 products in five series

    天獅集團以尖端的生物技術為依託，致力於發掘祖國傳統醫學和養生文化精髓，在全球開發了包括保健食品、個人護理、家居用品、美容化妝、保健器械在內的五大序列近200種產品。
  11. The paper also conducted cost and benefit analysis that indicates the protection cost is very much higher in ipr protection in agriculture in china as compared with other countries such as the us and other western countries, this is a very important restricting factor for the patent and pvp application in china. besides, the paper also discussed the possibilities of the unified system like pct and upov for ipr applications to minimize the cost of application and maintainence. with support of survey data and developed models, the papers conclude with the priority area for ipr protection in agriculture in order is as follows : pvp, patent, trade secret, and trade marks

    同時，在大量檢索和設計調查問卷的基礎上，對我國農業知識產權保護的成本和效益進行理論分析，在對比其他國家專利和新品種保護成本的基礎上，分析出我國申請農業知識產權保護的成本和被侵權后的司法訴訟成本過高，影響了我國農業知識產權的申請和保護；此外，文章還就建立類似專利合作條約（ pct ）性質的國際植物新品種保護公約，以期在多國專利同時申請方面實現帕累托最優原則進行了理論探討，在此基礎上，文章進一步對比分析實施農業知識產權保護規則對我國農業技術貿易特別是國外直接投資可能帶來的影響進行，結果表明，強化農業知識產權保護，發展中國家會增加農業技術和產品的進口，發展中的大國更是如此；文章在調查問卷的基礎上提出了我國農業知識產權方面存在的問題和今後農業知識產權保護的目標體系和優先領域，農業知識產權保護的優先順序依次為：新品種、專利、商業秘密、商標和原產地。
  12. The author holds that the internal and external achievements concerned in researches are focused on the following respects : biotechnology and its aroused bio - economy, the risks and opportunities given rise to because of globalization and biotechnology, biotechnology investment policies and its intellectual property rights " protection, the safety factors of gmos and their management and the international trade of gmos and its rules

    筆者認為，與本文有關的國內外研究成果主要集中在以下幾個方面：對生物技術及其引發的生物經濟的研究上；對全球化與生物技術帶來的風險和機遇的研究上；對生物技術投資政策及其知識產權保護的研究上；對轉基因農產品安全性及其管理的研究上；對轉基因農產品國際貿易及其游戲規則的研究上。
  13. Meanwhile, according to the assessment cell of small watershed, the paper evaluates each index and compositive index. the paper can provide scientific bases for both protection and use of wetland by disclosing the spatial distributing rules and analyzing the impact on environment brought because of exploiting. the study shows that 1 ) in the structure of wetland ecosystem health of panjin city in 2000, better area accounts for 22 %, generic area 52 %, worse area 26 % ; 2 ) in shuangtaizi national wetland nature reserve, the health of many regions is better, the one of partial regions is threaten, the area of wetland is decreasing ; 3 ) in the period from 1986 to 2000, paddy field, shrimp and crab pool were increased, swamp and biodiversity were decreased gradually, and the environment of wetland was polluted gradually

    本文以生態系統學、景觀生態學、生態系統健康、區域可持續發展等理論為基礎，根據聯合國經濟合作開發署提出的壓力-狀態-響應（ psr ）框架模型，以遙感數據及統計監測數據為基礎，採用rs 、 gis 、 gps技術，結合數理統計和數學模型方法，提取土地利用/土地覆蓋信息、濕地類型信息、小流域信息、濕地景觀指數、濕地初級生產力、濕地人口壓力指數、濕地蓄水量、濕地污染物負荷、濕地變化等數據，建立盤錦市濕地生態系統健康數據庫，以小流域為評價單元，對每個小流域濕地進行單因子和綜合評價，揭示盤錦市濕地生態系統健康狀況的空間分佈規律，同時對濕地資源開發造成的環境影響進行剖析，為濕地資源的保護與利用提供科學依據。
  14. The application of digital surveying in three gorges ' cultural relics protection

    代測繪技術在三峽地面文物保護工程中的應用
  15. The research about the hypothermia brain protection began in 1940s. it has been confirmed that mild hypothermia has accurate nerve protective effect and breakthroughs have been achieved in the stage of animal test about the protection function of deep hypothermia. the article reviews the recent progresses about hypothermia in basic and clinic research

    低溫腦保護技術的研究始於20世紀40年代，現已證實28 - 35亞低溫具有確切的神經保護作用;深低溫的腦保護作用也在動物實驗階段取得突破性進展.參閱最新的國內外相關文獻作一綜述
  16. Our experiments emphasized the correlation between micro structures and some properties of the coatings and tried to obtain the protective coatings with the comprehensively good properties, in which auger electron spectroscopy ( aes ), scanning electron microscope ( sem ), and x - ray diffraction ( xrd ) were employed to investigate the composition, microstructure and crystal phase of the coatings respectively, and the properties test was primarily considered with the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings

    本論文主要採用pvd技術中的磁控濺射鍍膜（ ms或rms ）及部分用等離子噴塗（ ps ）和熱氧化（ to ）表面處理技術研究了鈾的具有代表性的三種防腐保護鍍層，即單質al 、氧化物al _ 2o _ 3和合金al - zn鍍層。實驗力圖在制備技術、工藝參數及鍍層的微結構和性能之間找到一些內在的聯系，探索綜合性能較好的防腐蝕鍍層。
  17. Main responsibilities ： make research on the erosion mechanism of various microbes ( such as epiphyte, bacteria, moss and lichen etc, ) on the cultural relics and the corresponding preventive methods, the selection and testing of the anti - mildew agent and preservative, the application of biology technology in the cultural relic conservation, and the cultural relic ' s conservation environment

    主要職責：研究真菌、細菌、苔蘚、地衣等文物上各類生物的侵蝕機理、病害防治，以及防霉防腐劑篩選、檢測，生物技術在文物保護中的應用和文物保存環境研究。
  18. To the solution of how to further shenzhen " s development of hi - tech industry, i point out in my thesis as follows, to accelerate the strategy of relying on science and education to develop the city ; to develop electronic information technology, biological technology and new material technology, with hi - tech industry band as carrier and highlighting invention of system, technology and management ; to build some key hi - tech enterprises and well - known products ; to promote industrial upgrading ; to informationize with strength ; to attract elites ; to protect copy right ; to keep an eye on the risk of investment ; to better the investment environment ; to make shenzhen the base of production and exportation of hi - tech product, the base of hi - tech research and development, the base of transformation and transaction of its outcome, as well as the base of fostering hi - tech elites ; to try to make shenzhen a hi - tech city with clear scale advantage, outstanding industrial features, creation and investment in full bloom, lots of hi - tech elites and pleasant environment

    對深圳如何進一步發展高新技術產業的對策問題，我在論文中提出：加武漢理工大學碩士學位論文快實施科教興市戰略，以高新技術產業帶為主要載體，突出體制創新、技術創新和管理創新，重點發展電子信息、生物技術和新材料技術，培育一批高新技術骨幹企業和名牌產品，用高新技術改造和提升傳統產業，推動產業升級，加強信息化建設，吸引創業人才，保護知識產權，防範投資風險，優化創業環境，使深圳成為重要的高新技術產品生產和出口基地，高新技術研發和成果轉化、交易基地，以及高新技術人才培養基地，努力把深圳建設成為規模優勢明顯、產業特色突出、創新體系完善、創業投資活躍、科技人才薈萃、綜合環境優良的高科技城市。
  19. By using theory of systems engineering, methods of knowledge engineering, summing up the existing research results of peanut cultivation, documentation, expert experience and expert problem - solving ideas roundly ; colligating crop cultivation, plant protection, soil fertility, agro - ecological and other fields of knowledge ; combining the visual basic6. 0 programming technology, acesss2000 database technology with expert systems technology organically, a peanut cultivation and management computer expert systems is developed based on peanut growth model

    本研究採用系統工程的思想，知識工程的方法和手段，在總結現有花生栽培及生理研究成果、文獻資料、專家經驗的基礎上，綜合植物保護、土壤肥料、農業生態等多個領域的知識，將visualbasic6 . 0編程技術、 acesss2000數據庫技術與專家系統開發技術有機結合，研發出一套花生栽培管理計算機專家系統。 1 、總體結構和功能該系統由數據庫、模型庫、知識庫、推理機和人機界面等部分組成。
  20. The bachelor of arts in architectural studies programme aims to prepare students for the master of architecture professional course and for the parallel masters courses in urban design, landscape architecture and architectural conservation. it seeks to equip students with basic technical skills and a basic knowledge of architecture

    建築學士學位旨在培養學生具備基本建築技術與知識，為日後繼續攻讀建築學碩士學位及其他碩士課程，如城市規劃園境規劃及建築文物保護等打下堅實的基礎。
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