施工間接費用 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shīgōngjiānjiēbìyòng]
施工間接費用 英文
construction overhead
  • 施 : Ⅰ動詞1 （實行; 施展） execute; carry out 2 （給予） exert; impose 3 （施捨） give; hand out; best...
  • 工 : Ⅰ名詞1 （工人和工人階級） worker; workman; the working class 2 （工作; 生產勞動） work; labour 3 ...
  • 間 : 間Ⅰ名詞1 （中間） between; among 2 （一定的空間或時間里） with a definite time or space 3 （一間...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 費 : Ⅰ名詞1 （費用） fee; expense; expenditure; dues; charge 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（花費; 耗費） ...
  • 用 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使用） use; employ; apply 2 （多用於否定: 需要） need 3 （敬辭: 吃; 喝） eat; drink Ⅱ名...
  • 施工 : be in the process of construction; be under construction; build; construction
  • 間接 : indirect; secondhand
  • 費用 : cost; expenses; outlay
  1. Escalators available in the lobby, 2 large function rooms, 8 break out rooms, 1 executive boardroom, large pre function area, latest audio visual equipment, simultaneous translation facilities, non - smoking rooms, hair and beauty salon, bistro atrium : 24 hour all day dinining international restaurant, four season : chinese cantonese and sichuan restaurant, robata - tei : japanese barbeque restaurant, rumours bar : cocktail bar with entertainment, le cafe : lobby lounge delicatessen and bar, 24 hour in - room dinining, undercover parking, gift and souvenir shop

    酒店擁有394間客房，包括30間套房，設施完善，功能備，每間客房均設有快速網際網路介面， 3部電話帶語音信箱，多用途電源插座，可移動的寬大寫字臺及舒適的辦公座椅，可連接個人電腦的數據介面。行政樓層提供特別的入住登記服務和小型會議室。商務中心設有獨立的工作間，配備電腦， 24小時免費網際網路介面及電子郵件服務，並提供文秘服務。
  2. The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended

    針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。
  3. There are many other problems. the procedures of examination are so complex that it takes a long time foe the ship to wait in the port and when checking a ship or carrying out punishments, the officers have a heavy working intensity compared with a low efficiency and quality. in this case, with the use of windows98, many tools such as delphi, cooledit, sql, photoshop5. 0 are used to develop a multi - purpose computer aided system. it can check the safty of marines, punish wrong marine executions, inquire data statistics, use civilized words and look through the marine laws

    本課題針對海事行政執法中船民反映的船舶報港接受檢查時攜帶的船舶證書多、檢查手續繁雜、耗費的時間多、船舶滯港時間長以及海事行政執法人員在對船舶實施檢查、行政處罰時勞動強度大、存在辦事效率低、辦案質量不高等實際問題，在windows98系統支持下，運用delphi 、 cooledit 、 sql 、 photoshop5 . 0等工具開發出了具有船舶安全檢查登記、海事行政處罰、數據統計查詢、文明用語、法規瀏覽等多項功能的海事行政執法計算機輔助系統，用計算機替代傳統的手工勞動。
  4. It emphasize in the macro view that we should enhance the lawmaking, develop association about engineering cost management, and broaden the service field of the organization on engineering cost consultation etc. from the micro view, considering that the architecture ' s price may be totally formed by the market and it may connect with international tradition, we discussed how to ferry stream from quota price to bill - quantity price, how to ferry stream from government making - price to enterprise free making - price. also we discussed how to compile bill - of - quantity, how to determine price of bidding strategies of bidding and how to quote price under the bill - of - quantity model. study of a certain reasonable low price, problems and countermeasures of the lowest bid approach in making bid and inviting bid has been discussed too

    強調：宏觀上，工程造價管理要加強立法、加強工程造價管理協會的建設、拓寬工程造價咨詢機構的服務面等；微觀上，針對建築產品價格完全由市場形成及與國際慣例接軌的要求，討論在剛剛開始推行工程量清單計價模式下，如何使定額計價向工程量清單計價過渡，建築產品如何由政府定價向企業自主定價過渡，以及工程量清單編制、標底價格的確定、施工企業的投標報價；研究在工程招投標過程中， 「合理低價」的確定方法，無標底招標可能出現的問題及對策；最後提出費用組成及計價方式的改革，使得工程造價更符合工程的實際情況，更有利於企業間的競爭。
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