普通法系 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [pǔtōngfǎxì]
普通法系 英文
system of common law
  • 普 : Ⅰ形容詞（普遍; 全面） general; universal Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 通 : 通量詞（用於動作）
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 系 : 系動詞（打結; 扣） tie; fasten; do up; button up
  • 普通 : common; general; ordinary; plain; honest; private; trile; average
  1. Under special relationships of lapping of legal provisions, the rule that special law is superior to common law shall be strictly followed. only under special circumstances shall the harsher or less harsh provision apply ; as to subsidy relationships, primary law shall be applied rather than additional law ; as to absorption relationships, the law as a whole is superior to a part of the law. the author does n ' t support the principle that the harsher law is superior to the less harsh law

    針對特別關系的法條競合的適用應該嚴格依照特別法優于普通法的原則，例外的情況是當一個行為觸犯同一法律時，在特殊情況下可以選擇較重或較輕的法條定罪量刑，以防止量刑的畸輕或畸重;針對補助法條關系的法條競合，其適用應遵循基本法優于補充法的原則;吸收關系的法條競合的處理，其適用原則是整體法優于部分法。
  2. Consideration is an important term in english and american contract law, and it is a body of rules enriched by the development of common law. there are many rules about consideration, among which the following may be most frequently mentioned : past consideration is no consideration ; consideration is provided by the promisee, though not necessarily to the promisor ; the adequacy and sufficiency of consideration

    對價是英美合同法中的一個重要術語，有關對價的制度是隨著普通法的歷史發展而不斷豐富起來的規則體系，有關對價的規則主要有：既往對價不是對價；對價一般由受約人提供，但不一定提供給立約人；對價的充足與充分。
  3. Because of the common law tradition, american law comes from four basic sources : the federal and state constitutions, statutes made by the united states congress and the legislatures of the various states, case law or judge - made law ( uncodified law based on judicial decisions ), and rules and decisions formulated by administrative agencies collectively known as administrative law

    由於普通法系統的傳統，美國法律有4個基本來源：聯邦和州憲法，美國國會和各州議會通過的成文法，判例法或者說法官制定的法律（基於法院判決的不成文法） ，以及統稱為行政法的由各行政機關制定的規則和決議。
  4. “ it has been proposed that all life is connected, but if we accept the premise that all matter and energy in the universe have a real, even if subtle, effect on all other matter and energy in the universe, then it is equally true to say everything is connected - every rock, every atom, every photon, every memory

    「有種說法認為所有生命是普遍聯系的，但如果我們接受以下這個前提：宇宙中的所有物質和能量都對其他的物質和能量存在著確定的的、或至少是細微的影響，那麼這個說法就無比正確：所有事物普通聯系? ?每塊石頭，每個原子，每粒光子，每個記憶。 」
  5. Rule of law has continued to prevail in hong kong under the common law system dating from colonial days and as prescribed by the basic law. from district courts up to the court of final appeal - - hong kong s ultimate adjudication body - - justice is meted out fairly, and is seen to be fair

    香港實行源於殖民時期和被基本法確定的普通法體系，繼續是法治當家。從地區法院到終審法院，即香港最高司法機構，都做到司法公正，並且具有公平形像。
  6. The applicability of chinese constitution is determined by five factors ; but the influence of former soviet union ' s constitutional theary together with the low law consciousness of chinese society and the constitution ' s low applicability had resulted in the nonapplication of chinese constitution before 1980s ; the application of it in both the special initi - tute authorized by the constitution and the courts since 1980s has shown that the constitution not only should be applied but it is actually applicable, but the application has been in a low level concerning the geographical areao and the cases in which the law is applied

    從憲法在現實中適用的情況看：第一，憲法可以也應該適用，因為： （ 1 ）憲法是法，具有法的基本屬性； （ 2 ）憲法是根本法，當它的下位法「缺位」或下位法與它相違背時憲法應適用； （ 3 ）憲法有自己的獨特的調整對象，普通法無法替代，普通法的適用代替不了憲法的適用； （ 4 ）在社會轉型時期，社會關系不斷發生變化，而普通法的較具體性以及法的穩定性使普通法難以適應社會的需要，而憲法的原則性、概括性則能適應社會不斷發展變化的需要。
  7. Chapter two, sometimes is the common topic to civil law scholars, but the studying products fall short of depth and width, so this chapter is governed by the historic overview and comparative method, under the base of examining the development and vicissitude of roman trust notion, probing into why the civil law did n ' t develop and shape the institution of trusts like anglo - saxon jurisdictions, meantime collecting and analyzing the various experiences and lessons from a number of civil law countries, not only including mixed - system jurisdictions ( scotland, quebec ) influenced by common law tradition far - reachingly, but also including the various effects of the trust law codified by pure civil law countries ( liechtenstein, japan, latin american countries ), and the developments of domestic trust in holland and italy under the rectification of the trust hague convention, ad hoc, including the experiences and lessons of non - recognition trust countries ( germany, france, switzerland ) that they had been penetrating into the notions in civil codes, all is intended to " portrayed " the competitive panorama between civil

    第二章「信託觀念與民法傳統的沖突和融合」 ：這一主題一直是民法學者探討的核心問題，本部分採取了歷史考察的方法和比較分析的方法，在考察羅馬法中的信託觀念的發展和變遷的基礎上，探討了為什麼民法傳統沒有發展出如普通法系一樣的信託的若干原因，同時一廣泛地涉獵了民法法系各國繼受和發展信託觀念的不同的經驗和教訓，不僅包括深受普通法系影響的混合法系（蘇格蘭和魁北克）在民法傳統的物權法匡架中發展信託的獨特經驗，而且考察了純粹民法傳統的國家（列支敦斯登、日本和拉丁美洲國家以法典繼受信託的不同的效果，以及在1984年《關于信託的法律適用和承認的公約卜v發展國內信託例證?一荷蘭和義大利，更包括了對于沒有接受普通法系信託而在民法典中挖掘信託觀念的德國、法國和瑞十的經驗和問題，並意圖勾畫民法傳統中的信託與普通法系的信託相競爭的全景，介刑」析眾多經驗和教訓i的基礎上為我國《信託法》的發展提供借鑒。
  8. The introduction is intended to question and challenge the traditional functionalism comparative analysis method under the analysis and comparative to the method, emphasizing the pure functionalism comparative method is dangerous and inappropriate to the flexibility of trusts, even possible to misrepresent the true notion of trust, moreover resulting in the ill ending, therefore the structuralism analysis method is more suitable to analyze the nature of trusts, as a result, introducing and analyzing the comparative conceptional essentials to the structure of trust, so to indicate to reconsider the anglo - saxon trusts in a few aspects

    導論部分：在分析和比較的基礎上對民法法系學者研究信託制度的比較方法提出置疑，指出純粹的功能的比較方法對于研究信託制度本身是不適宜的，甚至可能歪曲信託的本來面目，進而導致不良的效果，信託的靈活性更需要結構性的分析和研究，並在此基礎上充分介紹和比較和分析了普通法系學者和大陸法系學者對于比較法上信託的結構要素的定義，進而提出需要重新思考普通法系的信託觀念和信託制度的一些想法。
  9. This dissertation is intended to research the various development paths of the institution of trusts in anglo - saxon legal system and civil law system, to examine and evaluate the historic merits of the law of trusts that is developing and changing profoundly during the present time. this dissertation examines how the trust is expanding and adopted in these civil law countries, whereas, traditionally, the common - law trust has been an unknown concept in civil law system

    本論文試圖運用比較和經濟學分析的方法研究信託制度在普通法系和民法法系中不同的發展路徑和結構變遷，對正在劇烈發展和變化中的信託法進行一個歷史性的考察和評價，並為中國《信託法》的實施和信託制度的正確發展提供一個理論和實踐上的支持。
  10. After reviewing the traditional theories of vicarious liability and doctrine of identification in common law countries, it describes and reviews in details the latest development in this field such as the aggregation doctrine model, the reactive corporate fault model, corporate mens rea doctrine model, the management failure model and the model of self - identity

    第一節介紹與評析了普通法系國家的法人刑事責任理論。在系統梳理了傳統的替代責任與同一原則理論，以及晚近出現的集合原則、法人反應原則、法人犯意原則以及法人自身特性原則等法人刑事責任的新理論之後，本文對新舊理論作了一一評述。
  11. It completed the convertion from continental law to common law systematically

    在法律系統上也完成了由大陸法系向普通法系的轉換。
  12. Part ii retrospects the history evolvement and construes the value of the system which include justice and efficiency. part hi reviews the system of alteration of action in our civil procedure law

    本部分回顧了羅馬法系和普通法系中訴之變更m到寬的發展史，並指出這些變遷無不體橢該制度不同價值取向之問的沖突和平衡。
  13. This paper try to expound different protecting strategies for color trademarks from common law and civil law, which can effectually help perfect our registeration system of the color trademark

    我們可以從普通法系和大陸法系的不同作法來比較兩大法系對顏色商標的保護策略，從而進一步推進完善我國的商標顏色注冊制度。
  14. As private international law and civil procedure of the common - law system originated from england, its related systems are very perfect

    英國是普通法系國際私法和民事訴訟制度的源頭，其相關制度非常發達。
  15. The main scholars of private international law in the common - law system consider that the jurisdictional problem is the chief problem of private international law

    普通法系國家的大部分國際私法學者認為，管轄權問題是國際私法的首要問題。
  16. The trust is a special legal system originating in england and widely used in the common law system, which then introduced to the civil law system gradually

    信託制度是起源於英國的一種獨特的法律制度，在普通法系運用十分廣泛，並逐漸被引入到大陸法系國家。
  17. Common law has no statutory basis ; judges establish common law through written opinions that are binding on future decisions of lower courts in the same jurisdiction

    習慣法沒有成文法基礎；法官通過書面意見建立普通法系，該書面意見對以後低等法院在同一權限中的裁量具有約束力。
  18. Graeme s. cooper ， conflicts, challenges and choices ? the rule of law and anti - avoidance rules, tax avoidance and the rule of law, ed. by graeme s. cooper ， p40

    關于大陸法系和英美法系法對社會的適應力的論述參見董茂雲： 「大陸法系法典法與普通法系判例法的社會適應力比較」 ，載《法學家》 ， 1998年第4期。
  19. 5. the forensic accounting expert witness. this thesis points out that china ought to set up the system of expert witness to deal with the change of our justice

    本文分析了普通法系下的專家證人制度和我國當前的鑒定人制度，指出我國司法審判體制的改革要求建立法務會計專家證人制度，並提出了構建法務會計專家證人制度的初步構想。
  20. Prevalence of privacy brings about lots of consequences : it smothers an author ' s originality and creativity ; it jeopardizes the existence of enterprises ; it damages the normal market order ; it contaminates the investment environment ; it decreases the national revenues and employment opportunities ; it degenerates the social morality ; and finally it lowers the living standards

    它是歷史、出版特權、普通法系的產物。盜版的盛行，扼殺了作者原創精神和創造力；影響了企業的生存；擾亂了正常的市場秩序；破壞了投資環境；使國家稅收和就業機會大量減少。
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