替代約束 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tìdàiyāoshù]
替代約束 英文
surrogate constraint
  • 替 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） replace; substitute for; supply [take] the place of 2 [書面語] （衰敗） decline Ⅱ...
  • 代 : Ⅰ動詞1 （代替） take the place of; be in place of 2 （代理） act on behalf of; acting Ⅱ名詞1 （歷...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 替代 : substitute for; supersede; replace; substitution; replacement
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  1. Expect grumbling and months of horse trading as recommendations are turned into legally binding directives

    預料中的抱怨和幾個月來的討價還價被具有法律約束性的指令所代替。
  2. With powerful restriction of holistic prescript, every distinguishing system eliminates and replaces each other, scrambling for the room of construction and redistributing the power of construction

    在整體規定的有力約束之下，各個區別系統此消彼長、互相替代，對結構空間展開爭奪，對結構「權力」重新分配。
  3. Commercial arbitration ( ca ), as a substitute of litigation, is a way of solving the commercial disputation and controversies. it is a system to solve the controversies between the parties concerned and ensure the relation of right and obligation of the parties concerned when both parties have commercial controversies. if so, according to the agreements established by both parties, they volunteer to give the commercial controversies to the third party for a promissory adjudication

    商事仲裁是解決商事糾紛爭議的一種方式，是與訴訟比肩而立的替代性糾紛解決方式，是發生商事爭議的當事人雙方根據協議，自願將商事爭議提交第三方作出有約束力的裁決，以解決當事人之間的爭議，確定當事人的權利義務關系的制度。
  4. Aiming at this problem, the main research issues and achievements in this paper are as follows : bi - directional data transformation between rdb and xml with semantic constraints preserved for most of existing researches on static data transformation between xml and rdb, dtd is taken as the schema description language for xml, and the semantic constraints are often lost during the transformation process. to overcome these disadvantages, the author adopts xml - schema, a standard schema description language proposed by w3c to replace dtd, as the description method owing to its more powerful functions than dtd, and of course with the syntax much more complicated. after analyzing the constraints characteristics in both xml - schema and relational schema, a semantic constraints - preserved algorithm is proposed which can realize the bi - directional schema mapping between rdb and xml through a formalized description of xml based on regular tree and a general expression for relational schema based on direct graph approach

    保留語義約束的xml與rdb雙向靜態數據轉換技術現有研究大多採用dtd （ documenttypedefinition ，文檔類型定義）作為xml的模式描述語言，並且在模式映射過程中丟失語義約束信息，本文分析了xml - schema （ xml - schema採用與dtd完全不同的語法，數據描述能力更強同時也更為復雜，已被w3c確定為替代dtd作為xml模式描述語言的標準）及關系模式的語義約束特徵，通過基於正則樹的xml形式化描述方法以及基於有向圖的一般關系模式表示方法的研究，建立保留語義約束的xml - schema與關系模式的雙向模式映射演算法，實現了xml與rdb的雙向數據轉換，較好地解決了xml與rdb在靜態數據轉換層面的數據集成問題，可有效滿足企業大量rdb數據面向xml的發布以及與日俱增的xml數據存入rdb的應用需求。
  5. Muc is furtherly defined as intergenerational opportunity cost under sustainability context and the concept of relative value is built up to analyze its dynamic character. in the neoclassic growrh with the invariable substitution of resource for capital, the formulation of this relative value is deduced. for mpc, hotelling model is used to illuminate the relation between the change of mpc and the impossibilities of sustainable use of energy resources ; for mec, an optimal growth model with exhaustible energy resources and environment pollution is employed to calculate the optimal environment

    在可持續發展的條件下，將能源資源的邊際使用者成本進一步定義為代際機會成本，並建立相對價值的概念用於分析代際機會成本的動態變化，基於一個資本與資源存在確定替代關系的新古典經濟體系推導這種相對價值的表達式;在傳統的霍特林準則的基礎上，分析了邊際生產成本變化對資源可持續利用的影響;運用一個帶有資源與環境約束的最優增長模型，推導了邊際環境成本內部化的最優環境稅，並分析了這種稅收政策在實踐中的應用。
  6. As we are carrying through the state - owned commercial banks ' marketization reform, these researches inspire us that we should exert the subordinated debt ' s market discipline to substitute for the government supervision in a long time and complement function in a short time

    我國在推進國有商業銀行市場化改革應該發揮次級債券市場約束力對政府監管的長期內的替代作用和短期內的互補作用。
  7. In this kind of background, economic agents are limited rational and opportunist in economic exchange and production, which induce transaction costs and supervising cost ; in order to abate costs, enhance bestirring and constrains, property right must be clear ; means to get economic goal contain exchange and production, if transaction costs is too expensive, market exchange will be internalization by hierarchical corporation, but more and more hierarchical administrative cost become while huger and huger corporation size become, which obstruct the enlargement of border of corporation. nie don ’ t think that corporation will supersede market wholly, but they are parallel and supersede dynamically each other. so nie advocate economic action is impacted by macroscopic dualistic institutional framework

    他們以這樣一種認知為基礎，認為在這樣的經濟背景中，有限理性的經濟行動者，是一種機會主義者，一有機會就可能在經濟交換和生產活動中採取種種搭便車行為，使經濟行動存在交易成本和行政監督成本（在德姆塞茨等人那裡，交易成本包括市場交易與行政監督成本） ;為了減少這些成本、增加對經濟行動者的激勵與約束，就必須明晰產權;如果交易成本過高，市場交換就會內部化，出現企業對市場的替代，而組織監督成本又制約了企業擴展的邊界，使市場與企業之間動態替代和平行並列，因此經濟行動在宏觀上主要受這種二分制度框架的影響。
  8. For a territorial cession, the military government of the principal occupying power does not end with the coming into force of the peace treaty, but continues until legally supplanted

    對一個領土割讓來說，主要?領權之軍事政府並非因為和平條約生效而結束，而是此軍事政府會一直持續到有法律效力之替代方案實施為止。
  9. The problem of doa ' s estimation of multiple source signals incident on a arbitrary array in the presence of both unknown spatially correlated noise and sensor errors is firstly considered. a modified ml estimation of doa ' s and sensor gain errors is presented. unlike previous work, the proposed method does not impose any structure constraints or parameterization of the signal and noise covariances. the algorithm can be carried out via the alternating projection approach. finally, the performance of the proposed method is shown with computer simulations as well as real array data

    在空間相關色噪聲環境及存在陣列模型誤差情況下，首先給出了基於最大似然的doa及陣列幅相誤差聯合估計演算法，該演算法對信號和噪聲無任何約束，且適用於任意陣列結構。演算法可以利用交替投影迭代搜索實現，計算機模擬實驗和外場實測數據表明，本章演算法能給出比傳統的最大似然方法更高的估計性能。
  10. The two countries " governments made an allied declaration in september 1972, announcing the end of the two countries " warfare time and the diplomatic normalization of their relations

    中日兩國政府於1972年9月發表聯合聲明，宣布結束兩國戰爭狀態，實現邦交正常化；但從立法程序說，聲明代替不了和約。
  11. On the basis of the authors ’ results published in this journal [ 67 ], this paper further proposed two strategies which improved both quality and speed of fractal encoding : one, a priori adding additive white gaussian noise into the image being encoded to reduce the domain blocks that are unlikely to meet the constraint on contrast scaling factors ; the other, range blocks with small standard deviations are directly approximated by the constant block ( i. e., all the

    在筆者原有結果[計算機模擬， no . 8 ， 2004 ]的基礎上，本文提出進一步提高解碼圖像質量和編碼速度的方案:一是預先在待編碼圖像中添加高斯白噪聲以進一步減少不滿足對比度因子約束的domain塊的數目;二是對小方差range塊直接用其均值塊代替以進一步加快編碼速度。
  12. The great innovation of this thesis is the method of long - term incentive mechanics ; replace the " option system " by " stock interest incentives ", in order to solve the paradox of chinese capital market and regulation. the conclusion and practical forms of this thesis provided useful references for the researcher and manager of instructing the compensation incentive system

    在對于企業經理人的長期激勵問題的研究上，有較大的創新，提出了以「股息期股」代替「股票期權」的激勵方案，從而有效解決了我國目前的資本市場和法律法規對于「長期激勵形式」的約束，可以為現階段企業管理者進行薪酬激勵機制設計時提供重要的參考和借鑒。
  13. The reasons are : the first, small and medium enterprises adopt low - cost strategy in the logistics, as a result, they could not make money, so when in the event of loss makes their mutual eroded ; the second, the legal system is not perfect and can not be binding contract speculative behavior ; the last, the existence of a large number of small and medium enterprises in the market logistics, the alternative of their partners is more

    作者認為中小tpl企業之間合作彼此的約束力弱，由於法律的不健全、合作夥伴之間的可替代性高，所以投機行為發生的機率高，因此，在聯盟內部只有通過對成員企業進行「信用度」管理，加大對違約和投機行為進行商譽、發展空間等方面的懲罰，才能使所有成員企業認真對待其在聯盟中的責任。
  14. In this thesis, we extend the entropy regularization method in two ways : from the min - max problem to general inequality constrained optimization problems and from the entropy function to more general functions

    本文從兩個方面發展了這種熵正則化方法，即將其從極大極小問題推廣到一般不等式約束優化問題上和用一般函數代替熵函數作正則項，建立新的正則化方法。
  15. The algorithm ' s ideal is benint from the ideal of generalize projection technique and strongly subfeasible direction algorithm. it can be approximately describe as follows : firstly, by the introductin of a perturbed parameter / /, replace the complementarity constraints with a generalized function, then ( mpec ) can be reformulated equivalently nonlinear constraints programs. secondly. combine the ideal of strongly subfeasible direction algorithm and generalized projction tech - nique, we setup a generalized strongly subfeasible direction algorithm

    本學位論文結合廣義投影技術和強次可行方向法思想，建立一個新演算法，該演算法的主要思想大致可描述如下：首先引入一個趨向於0的參數，用一個互補函數代替性質不好的互補約束，將問題等價的轉化為一般的非線性約束最優化問題，然後結合廣義投影技術和強次可行方向法思想，建立一個廣義強次可行方向演算法
  16. Generic types are types that have an unspecified type parameter at build time that may be specialized at run time with any type, as long as the substituted type satisfies any constraints that may have been placed on it in the generic s definition

    泛型類型的特點是具有一個在生成時未指定的類型參數，這個參數在運行時可以被專用化為任何類型，只要替代類型滿足泛型定義中可能對該類型設置的任何約束。
  17. Once you replace the generic blue timeline with your actual milestone calendar dates, you have a very visible and useful tool that helps you identify exactly in which calendar weeks the bottlenecks and constraints will likely occur

    一旦您用您的實際里程的日期代替了一般的藍色時間線，您就得到了一個顯著的工具來幫助您精確的鑒別在哪個日歷周內瓶頸和約束將會發生。
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