有關最低增益 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuguānzuìdīzēngyì]
有關最低增益 英文
associated minimal gain
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 關 : Ⅰ動詞1 （使開著的物體合攏） close; shut 2 （圈起來） shut in; lock up 3 （倒閉; 歇業） close down...
  • 最 : 副詞（表示某種屬性超過所有同類的人或事物） most; best; worst; first; very; least; above all; -est
  • 益 : Ⅰ名詞1 （好處） benefit; profit; advantage 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（有益的） beneficialⅢ動詞...
  • 有關 : have sth to do with; have a bearing on; relate to; concern; be in [with] relation to; involve; ha...
  1. On the basis of the study of the theory and appraise method on land use in the small towns from home and abroad, this paper at first conducts a deep study on the development and role of the small towns, indicating that its development has sawn an uneven development phrase and becomes a carrier of the enterprises, a pool of surplus laborers, a hub of material exchanges between the rural and urban areas, a base of spiritual civilization, an important way to achieve urbanization. second, it conducts a study on the situation and features and the problems the land use, indicating that the efficiency of the land use is low, which has a direct influence on the development of agriculture and the role of the small towns. and the study of the demand of the land indicates the shortage of land is serious, and the small town must rationally use the land and increases its intensive role and the economical efficiency to meet the demand

    在分析國內外已有關于小城鎮土地利用的理論與評價方法的基礎上，首先對小城鎮在我國的發展、地位和作用進行了深入的分析，判明我國小城鎮發展經歷了一個曲折向上的發展階段，已成為鄉鎮企業的載體，農村剩餘勞動力的蓄水池，城鄉物資交流的樞紐，農村精神文明的基地，是我國城市化的重要途徑；其次，對小城鎮土地資源利用現狀和特徵進行了探討，並對發展小城鎮建設導致的土地利用問題進行了剖析，表明目前我國大多數小城鎮土地效益和規模效益低下，佔用耕地過多，直接影響農業的發展，影響小城鎮的地位和作用；通過小城鎮土地供需分析研究表明，我國土地短缺十分嚴峻，小城鎮土地需求缺口較大，小城鎮必須合理利用現有土地，增強集約功能和土地經濟效益，從而緩解需求壓力；最後，論文通過運用特爾菲法，描述統計分析法、多元統計分析（主成分分析）法和系統分析法中的層次分析法（ ahp ）等一系列方法，結合定性和定量兩方面，從土地質量、土地資源數量與結構、土地經濟效益、環境效益、社會效益等五個方面進行分析，篩選、建立了土地資源利用評價指標體系，在因子評價的基礎上，建立了土地利用綜合評價模型，並給出了評價過程和方法。
  2. In order to measure the characteristics of such semiconductor optical amplifier, we adopted a set of measurement system. this measurement system can be used to measure the characteristics of all kinds of active or inactive optical passive components. such device presents good polarization insensitivity ( < 0. 9db ), wide 3db bandwidth ( > 33nm ) at 0 - 200ma and different input signal light wavelength and power, the maximum fiber - to - fiber gain of 10db, lossless operation current of 50 - 75ma for different input signal light wavelength and power, large extinction ratio ( > 50db ) and lower noise figure ( nf ) ( < 8db )

    與張瑞英博士一起，首次利用該種有源區結構制備出偏振不靈敏半導體光放大器，並在0 - 200ma注入電流范圍內獲得33nm的3db帶寬，在不同信號波長，不同信號功率0 - 200ma的注入電流范圍內，偏振相關損耗均《 0 . 9db ，在耦合差損為7db / facet的條件下，最大fiber - to - fiher增益達10db ，無損操作電流為50 - 70ma ，消光比達50db以上，而噪聲指數則低於8db ，最小可達4 . 6db 。
  3. The analyses given in this paper to quasi - three - level for 946 nm laser are complete. the relation between 946 nm laser transmission and optimal crystal length has been derived from the rate equations describing the population inversion and the photon density in the laser cavity in the steady - state case. the minimal claims to coating have been given on the base of contrasting 946 nm transmission with 1064 nm transmission in the condition of different cavity losses and how the pump beam radius in the laser crystal and optimal crystal length affect the laser threshold and output power of 946 nm laser has been given as well

    對產生946nm譜線的準三能級結構給出了較為完整的分析，利用激光諧振腔處于穩態時的速率方程，導出了準三能級nd ： yag946nm起振時，透射損耗與最佳激光晶體長度的關系，在與1064nm透射損耗相比較的基礎上，給出了不同的腔損耗情況下的最低鍍膜要求，並且給出了激光閾值、輸出功率和最佳激光晶體長度及泵光光斑大小的關系，這為設計室溫下高效運轉的946nm激光器的提供了理論基礎，這種分析方法對研究此類低增益，準三能級或三能級激光系統輸出特性有借鑒意義。
  4. The board of supervisors shall exercise supervision with respect to the allocation of technical reserves, the minimum solvency margin and the maintenance and increase of state owned assets as well as monitor its senior management in respect of violations of laws, the administration regulations or the articles of association and acts considered detrimental to the company ' s interest

    監事會由金融監督管理部門、有關專家和保險公司工作人員的代表組成，對國有獨資保險公司提取各項準備金、最低償付能力和國有資產保值增值等情況以及高級管理人員違反法律、行政法規或者章程的行為和損害公司利益的行為進行監督。
  5. It is shown that the target export rebate system should be established through five facets : the reform of the value - added tax ( vat ) system, the setting of the rebate rate, the unification of the administrative measure of the export rebate, the optimization of the rebate fiscal burden and the strengthen of the administration of the export rebate, which can ultimately acquire the least rebate cost and the maximum rebate benefit. to be detail, first, the existing vat system should be reformed, the vat system should be transformed from the production model to consumption model and the administration of levying tax should be strengthened, which can establish a good basis for the optimization of the export rebate system ; second, after considering the national and international practical situation comprehensively, the suitable rebate rate which is combined " neutral and different " should be chosen, and a set of elastic system of rebate rate which has both relative stability and timing flexibility should be establish ed ; third, with the further deepening of the reform of foreign trade system and the gradual improvement of the ability of the administration of the export rebate, the existing two kinds of administrative measures should be gradually transited to the single measure - " exemption, credit and rebate " ; forth, the existing sharing measure of vat should be innovated, the new rebate burden system - " first rebate then share " should be built ; fifth, a set of stimulation and restriction system of export enterprises and tax authorities should be built to strengthen the administration of export rebate effectively

    研究表明，我國目標出口退稅機制需要從五個方面進行構建：即增值稅制度改革、退稅率設置、退稅管理辦法統一、退稅財政分擔優化和退稅管理的強化，最終方可達到總體退稅成本最低和退稅收益的最大化。更具體地說，一是改革現行增值稅制度，將我國增值稅制度由生產型逐步轉為消費型，並強化征稅管理，為退稅機制的優化奠定基礎；二是在綜合考慮國內國際實際情況的前提條件下，選擇適宜我國的「中性與非中性」相結合的退稅率，並建立一套具有相對穩定性和適時靈活性的彈性退稅率機制；三是伴隨著外貿體制改革的進一步深化和退稅管理能力的逐步提高，將現行兩種出口退稅管理辦法逐步過渡到以「免、抵、退」為主的單一管理辦法；四是改革現行增值稅共享辦法，建立「先退稅后共享」的新型退稅負擔機制；五是建立一套針對出口企業和稅務機關的激勵約束機制，有效強化出口退稅的管理。
  6. They argue that the difficulties in supply of rural public goods is formed mainly by lacking of township government foundation, also by the imperfect of current public goods provide institution. this article does microanalysis of village s from specific case and peasants themselves on the basis of research with the positive method. the author thinks that the reason for difficulties of rural public goods supply in village s is a lot deeper, rather than lack of funds and inefficient

    本文在現有研究成果的基礎上，著眼于運用實證調研的方法，從具體農村的個案和農民個體的角度對s類農村進行微觀分析，認為造成稅費改革后s農村公共產品供給困境的原因不僅僅是缺乏資金和公共產品供給制度不健全這么簡單，除此之外，還存在著許多深層次的原因，具體表現為:缺乏提供公共產品的資金來源;農民存在向最後者看齊的特殊公正觀和搭便車行為，缺乏出資生產公共產品的積極性;打工潮導致農民與村莊利益關聯度降低和人際關系的陌生化，合作成本增加。
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