期望值方差 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [qīwàngzhífāngchā]
期望值方差 英文
expectation variance
  • 期 : 期名詞[書面語]1. （一周年） a full year; anniversary 2. （一整月） a full month
  • 望 : Ⅰ動詞1 （向遠處看） look over; gaze into the distance; look far into the distance 2 （探望） visi...
  • 方 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方形; 方體） square 2 [數學] （乘方） involution; power 3 （方向） direction 4 （方面） ...
  • 差 : 差Ⅰ名詞1 （不相同; 不相合） difference; dissimilarity 2 （差錯） mistake 3 [數學] （差數） differ...
  • 期望值 : desired value
  • 期望 : 1. （抱有希望的想法） hope; expectation 2. （希望; 期待） hope; expect; wish
  • 方差 : dispersion
  1. And then, some common methods of gdm, such as the ahp method, the weighted geometric mean method ( wgmm ), the borda - kendall method, the minimum variance ( mv ) method, the clustering analytic method, the cook - seiford distance measure, cb measure, the maximum and the minimum expected values, the concordance and discordance indices, etc., are used to discuss some consensus problems of gdm, including the consistency of the complex judgment matrix in ahp, the consensus methods of the aggregation of individual preferences ; the aggregation of analytic hierarchy process methods based on similarities in decision makers " preferences, a consensus measure on multiple criteria group decision making

    接著本文採用了群體決策中常用的一些方法（如： ahp法，加權幾何平均法， borda - kendall方法，最小方差法，聚類分析法， cook - seiford距離測度法， c _ b測度法，最大最小期望值法，一致性非一致性指標法等）對群體決策中的幾個一致性問題進行了研究，這些問題包括： ahp中復合判斷矩陣的一致性，個體偏好序集結的一致化方法，基於決策者偏好相似性的層次分析模型的集結中的一致性問題和多準則群體決策的一致性測度。
  2. ( 3 ) usevpq. dll : common statistical distribution library provides methods of getting the expectation, variance ^ probability and quantile of 10 kind of statistical distribution

    Dll ：常用數理統計分佈的工具庫提供了計算十種常用統計分佈的期望、方差、函數值、分位點的方法。
  3. First, a new methodological framework is developed for investigating the optimal strategies of maintenance scheduling for generating units with risk well taken into account, based on the widely employed power pool mode and the uniform clearing price. two scenarios are examined in detail, i. e., for the two cases that the generation company studied is / is not a price taker in the electricity market operation. based on the electricity market clearing prices estimated, a new methodological framework is presented, mathematical models formulated and a solving method developed

    以國內外廣為採用的聯營體模式、統一市場清算價結算的現貨電力市場為背景，在假設市場電價可以預測並能夠描述為某種概率分佈的前提下，採用方差或標準差來描述和度量風險；建立了相應的優化模型，為發電公司在制定發電機組的檢修計劃時適當兼顧利潤損失的期望值最小和風險最小這兩個目標提供了新的解決途徑。
  4. Only when die symbol of die coefficient of reaction is steady and die absolute numerical value or expected value of die coefficient of reaction is larger and its variance is smaller, it can be said that die income redistribution has enough capability of controlling consumption demand

    只有當反應系數的符號明確、反應系數或期望反應系數的絕對值較大、反應系數數值比較穩定即方差較小時，我們才能認為該收入再分配具備對消費需求的有效調控能力。
  5. Solving the elliptic grid generation together with an algebraic method marching along the normal - to - wall direction, viscous grids around complex geometries are generated. the inner - layer grids with the algebraic method is othogonality and easy to control the distance to the wall. according to the hilgenstock, the source items are calculated to control the othogonality and spacing of grid lines on boundaries

    法向外推方法生成的內層代數網格具有很好的正交性，可隨意控制網格至物面距離，確保邊界層內有足夠多且密的網格；外層網格採用hilgenstock方法，根據網格線角度和距離與期望值之間的誤差不斷進行源項修正，實現網格對邊界正交性和距離的雙重控制，保證了網格的合理分佈並具有較高的質量。
  6. Abstract : a new method, collaborative allocation ( ca ), is proposed to solve the large - scale optimum allocation problem in aircraft conceptual design. according to the characteristics of optimum allocation in aircraft conceptual design. the principle and mathematical model of ca are established. the optimum allocation problem is decomposed into one main optimization problem and several sub - optimization problems. a group of design requirements for subsystems are provided by the main system respectively, and the subsystems execute their own optimizations or further provide the detailed design requirements to the bottom components of aircraft, such as spars, ribs and skins, etc. the subsystems minimize the discrepancy between their own local variables and the corresponding allocated values, and then return the optimization results to main optimization. the main optimization is performed to reallocate the design requirements for improving the integration performance and progressing toward the compatibilities among subsystems. ca provides the general optimum allocation architecture and is easy to be carried out. furthermore, the concurrent computation can also be realized. two examples of optimum reliability allocation are used to describe the implementation procedure of ca for two - level allocation and three - level allocation respectively, and to validate preliminarily its correctness and effectiveness. it is shown that the developed method can be successfully used in optimum allocation of design requirements. then taking weight requirement allocation as example, the mathematical model and solution procedure for collaborative allocation of design requirements in aircraft conceptual design are briefly depicted

    文摘:探討了一種新的設計指標最優分配方法- -協同分配法，用於處理飛機頂層設計中的大規模設計指標最優分配問題.分析了飛機頂層設計中的設計指標最優分配特徵，據此給出了協同法的原理並建立了數學模型.協同法按設計指標分配關系將最優分配問題分解為主系統優化和子系統優化，主優化對子系統設計指標進行最優分配，子優化以最小化分配設計指標值與期望設計指標值之間的差異為目標，進行子系統最優設計，或對底層元件（如飛機翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等）進行設計指標最優分配，並把最優解信息反饋給主優化.主優化通過子優化最優解信息構成的一致性約束協調分配量，提高系統整體性能，並重新給出分配方案.主系統與子系統反復協調，直到得到設計指標最優分配方案.兩層可靠度指標分配算例初步驗證了本文方法的正確性與可行性，三層可靠度指標分配算例證明了本文方法的有效性.最後，以重量指標分配為例，簡要敘述了針對飛機頂層設計中設計指標協同分配的數學模型和求解思路
  7. A new method, collaborative allocation ( ca ), is proposed to solve the large - scale optimum allocation problem in aircraft conceptual design. according to the characteristics of optimum allocation in aircraft conceptual design. the principle and mathematical model of ca are established. the optimum allocation problem is decomposed into one main optimization problem and several sub - optimization problems. a group of design requirements for subsystems are provided by the main system respectively, and the subsystems execute their own optimizations or further provide the detailed design requirements to the bottom components of aircraft, such as spars, ribs and skins, etc. the subsystems minimize the discrepancy between their own local variables and the corresponding allocated values, and then return the optimization results to main optimization. the main optimization is performed to reallocate the design requirements for improving the integration performance and progressing toward the compatibilities among subsystems. ca provides the general optimum allocation architecture and is easy to be carried out. furthermore, the concurrent computation can also be realized. two examples of optimum reliability allocation are used to describe the implementation procedure of ca for two - level allocation and three - level allocation respectively, and to validate preliminarily its correctness and effectiveness. it is shown that the developed method can be successfully used in optimum allocation of design requirements. then taking weight requirement allocation as example, the mathematical model and solution procedure for collaborative allocation of design requirements in aircraft conceptual design are briefly depicted

    探討了一種新的設計指標最優分配方法- -協同分配法，用於處理飛機頂層設計中的大規模設計指標最優分配問題.分析了飛機頂層設計中的設計指標最優分配特徵，據此給出了協同法的原理並建立了數學模型.協同法按設計指標分配關系將最優分配問題分解為主系統優化和子系統優化，主優化對子系統設計指標進行最優分配，子優化以最小化分配設計指標值與期望設計指標值之間的差異為目標，進行子系統最優設計，或對底層元件（如飛機翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等）進行設計指標最優分配，並把最優解信息反饋給主優化.主優化通過子優化最優解信息構成的一致性約束協調分配量，提高系統整體性能，並重新給出分配方案.主系統與子系統反復協調，直到得到設計指標最優分配方案.兩層可靠度指標分配算例初步驗證了本文方法的正確性與可行性，三層可靠度指標分配算例證明了本文方法的有效性.最後，以重量指標分配為例，簡要敘述了針對飛機頂層設計中設計指標協同分配的數學模型和求解思路
  8. Study work mainly is : part one, look back and look ahead the financial development history and present situation that derives market and the futuristic tendency, summarize domestic and international theory and method about venture capital investment, discuss establishment and develop the financial necessariness and important meaning of our country that derives market ; part two, establishthe relation between investment risk and the radom expectation effectiveness of investor ? verage stochastic dominance of asset profit ; part three, covari - ance matrix in mean - variance model is analysed with sensitivity analysis and fuzzy analysis ; part four, have looked back the concept of option, the price relation of option and black - scholes option price formula, have put forward option price formula of the discounted value of option present value ; part five, have looked back the financial concept and its classfication that financial derivatives risk, have summarized financial risk management theory, measured and assessed methods of financial derivatives risk

    主要研究工作為：第一章，回顧和展望金融衍生市場的發展歷史、現狀和未來，綜述國內外關于風險投資的理論與方法，論述建立和發展我國金融衍生市場的必要性及重要意義；第二章，建立投資者的隨機期望效用與投資風險之間的關系? ?平均隨機占優；第三章，均值方差模型協方差矩陣的靈敏度分析與模糊分析；第四章，回顧了期權的概念、期權的價格關系和black - scholes期權定價公式，提出了歐式看漲期權價格的折現值所滿足的微分方程；第五章，回顧了金融衍生品風險的概念及其分類，總結了金融衍生品的風險管理理論和金融衍生品風險計量和評估方法。
  9. But the standard mc has some shortcomings : firstly, the standard mc picks up isosurfaces by threshold, however, threshold segmentation is invalid for picking up tissues or organs from some medical images ; secondly, the standard mc pocesses cubes one by one, that is to say, all the cubes will be checked, and the algorithm spents 30 % - 70 % of time to check the null units, so we need a reasonable data structure to travel the space data and accelerate the checking or filting of null units ; thirdly, the standard mc has a large scale of triangles, normally, the tissue or organ reconstructed includes hundreds of thousands so much as millions of triangles, this means it hardly to execute real - time rendering or interaction ; lastly, the standard mc can not get the very smoothly surface mesh, and there will be some unexpected accidented cases, especially in the case of big errors in oringinal data

    但是標準mc演算法存在較大的問題:標準mc演算法實質上是通過閾值分割來提取等值面，閾值分割對某些醫學圖像的組織或器官的提取難以得到較好的效果;標準mc演算法是逐個移動立方體來進行處理，就是說對所有的立方體都要進行一次檢測，演算法執行中30 % ~ 70 %的時間用在對空單元的檢測上，因此需要有一種合理的數據結構對空間數據進行有效的遍歷，以加速對空單元的檢測和過濾;標準mc演算法產生了大量的三角面片，一般重建的組織或器官包含數十萬甚至上百萬的三角面片，難以實現實時的繪制和交互操作;標準mc演算法得到的表面網格並不光滑，會有一些不期望的凹凸，特別是在原始數據有較大誤差的情況下尤其突出。
  10. Some limit properties of sequences of arbitrary b - valued random variables are studied by using truncation methods of random variables and conditional three series theorem, a class of strong limit theorems and convergence theorems for martingale difference sequences related to the conditional expectations are obtained, and some conclusions corresponding to these and some classical strong laws of large numbers are generalized

    摘要利用隨機變量的截尾方法和條件三級數定理，研究任意b值隨機變量序列的極限性質，得到了一類關于條件期望的強極限定理和鞅差序列收斂定理，推廣了與此相應的一些結果和若干經典的強大數定律。
  11. Despite marked differences in expectations, 64 percent of those questioned agree that financial security is important to the success of a relationship

    除了在經濟期望值方面的顯著差別， 64的調查對象認為安全的經濟狀況對于維持兩人的關系很重要。
  12. The study developed by quantitative and qualitative methods. preferring to the moral values, i find there are many problems in the classroom : understand - lacking understand of the students, some teachers deal the classroom context arbitrarily, which far below the students " expectation. respect - the self - respect is easily hurt just for the teacher ' s wrong teaching way without respect to the students ; trust - the teacher ' s expectation takes an active part in the students " development, otherwise may become an obstacle ; just - for vary reasons, some teachers ca n ' t be just and treat the students equally ; happy - the students ca n ' t live a happy life in the classroom just for the test press and the teacher ' s attitude and behavior

    以課堂德育情境應具備的核心價值為參照系，筆者發現現實課堂情境中存在很多問題：理解? ?由於缺乏對學生的理解，一些教師在處理課堂情境時主觀隨意，與學生的期望相距深遠；尊重? ?教師缺乏尊重內涵的教育方式極易傷害學生，德育效果極差；信任? ?教師的期望和寬容對學生發展有積極作用，反之，會產生負面教育影響；公正一由於種種原因教師在課堂倩境中很難做到一視同仁，教無差別；幸福一學生的課堂體驗質量堪憂，學業成績和教師行為表現是主要的影響因素。
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