果皮內層 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guǒpínèicéng]
果皮內層 英文
endocarp
  • 果 : Ⅰ名詞1 （果子） fruit 2 （事情的結局; 結果） result ; consequence 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞（吃...
  • 皮 : Ⅰ名詞1 （人或物體表面的一層組織） skin 2 （皮革） leather; hide 3 （毛皮） fur 4 （包在外面的一層...
  • 內 : 名詞1. （內部; 里頭; 里邊） inner; inside; within 2. （妻子或妻子的親屬） one's wife or her relatives 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 層 : i 量詞1 （用於重疊、積累的東西 如樓層、階層、地層） storey; tier; stratum 2 （用於可以分項分步的...
  • 果皮 : peel; pill; pericarp; rind; skin; the skin of fruit
  1. The results showed that the prime symptoms of the tpd include laticifer necrosis and cambium - like meristem formation that occurs around the necrotic laticifer in the inner bark

    結果表明該病的基本癥狀是在樹皮內層發生乳管壞死和在壞死的乳管周圍產生形成層狀分生組織。
  2. We have observed the following characteristics of anatomical structure and development : ( 1 ) the primary roots belong to archetype and the lateral roots occur in the position toward the xylem of the vascular cylinder ; ( 2 ) the root endodermis consists of thicken casparian strips, and there are from two lo four layers parenchyma cells near the pericycle ; ( 3 ) the pith and resins canals are absent in the toots ; ( 4 ) secondary structure occurs in the root hair zone, and vascular cambium is formed from the parenchyma cells between the primary xylem and primary phloem ; ( 5 ) tanning materials are abundant in pericycle cells and phelloderm cells ; ( 6 ) sclereids are found in secondary phloem, and rays are rather rich in secondary xylem

    結果表明：氣生不定根具有以下結構特徵和發育特點： （ 1 ）根為二原型，側根正對著木質部發生； （ 2 ）幼根內皮層細胞具凱氏帶加厚，維管柱內緊挨中柱鞘內側具有2 ~ 4層大型薄壁細胞； （ 2 ）根中無髓和樹脂道； （ 4 ）次生結構發生於根毛區，維管形成層由初生木質部和初生韌皮部之間的薄壁細胞轉化形成； （ 5 ）中柱鞘和栓內層細胞富含單寧類物質； （ 6 ）次生韌皮部有石細胞，次生木質部射線發達。
  3. Section two the evaluation of biocompatibility of the acellular dermal matrix by the method of cell culture. the new born rat ' s epdermic cells were cultured with the acellular dermal matrix together as experiment group, while the epdermic cell were cultured simply as control. 24 hours later, under the invert microscope, the epidermic cells anchored well and transparent flat cells were observed in both groups. 7 days later, both cultured cells were taked out and fixed in 95 % ethanol, stained with hematoxylin and were observed under light microscope. many cleaved cells were observed in both groups. during cell culture, no pathogenic microganism was observed. so we considered the acellular dermal matrix was aseptic and had good biocompatibility. section three subdermal implantation of the acellular dermal matrix. 24 rats were used in the experiments. a piece of acellular dermal matrix ( 1. 5 x 1. 5cm2 ) was implanted beneath the dorsum skin flaps of each rat, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks after implantation, 6 pieces of acellular dermal matrix were harvested and the size of implanted acellular dermal matrix were measured, the sections were used for he staining and observed under light microscope. the result were as folio wing : 1 - 2 weeks after implantation, the acellular dermal matrix began to adhere to the tissue around and turned red gradually ; 3 - 4weeks after implantation, the acellular dermal matrix adhered closely to the tissue around and could be recognized easily, 1 - 3 weeks after implantation, the size of implanted acellular dermal matrix had no statistical difference ( p > 0. 05 ). 4 weeks after implantation implanted acellular dermal matrix contracted ( p < 0. 05 ). under light microscope, l - 2weeks after implantation, the fibroblast cells infiltrated the acellular dermal matrix and a small amount endothelial cells of vessel and lympho - histiocytic cells infiltrated the acellular dermal matrix. 3 - 4 weeks after implantation, infiltrating blood vessels were evident. so we think that the acellular dermal matrix had low immunological reactions and could induce the infiltration of fibroblast macrophage cell and the endothelial cells of vessel

    結果如下：皮下包埋卜周者，無細胞真皮基質漸與周圍組織粘附，顏色由蒼白轉紅；皮下包埋3周者，無細胞真皮基質與周圍組織緊密枯附，盾晰葉辯；術后卜周，包埋的基質面積變化較包埋前無統計學差異o川0引，術后4周包埋的無細胞真皮基質面積較包埋前縮小j刃刀5 ） 。光鏡下術后卜周，宿主的淋巳組織細胞、成纖維細胞浸入生長，釉附在膠原纖維上，少量血管內皮細胞浸入基質；術后34周，無細胞真皮基質內較多的血管形成，故可認為無細胞真皮基質免疫原性低，能誘導宿主的成纖維細胞、巨噬細胞浸入生長，為一種新型的真皮替代物。第四部分無細胞真皮基質與自體斷層皮片復合移棺的研究， sd大鼠10隻，在其背部卜方造成全厚皮膚缺損的創面
  4. Get 4 right anterolateral femoral flaps and 4 left scapular flaps which were dyed obviously after 3 days, dehydrate by graded ethanol, vitrification and paraffin embeded, horizontally and vertically sliced continuously, thickness is 15, 20 and loojtim respectively, he dyed, observed under microscope. results : ( 1 ) direct cutaneous artery or musculo - cutaneous artery, in the procedure of common integument tissue being shallowed up step by step, continuously sending out branches to deep fascia layer, superficial fascia layer, hypodermis layer, hypopapilla layer and papilla layer to form the five - grade cutaneous microcirculation " blood vessel tree " of the skin blood vessel network that can be identified

    結果門）亙接皮動脈或肌皮動脈，在體被組織逐步淺出的整個行程中，不斷發出分支並分別在深筋膜層、皮下組織（淺筋膜）層、真皮下層、乳頭下層和乳頭層內形成五級具有鑒別特徵的皮膚微循環血管網（血管樹） 。 （ 2 ）體被組織靜脈血管網由淺入深分為五層：皮膚乳頭層。乳頭下層、真皮下層、皮下組織層和深筋膜層。
  5. Ceviar living cells, which undergo devision 200 times faster than normal cells, contain a great variety of activated factors that stimulate fission of both organism and cells, and regeneration of cells, improving micro circulation and supply of nutrients, reducing melanin, and thus growing vitality and skin springiness, resulting from less wrinkles and shrinking pores

    魚子活細胞有旺盛的生命力，它的細胞分裂頻率比成熟細胞強200倍，內含多種活性因子，可啟動人體組織細胞的分裂和活化，刺激老化細胞更新再生，改善微循環，淡化黑色素，其高分子蛋白質有效的補充人體細胞和皮膚細胞的養份，增強機體活力和皮膚的彈性，修護鞏固基底層細胞組織達到去除皺紋、收緊毛孔、提升皮膚的顯著美容效果。
  6. Based on the former overseas and domestic study on the sheeting diaphragms effect of fender structure, the " rib - diaphragm " shear model is applied to multi - story steel structure according to its character in this paper, and the result is satisfactory

    本文結合國內外對鋼結構圍護結構蒙皮效應的研究，針對多層鋼結構側移的特點，將「肋-板」結構的抗剪單元應用在多層鋼結構的框架當中，取得了很好的效果。
  7. Great diversity in genomic dna of gastrodia elata bl. and armillaria mellea. was also demonstrated by completely different bands of the rapd between various growing periods of t8 and m. the complete different bands of the rapd between m and the tuber of t8 might revealed that the genetic matter of m did not invade the inter area of gastrodia elata bl

    2通過對同一株不同生長時期的天麻與蜜環菌的rapd擴增結果的研究表明：同一株天麻不同生長時期的dna不表現差異，而且與密環菌沒有共同的條帶，這說明密環菌與天麻的dna有較大的差異，特別是與塊莖之間的差異說明密環菌的遺傳物質在天麻的生長過程中侵入天麻塊莖皮層以內的部位時已被同化。
  8. We also investigated the pathological changes of mouse liver, thymus and cerebrum cortex challenged by so2 inhalation by in vivo tests. we studied the apoptotic induction on mouse spleen cells and cytotoxicity of human embryo lung fibroblasts of so2 derivatives by in vitro tests. in vivo tests of sulfur dioxide inhalation showed : ( 1 ) effects on mouse lung of so2 challenge : we found no significant apoptotic changes induced by so2 inhalation but obvious pathological changes of lung with vacuolating of osmiophilic multilamellar bodies which maybe related with the decrease of surfacant and decrease of microvillus of type ii alveolar cells ; we also found thickening of part of basement lamina between type i alveolar cells and capillary endothelium cells which may inhibit the dispersion of oxygen and contribute to lung dysfunction

    二氧化硫熏氣染毒的體內實驗結果表明，在本次實驗的濃度范圍內（ 56mg m ~ 3 、 112mg m ~ 3 、 168mg m ~ 3低、中、高三個濃度） ： （ 1 ）通過透射電鏡、 dna凝膠電泳分析和流式細胞分析發現二氧化硫吸入染毒一周對小鼠肺臟沒有明顯的凋亡誘導作用，但通過透射電鏡觀察發現二氧化硫可引起肺臟明顯的超微結構改變，引起型肺泡上皮細胞板層體空泡化，微絨毛減少，線粒體緻密化或腫脹變性；肺泡血管內皮細胞和型肺泡上皮細胞之間基膜增厚，使氧氣彌散功能出現障礙，從而降低肺功能。
  9. Rubber tree ( hevea brasiliensis ) is an important economic woody - crop in tropical areas. its latex is the unique source of crude rubber used in current industry. because of its special and important use, the rubber tree has been extensively planted in tropical areas. increase production is always the main target in rubber tree cultivation. since the ethrel was applied in increasing latex production in 1968 for the first time as a chemical stimulant, not only the latex production had been increased largely, but also a new set of rubber tapping system had been established, leading to a series of economic benefit. owing to ethrel " s extensive application, its side effects had been found more and more obviously, such as tapping dry, speeding up senescence, shortening the life span of rubber tree etc. in order to overcome the side effects and increase production more availably, for a long time, people had carried out lots of research work on cell level, membrane level, physiology and biochemistry of laticifer contents. but the mech anism why ethrel increased latex production was not yet understood completely. this study had cloned the ethylene receptor gene ( efrl ) from rubber tree, and researched the relationship between etrl expression in laticifers and ethrel stimulation on transcription level and protein translation level. the results were as follows : 1

    但是，由於乙烯利應用的普及，乙烯利刺激割膠引起橡膠樹發生死皮病及加速膠樹衰老，縮短膠樹壽命等副作用也越來越明顯。為了克服這些副作用，使乙烯利能更有效地刺激增產，長期以來，人們在細胞水平、膜水平和乳管細胞內含物的生理生化層面上進行了大量的研究，但仍未完全了解乙烯對膠樹的作用機制。本研究從分子水平入手，克隆橡膠樹的乙烯受體基因（ etr1 ） ，並在轉錄水平和蛋白質翻譯水平上研究etr1基因在乳管細胞中的表達及與乙烯刺激的關系，取得了以下結果： 1
  10. According to the special shape and operate requirements of the torpedo, the structure and moulding process of the torpedo shell are established, in which the body and overlay block with grooves are moulded by fiber winding, and close moulding respectively with the adhesive by limited stop compression. in the light of the selection of raw material system, composite system with outstanding performance are defined, based on which the mechanical properties are tested., with the overall consideration of structural characters and design demands, the main factors which may have effects on the strength and stability ( including stiffness section dimension, stiffeners space, skin thickness and skin lay angle ) is optimized one by one for the structure design parameters on the base of the fem model of skin, stiffness and layover block by fem. as a result, the prototype with 1 : 1 proportion and its structure and lay optimization design are completed. the moulding technology for polyurethane foam moulding the stiffened shell is obtai ned in terms of the design, manufacture moulding, experimental mould and tooling

    依據在研產品特殊的外型結構和使用要求，確定了該型號水雷復合材料殼體的具體結構形式和復合成型工藝路線，即由纖維纏繞工藝成型主體異形件，閉模成型帶通槽外貼塊，用限位加壓工裝實現粘接的工藝路線；通過對原材料體系的篩選，確定了綜合性能較好的復合材料體系，以此為基礎進行了力學性能測試；運用有限元方法，建立了蒙皮、筋條和外貼塊的分析模型，綜合考慮結構特點和設計要求，對影響結構強度與穩定性的主要因素（包括筋截面尺寸、筋間距、蒙皮厚度、蒙皮鋪層角度）分別進行了結構設計參數的優選，最終完成了復合材料異形耐外壓殼體1 : 1樣件和縮比實驗件結構及鋪層優化設計；完成了聚氨酯泡沫胎成型內置加筋殼體的成型工藝技術研究；對縮比件進行外壓性能測試，並給出了應力、應變測試結果。
  11. Result after g. elata nutritional stems infected by a. mellea, the rhizomorph of a. mellea separate into several hyphal layers and penetrate hyphal stream which infect into the cells of cortex layer in the direction of outside and infect directly into layer cells in the direction of inside, these hypha can be used the nutrition of g. elata the new corms will be stop growth if cut off the rhizomorph of a. mellea connected with g. elata

    結果蜜環菌索侵入天麻營繁莖后，分成多個分枝的菌絲通道，菌絲突破通道形成菌絲流，向外侵入皮層細胞形成菌絲結，向內直接侵入大型細胞被天麻消化作為營養；切斷天麻與菌材連接的蜜環菌索，新生麻就停止生長。
  12. The results showed that the lumen of small intestine was lined by the simple columnar epithelium, most of the cells were high columnar absorbing ones with abundant developed microvilli

    結果表明，中華鱉小腸黏膜上皮為單層柱狀上皮，以高柱狀吸收細胞為主，具有發達的微絨毛、線粒體、粗面內質網和膜包小囊泡，其結構的發達程度已接近高等哺乳動物和鳥類。
  13. More anthraquinone compounds was distributed in pith ray cells and the tissues of mature stem suchas bundle sheaths in large - scale vascular bundle, primary phloem and primary xylem than that in young stem. [ conclusion ] the distribution of anthraquinone compounds in the stem was of multilocus

    結果隨著莖的不斷成熟，在莖的表皮、近表皮的1 ~ 2層皮層細胞及較內部皮層中，不同程度地增加貯藏和積累了一定數量的蒽醌類化合物，成為莖外部貯藏和積累蒽醌共化合物的主要結構部位成熱莖大型維管束的維管束鞘、初生韌皮部、初生木質部等組織和髓射線細胞分佈了比幼莖多的蒽醌類化合物。
  14. The co - expression of l l6 - hsd1 and gr in the saxne chorionic trophoblast suggests possible intrcrine achons ofglucoconicoid generated by l l6 - hsdl within the cells. 2. ewe radiomctric conversion assay showed that trctrient of the cells with the synthetic glucocorticoid - - dexarnethasone ( l0 - ' m ) for 24h increased the conversion of conisone to cortisol, and thes increase was blocked by the gr antagonist ru486

    雙標免疫組織化學染色結果顯示11p hsdi和gr共存於同一個滋養層細胞，提示在體內無活性的gc代謝產物?一17羥d脫氫皮質酮經11p hsdi還原活化后可以直接與同一個細胞內的gr結合，即以內在分泌（ intracrine ）形式發揮作用
  15. Abstract : the method of generating infrared image of target in the sky was proposed. at first, the geometric model of the target in the sky was built with grid ; secondly, using the theory of aerodynamic and heat transmission, the thermal equation of the different skin of target ( the skin with and without heat source, the skin with heat source and the skin of gasoline tank ) were established ; thirdly, as an example, the solution of the thermal equation of ultrasonic plane was obtained ; finally, the result of the computer simulation were proposed

    文摘:提出了空中目標的紅外圖像生成方法，首先是空中目標的幾何建模及其網格化，然後據飛機空氣動力學和傳熱學原理提出了空中目標幾種蒙皮（單層蒙皮、內有燃油蒙皮、發動機影響區蒙皮）的熱平衡方程，然後以超音速飛機為例，介紹了方程的求解過程，最後給出了計算機的模擬結果及分析。
  16. Results and conclusions : complete incorporation into host tissues and the maintenance of a viable and self - renewing endothelial layer are the fundamental goals to be achieved when developing a tissue - engineered blood vessel

    結果和結論：一種新的組織工程血管如果要投入臨床應用必須滿足以下兩個基本條件：首先，這種血管必須與宿主組織完全融合；其次，組織內皮層要長期保持活力並且能夠自我更新。
  17. The cellular localization of kvl. 2 and the co - localization of kvl. 2 and vegf receptors in the rat brain in rat cerebral cortex, triple - fluorescence labeling for kvl. 2, nse, and gfap showed that kvl. 2 immunopositive labeling was predominantly seen on the membrane of the cells co - stained with nse, a specific neuronal marker. only few kvl. 2 positive labeling cells were co - stained with gfap, an astrocyte glial cell marker

    大鼠腦內kv1 . 2蛋白的細胞定位及其與vegf受體間的共存關系大鼠大腦皮層kv1 . 2 、 nse 、 gfap免疫熒光三標結果： kv1 . 2蛋白分佈在細胞膜上，大部分kv1 . 2免疫陽性細胞表達有nse ，只有在少量kv1 . 2陽性細胞上表達有gfap 。
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