格式之爭 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [géshìzhīzhēng]
格式之爭
英文
battle of forms-
The conflict between fundamentalists and fellow travellers is the root of many financial controversies, over investment styles, over fair value accounting
在投資風格上，在公平價值會計方式上，基本面分析派和跟風者之間的對立是很多金融爭議的根源。Pepesi cola has been the younger generation of the coca - cola all the time, once adopted the form of price competition in early " two happy fights "
百事可樂一直是可口可樂的晚輩，早期的「兩樂之戰」就曾經採取了價格競爭的形式。Hong kong accountants wishing to expand their business on the mainland can strive for professional qualifications to practice, arrange take - overs and mergers, enter joint ventures or promote co - operative professional alliances. however, in reality, even after successfully obtaining the appropriate professional qualifications ( which is difficult to do ), one still cannot practise. even if one is willing to provide some other limited professional services, there are still many complicated procedures and applications to go through. mergers or entering into joint ventures are almost impossible
就以會計界為例，本地會計師希望拓展內地業務，可以通過爭取營業執照，收購合併，以及合作聯營等方式進行，但現實情況卻是，極困難地考取中國會計師資格之後，依然不能執業，就算要進入內地提供有限度的服務，也必須經過繁復的登記和申請手續，收購合併除了融資上近乎不可能之外，也不會得到內地的批準，就是有限度的合作聯營，也是規范森嚴，本地專才空有技術，但可發揮的空間仍然有限。But as is so often the case with new storage formats, rival standards are under development
但競爭性標準也在研發之中，這對新存儲格式而言是常有的事情。First, we examine whether the momentum strategies and contrarian strategies can create significant profits under different formulation horizons and holding horizons, whether past factors ( market return, characteristic of individual stock ) can provide an important implication about the profits of momentum and contrarian strategies. second, we discuss the reasons for the significant profits of momentum or contrarian strategies, including seasonality, cross - sectional risk factors, time - varying risk premium, industry momentum, and stock underreaction, overreaction, and random walk. third, we discuss the link of time series predictability of stock returns and momentum profits, including stock underreation, overreaction, delayed reaction, and time - varying risk premium
研究目的有四：其一，探討中國股市執行慣性策略或反向策略的顯著獲利模式及與各狀態因子（市場及個股狀態）的關系；其二，全面分析中國股市慣性與反向效應之潛在成因，包括截面風險因素、季節因素、時變的風險溢價、行業慣性效應以及行為金融模型與conradandkaul （ 1998 ）的隨機遊走觀點之爭論；其三，構建非效率市場之股票價格運動方程，並基於此，規范地演進慣性效應之時序生成途徑，包括反應不足、過度反應、滯后反應以及風險溢價的時變性；其四，探討中國股市中投資者的特殊信息反應模式，並以此來解讀中國股市的中短期過度反應與反應不足的現象，以及個股間的超前一滯后關系的表現模式及形成機理。In this part we approaches the following problems : the problem on how to make form terms into form contracts in consumers and form contracts in commerce ; the problems on how to make form debates and form terms into contracts of negative conditions
在這部分，主要討論下列問題：格式條款訂入合同的原則，格式條款如何訂入消費者合同，格式條款如何訂入商業性合同， 「格式之爭」問題以及格式條款訂入合同的消極要件。It was considered that regional superiority is the base of characteristic agricultural development, the products of characteristic agriculture should have obvious advantages both in yield and in quality, especially in quality ; merchandise economy is the fundamentality of characteristic agricultural development, the products of characteristic agriculture should be green products, and have more stronger market competition, market capacity corresponding scale, and brand benefit ; market demand is the key of characteristic agricultural development, market demand could be expanded and created by developing deep processing largely, market risk could be avoided by having consciousness of market risk and enhancing the analysis and judgment of market, market risk could be resisted by establishing risk sharing system between industry organizations and farmers, exploring business insurance system of agricultural production risk, perfecting price protection and subsidy system of agricultural products, and setting up risk fund system of agricultural products ; service system is the keystone of characteristic agricultural development, it include production, processing, storage, transportation and distribution of agricultural products, the technical service, information service and distribution service should be strengthened
認為： （ 1 ）區域優勢是發展特色農業的基礎，特色農產品在產量、尤其在品質上與其他地區相比，需具有明顯的優勢； （ 2 ）商品經濟是發展特色農業的根本，特色農產品應該是綠色產品，且具有較強的市場競爭力和品牌效益，以及與市場容量相適宜的規模； （ 3 ）市場需求是發展特色農業的關鍵，需要通過大力發展農產品的深加工業，改變人們的消費形式來擴展和創造市場需求，樹立市場風險意識，加強對市場風險的分析判斷來避免市場風險，建立產業化組織與農民之間利益共用，風險共擔的經營機制，探索農業生產風險的商業保險機制，完善農產品價格保護和價格補貼制度，建立農產品風險基金制度來抵禦市場風險； （ 4 ）服務體系是發展特色農業的重點，建立市場化的農村社會化服務新體系，包括農產品的生產、加工、儲藏、運輸、銷售等系列化服務，尤其是要加強技術服務、信息服務和銷售服務。The text in the base of unscrambling concept of private economy particularly, adopting the developing datum about yangtze river delta from 1978 to 2004, the penman analyses private economy ’ s developing course of yangtze river delta, demonstrats its new developing characteristics and direction. however, although it ’ s always in the former rank in the national economy, still exists many problems. at present, financing is one of all - important problems, industrial organization is new way of its competition and amalgamation, and swelling independent technology innovation is a basic point of technology development. the penman believes that analysing and discussing this three problems at present is meanful. this text uses produce - funcion to analysing puzzledom of financing, uses the theory of be independent of manufacturer ’ s scale to analysing the internal forming mechanism, uses cost - benefit model to analyzing the mechanism of innovative impetus, finally, elicits improving countermeasure of its practical situation to putting forward powerful opinion
融資歷來是長三角民營經濟發展的首要制約因素之一;產業集群是其競爭與融合的新走向;技術創新則是其發展的動力源。因此，在現階段對這三個問題的分析討論更具有時代性與必要性。本文運用「柯布? ?道格拉斯」生產函數解析長三角民營經濟的融資困境，分析其融資難成因;運用廠商規模無關論對長三角民營經濟產業集群的內在形成機制進行分析;從長三角民營經濟技術創新的現實模式出發，分析其制約因素，力圖給出幾點可行的對策建議，促進長三角民營經濟在新階段的可持續發展。Factories to " hard solid, honest commitment, work effectiveness " of entrepreneurship, just the essence of chinese civilization, to be innovative and all products are unique, from market research, product development, design models to raw materials procurement, product testing until the final placement market, are under strict international management procedures to operate, thereby achieving " quality, efficient " business purpose for products in the fierce market competition forever invincible
工廠以「艱苦堅實、誠信承諾、實干實效」為企業精神，傳承中華文明的精髓，銳意創新，所有產品均獨具特色，從市場調查、產品開發、款式設計到原料采購、產品檢驗直到最後的市場投放，均嚴格按國際化管理流程操作，從而達到「質優、高效」的企業目的，使產品在激烈的市場競爭中永立於不敗之地。The essay aims to reach a conclusion that the traditional market models are hard to meet the needs of current market, or hard to explore new customer markets as well as preserve the occupied market, through integrating group ’ s aa external environment, internal capacities, analysis of current management situations and the analysis of comparison with other competitors, therefore, it is crucial to introduce the ideas and methodologies of customer - value - oriented relationship - marketing strategy
本文旨在結合aa集團的外部環境、內部能力、經營現狀分析以及與競爭對手的比較分析等，得出傳統的價格競爭營銷模式難以適應市場的需要，換言之，難以保持已有的客戶市場，更不可能開辟新的客戶市場，因此我們主張引入以客戶價值為核心的關系營銷管理模式。Through expounding the concept of tax planning, the objective condition of tax planning, the rationality and the certainty of tax planning under current tax system, the preparation of tax planning and the method of tax planning, combining the concrete conditions of jinan weiming industry company, integrating the practice with the theory, the thesis adopts the method of qualitative and quantitative analysis, provide an overall tax planning for jinan weiming industry company on such 9 fields related to tax as the taxpayer ' s identity of value - added tax, buying and selling activities, hotels renting and pooling, freight charges, enterprise present, economic contracts, bad account transfer, advertisement models and depreciation with the aid of the number analysis, the charts and the mathematic tools
本文在通過對納稅籌劃概念、納稅籌劃產生的客觀條件、現行稅制下企業納稅籌劃必然性和合理性的分析、納稅籌劃的準備工作以及納稅籌劃方法進行理論闡述之後，結合濟南偉民實業總公司的具體情況，通過理論聯系實際，採用定性與定量分析相結合的方法，藉助于數字分析，表格，數學工具等形式對濟南偉民實業總公司包括增值稅納稅人身份、購銷活動、酒店出租與聯營、運費、企業捐贈、經濟合同、壞帳轉銷、廣告宣傳方式和固定資產折舊等九個涉稅事項進行了納稅籌劃。通過本論文的撰寫，幫助濟南偉民實業總公司通過合理納稅籌劃，提高企業經濟效益，增強企業競爭力。In recent years, the high speed development of chinese economy promotes automobile and automobile parts industry boosting fast in production scale and sales and profits in china axle branch company belongs to faw jiefang vehicle co, ltd, its former name is faw chassis plant, established in 1955 its main products are 4 ~ 16ton front axle series, casting axle and pressing & welding axle middle rear axle series etc, total more than 30 varieties its main customer is faw coming into the new century, the truck market of china present more new requirement characteristics and some new faces faw ’ s market share decreased sharply, however its further development strategic objective is still keeping the first share of industry market therefore, the purpose of this study is, with the continuous instruction of high duty and large power trucks, and the implementation of the strategy of introduction / spread, how axle branch company to be stronger and larger in the new market competition situation, thereby meet the macro - strategic objective requirement since 20 century 80s, the study point of enterprise strategy theory has been transferred to enterprise competition theory stepwise, and three main strategy schools have come up : industry structure school, core capability school and strategy resource school this study paper herein will apply some theories and methods from these three schools to study the development strategy of axle branch company, combined with the research study result of domestic and foreign auto parts industry circumstance, with the methods of deduction and
新的需求特點和后進入企業的參與，打破了傳統競爭格局，集中度下降，同時國內市場國際化趨勢使競爭升級，一汽卡車市場佔有率大幅下降，作為中國汽車工業的搖籃，其戰略是繼續保持行業市場佔有率第一。作為一汽集團的一個戰略單位，面對新的市場進入者，還應重新審視其現有產品構成、開發水平、產品水平、製造技術、營銷手段等方面的問題，制定在新形勢、新環境下的發展戰略，才能跟上中國乃至世界汽車整車、零部件發展的新趨勢、新要求，才能在激烈的市場競爭中立於不敗之地。本論文通過對車橋分公司面臨的市場環境和目前經營狀況的分析，指出其發展方面存在的問題，並以「專題研究」形式，運用戰略管理的一些理論和方法，並結合對國內外汽車零部件行業環境及發展趨勢的調查研究，用演繹推理的方法來研究車橋分公司發展戰略。The content of this part mainly includes the qualification of the settlor, the means that the settlor can create a trust with and the types a trust can be, as well as other detailed matters related to the trust property, and the legality of a trust, involving some issues close to the civil law and liable to be disputed, such as the protection to the creditor of the settlor, the enforcement of a trust, and whether the beneficiary can acquire the beneficial interest as a bona fide purchaser
本部分內容主要涉及委託人的資格、委託人有權設立信託的方式和類型，以及與信託財產、信託內容的合法性等相關的具體內容，其中包括對委託人之債權人利益的保護、信託的強制執行問題、受益人能否善意取得受益權等與民法關系較為密切且容易產生爭議的問題。第三部分是對委託人在信託存續階段所享有的權利及其限制的討論。This text is inheritting the tradition and positioning theory quintessence and absorbs 4rs theory of 4cs theory and combine marketing theory in but the place of reference, have proposed the marketing positioning theory in the whole course, namely everything set out from customer to positioning among several marketing tactics in the whole course of marketting, it is of various fields to establish the difference ization to products and space - time that in, etc. to be, whether it establish at marketing every link ( such as marketing strategy, products, price, or channel, promote ) on different from competition difference ization of the productses make positioning, and make every link make positioning and support each other, match each other, the system is coordinated, make one reach consumer to consumer ' s products worth satisfieding with in way that consumers
本文在繼承傳統定位理論精華和吸收4cs理論4rs理論和整合營銷理論的可借鑒之處，提出了全程定位理論，即是在營銷全過程中的各項營銷策略中一切從顧客出發實施定位，是對產品本身及所處的時空等各方面樹立差異化，確立在營銷各環節（如營銷戰略、產品、價格、渠道、促銷）上有別于競爭產品的差異化定位，並使各環節定位互相支持，互相匹配，系統協調，使一個對消費者有著滿意價值的產品以消費者滿意的方式到達消費者手中。While toshiba was still officially silent on the fate of its technology, pundits and consumers were clear the war was over
與東芝官方對自己技術的命運保持沉默不同，銷售商和消費者們認為格式之爭已結束。分享友人