正態不變性 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhēngtàibùbiànxìng]
正態不變性
英文
permanence of normality-
The results indicate that : 1. the main physical and chemical characteristics vary regularly : with rising of the altitude, there is a transition from silt > sand > clay to sand > silt > clay in the mechanical composition ; the argic horizon emerges below the altitude of 1600 meters ; the content of organic matter is enrichment, the content of organic carbon of epipedon is higher than 20 g / kg, while the content of organic carbon increases with increasing of altitude, and in the altitude of 3500 - 3700meters, the soils under the meadow have the maximum content organic carbon ; the soils appear acid - slightly acid reaction, the ph decreases appreciably and acid strengthen with increasing of altitude ; the soils higher than the altitude of 2500 meters are base unsaturated, indicating the soil leaching is strong, the ph and bs are distinct plus correlated ; the contents of sio2, al2o3, and fe2o3 of the soil body and clay are all relatively stabilization ; in the soil body, the content of sio2 is much high and cao is very little, the total contents of sio2, a12o3 and fe2o3 occupy 92 % of the mineral parts, the sequence of mineral elements is : sio2 > al2o3 > fe2o3 > k2o > mgo > cao > tio2 > mno
研究結果表明： 1太白山南坡土壤的主要理化性質隨海拔高度的上升呈有規律的變化：隨海拔高度上升，機械組成由粉粒砂粒粘粒逐漸過渡到砂粒粉粒粘粒，海拔1600m以下出現粘化層；土壤有機質豐富，表層有機碳含量一般在20g kg以上，有機碳含量隨海拔高度升高而相應增加，海拔3500 3700m的灌叢草甸植被下有機碳含量最高；土壤呈酸性或微酸性，並隨海拔上升， ph值略微降低，酸性增強，海拔2700m以上的土壤多呈鹽基不飽和狀態，表明土壤淋溶作用較強， ph值和鹽基飽和度呈極顯著正相關；土體與粘粒中的sio _ 2 、 al _ 2o _ 3 、 fe _ 2o _ 3含量相對比較穩定，土體中sio _ 2含量較高， cao含量較少， sio _ 2 、 al _ 2o _ 3和fe _ 2o _ 3含量之和約占土壤礦質部分的92 ，礦質元素含量的順序依次為： sio _ 2 al _ 2o _ 3 fe _ 2o _ 3 k _ 2o mgo cao tio _ 2 mno 。In view of this situation and the characteristic of qualitative variable as well as quantitative variable of the geological factors affecting coal seam affusion, put forward the application of numerical theory on the basis of optimization study of orthogonal design to confirm the optimal combination of the technical parameters of coal seam affusion when geological factors is in precarious state and then proceed optimization study with instances
針對這種情況及影響煤層注水的地質因素既有定性變量，又有定量變量的特徵，本文在利用正交設計優化研究的基礎上，提出利用數量化理論確定地質因素為不穩定狀態下的煤層注水工藝參數的最優組合，並結合實例進行了優化研究。Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet - parameter on evaporator. fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio - parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping
本文的主要內容如下： 1 ）對翅片管蒸發器結構特點進行分析，選取適當的微元控制體，就干、濕和霜工況下對每個微元分別進行傳熱傳質分析，基於經驗關系式確定霜的有關參數，對于霜工況下的霜生長建立模型，經適當假設，運用質量守恆、能量守恆和動量守恆方程建立適合動態模擬的蒸發器數學模型，為系統模擬奠定基礎； 2 ）對蒸發在大擾動下的開、停機過程，運用動態集中參數模型進行分析和計算，為更好地描述製冷系統運行的全過程奠定基礎，同時也為製冷系統實現自動控制提供一定的理論基礎； 3 ）對蒸發器正常運行過程，運用動態分佈參數和參數間定量耦合的觀點來分析和計算，為更好地了解穩態工況下各點參數的變化情況及各入口參數對蒸發器動態特性的影響即蒸發器性能對各參數變化的敏感性； 4 ）編寫翅片管蒸發器動態特性模擬計算程序，可以計算不同邊界條件和初始條件下的製冷劑熱力參數、空氣溫濕度和霜厚度分佈場，實現對翅片管蒸發器在干、濕和霜工況下的動態模擬。Grounded on analysis to the supervisory and regulatory practice in the usa, hong kong, common wealth and some other countries or distracts, the article holds the opinion that, to realize supervision to the deeds of stock market manipulation, the special entity shall be granted comparatively abroad and flexible power to stipulate regulatory rules and executory power that can provide regulators system and means to exert its professional supervision beforehand and its regulation in time. based on the above construe, with a view of the status in quo in our country, the article concludes on possible, approaches and ways for our country to consummate our supervision and regulation of stock market manipulation
股票市場操縱行為的上述特徵使許多特定行為在不同時期、不同市場以不同形態出現，許多操縱行為與合法行為之間的界線不斷變化，基本的證券立法不可能對全部的操縱行為進行詳細規定，必須依賴監管者發揮其專業監管能力，正確處理保護投資者利益和維護市場有效性之間的，他們在2003年7月初步完成了題為（ （ whatw0rksinsecuritieslaws ） ） （ nberw0rkingpaper9882 ， july2003 ）的研究報告In this study, genetic diversity of various strains of spirulina platensis is analyzed with rapd molecular marker and antibiotics marker, the results are compared with their morphologic characters, aimed at constructing a more reasonable classification criterion and knowing more about the genetic background of spirulina. additionally, it is found that under the cultivated condition the linear filament can retransite to the normal curved one which is similar to original spiral filament
本論文利用rapd分子標記及抗生素抗性標記分析了不同鈍頂螺旋藻品系的遺傳多態性，並與其形態學特徵進行了比較，以期建立更合理的螺旋藻分類方法及加深對螺旋藻遺傳背景的了解；同時，發現在養殖環境下變直藻絲體可以回變為正常螺旋形態的現象。Abstract : the theory of variable structure control of sing ular nonlinear control systems was considered based on the singular nonlinear systems itself by employing the method of geography, and gives the sufficient condition of existence of variable structure control and approximation theory of real sliding mode. it is shown that sliding condition only guarantee the slow - varying state of real sliding mode approach that of ideal sliding mode but not guarantee the fast - varying state of real sliding mode approach that of ideal sliding mode. the method applied for studying normal nonlinear system can not be used directely to singular nonlinear system
文摘:利用幾何方法，從廣義非線性系統本身出發，研究了廣義非線性控制系統的變結構控制理論，給出了系統存在變結構控制的充分條件及實際滑動模的近似定理.從所得結論可知，滑動條件僅能保證實際滑動模的慢變狀態趨近於理想滑動模的慢變狀態，而不能保證實際滑動模的快變狀態趨近於理想滑動模的快變狀態，研究正常非線性系統的方法已不能簡單地被利用到廣義非線性系統The systematic and synthetic description and review of lianas, chiefly in tropic, are described and reviewed in this paper, in which some ecological questions of lianas are included distributed as follows : ( 1 ) the conception and significances of lianas ; ( 2 ) liana flora and its distribution in the world ; ( 3 ) its biological characteristics ; ( 4 ) its ecological characteristics ; ( 5 ) its abundance ( density ) and species - richness in tropical forest ; ( 6 ) the ecological significance of lianas - aggregation in gap and the variance of its abundance in the process of forest succession ; ( 7 ) the relationship between lianas and trees ; ( 8 ) the positive and the negative contribution of lianas to tropical forest ; ( 9 ) the types of climbing mechanism of lianas and its competitive predominance ; ( 10 ) global climate - variance ( co2 increase ) promotes abundance of lianas to increase, and some ecological consequence are resulted from which
摘要對藤本植物（以熱帶為主）研究的動態與發展進行了綜述，其中包括： （ 1 ）藤本植物的概念及重要性； （ 2 ）藤本植物區系和分佈； （ 3 ）藤本植物的生物學特性； （ 4 ）藤本植物的生態學特性； （ 5 ）藤本在森林中的多度（密度）及種的豐富度； （ 6 ）藤本在空地上聚生的生態意義以及它們在森林演進過程中的消長； （ 7 ）藤本與樹木的相互關系； （ 8 ）藤本對森林正面和負面的影響； （ 9 ）藤本的攀援方式類別及其競爭優勢； （ 10 ）全球氣候變化（ co2濃度增高）促進藤本優勢度增長並導致不良的生態後果。The results showed that : ( 1 ) the average scores of the three tests were 2. 96, 2. 84 and 2. 79, with a fall point scale of 4. ( 2 ) there were positive correlations among the three tests of professional commitments ; also, positive correlation was shown between organizational satisfaction and professional commitment on the third test. ( 3 ) the scores for overall nursing professional commitment decreased significantly one year after graduation, but there were no significant changes from one year to two years after graduation. ( 4 ) there was a significant relationship between the changes in professional commitment and grades of hospital, but no significant relationship with job category or work unit. ( 5 ) organizational satisfaction influenced the decrease in professional commitment from nursing students before graduation to two years after graduation ; it also changed professional commitment from one to two years after graduation significantly
結果顯示： （ 1 ）護理專業承諾三次得分依次為2 . 96 ， 2 . 84 ， 2 . 79 ，滿分為四分: （ 2 ）三次專業承諾互相呈顯著正相關，畢業二年時之專業承諾與機構滿意度呈顯著正相關； （ 3 ）畢業一年與二年時的專業承諾均比畢業前顯著降低，但畢業一年與二年時之專業承諾間無顯著差異； （ 4 ）畢業二年專業承諾的改變不因工作性質、科別不同而有差異，但因醫院型態不同而有差異； （ 5 ）機構滿意對從畢業前到畢業后二年專業承諾的降低有顯著影響，對畢業后一年與畢業后二年間的專業承諾改變亦呈顯著影響。So a new method ? scale analysis method ( or called fractal analysis method ) is applied to study the flood of jialing river basin. the scaling hypotheses is applied to the relationship of annual maximum flood and drainage area. and basing on the scaling lognormal model with two parameters introduced by smith, a lognormal model with three parameters of flood is introduced to represent the scale effect of drainage area in annual flood peak distributions
在洪水區域分析中一般採用洪水指標法，但該法的基本假定與實際情況存在矛盾，因此本文採用一種新的分析方法? ?標度分析法（或稱為分形分析法）來研究洪峰的區域變化，將標度不變性引入年最大洪峰流量? ?匯流面積關系中，並將其用於嘉陵江流域的洪水，另外，本文在smith提出的具有標度性質的二參數對數正態分佈模型基礎上創造性地提出了三參數對數正態分佈模型來表徵年最大洪峰流量分佈中匯流面積的尺度影響。Equality condition of retaining the independence of normal random variables under linear transformation
正態隨機向量線性變換獨立不變性的充要條件Because die common fault detection method for sensors, residual x2 test, is insensitive to gradual - change - fault detection, a kind of residual x 2 test based on moving subnormal state is presented, and its validity is testified by mathematical simulation results, as shown in figures 5. 2 through 5. 5. with regard to the lag of soft fault detection, a kind of system reconstruction tactic based on hierarchic alliance structure of federal filters is proposed. mathematical simulation results, as shown in figure 6. 10, show the validity of isolating fault by using the tactic
西北工業大學沁士學位論文們要一個研究指出常用的傳感器故障檢測方法?一殘差x 『檢驗法對漸變性故障檢測的不敏感性，提出一種基於移動偽正常狀態的殘差檢驗法，並通過數學模擬驗證該方法對漸變性故障檢測的有效性；提出一種基於遞階聯合濾波器結構的系統重構策略，並通過數學模擬驗證該策略對故障隔離的有效性。A new method, which is based on the force equilibrium condition and the geometrical compatibility condition of cable, according to the constant unstressed length of cable, is presented in this paper to determinate the geometric of suspension bridge free cable. numerical examples with humen suspension bridge are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed method
根據索的力的平衡條件及變形相容條件，由纜索無應力長度不變的原則來建立纜索狀態方程，提出了懸索橋主纜空纜狀態線形分析的一種新方法.以虎門懸索橋為例對該方法的正確性和適用性進行驗證，可供橋梁工程技術人員設計參考Abstract : a new method, which is based on the force equilibrium condition and the geometrical compatibility condition of cable, according to the constant unstressed length of cable, is presented in this paper to determinate the geometric of suspension bridge free cable. numerical examples with humen suspension bridge are given to demonstrate the effectiveness and the validity of the proposed method
文摘:根據索的力的平衡條件及變形相容條件，由纜索無應力長度不變的原則來建立纜索狀態方程，提出了懸索橋主纜空纜狀態線形分析的一種新方法.以虎門懸索橋為例對該方法的正確性和適用性進行驗證，可供橋梁工程技術人員設計參考Empirical analysis shows that changes in exchange rates do not follow normal distribution but fractal distribution ; fractal r / s analysis indicates that changes in exchange rates are not a random - walking process, but a biased random process, that exchange prices are not independent of each other, but continuous in state, and that changes in exchange prices are cyclical
實證分析表明，外匯匯率變化不服從正態分佈，而是服從分形分佈；運用r / s方法對匯率變化進行分形分析后得出，外匯匯率變化不是一個隨機遊走的過程，而是一個有偏的隨機過程，匯率價格之間不是相互獨立的，而是具有狀態持續性的，匯率價格的變動具有周期性。( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test
在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。It is complicate and evolves with the trading institute. the market is persistent at whole, but the persistence has been becoming weaker and weaker. and the market has not only a long stable non - periodic cycle related to policies a little, but also has a short unstable cycle caused by policies, which causes persistence and reversion in short term
也就是說，收益率分佈既非正態也非自相似，它是復雜的，並且還隨交易制度的變革而演化；從總體而言市場是具有持續性的，但持續性明顯經過了一個由強轉弱的演化過程；市場不但有一個不受短期政策影響的穩定的非周期循環，而且還有一些由短期政策沖擊造成的不穩定的循環點，導致了短期的持續與反轉。3. the effect of measurement error is considered as gauss white noise. through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, damage assessment results are also subject to gauss distribution. furthermore, results indicate that the mean keeps intact, but the standard deviation is linear to error level
3 、將測量誤差的影響考慮為正態分佈的高斯白噪聲，通過理論分析和數值模擬，說明用靈敏度分析法識別結構損傷時，損傷識別結果也服從高斯正態分佈，其平均值保持不變，而方差則與誤差水平成線性關系。This paper focuses on the research of fuzzy control, especially rule self - adjusting fuzzy control method. by theoretic analysis and simulations, the influences of parameters and system performance characteristic of some kinds of rule on - line self - regulating fuzzy control methods are discussed, and a novel real - time self - adjusting fuzzy control method ( vsrsafc ) is proposed from the diagrammatic point of view. in vsrsafc, the slope of the rectifying curve of rule scaling factor a is altered by the fine - tuning and coarse tuning combined mechanism to adjust the fuzzy control rules according to error e and error change ec, which more coincides with characteristic of system response than the conventional self - adjusting method that adjusts rule scaling factor only according to the error e, and has better static and dynamic performances than the latter
其中變斜率規則自調整模糊控制的效果較為明顯，它是基於插值的非線性規則自調整模糊控制的引申以及常規全論域規則自調整模糊控制的改進，該方法採用粗、細調結合機制，通過改變規則調整因子的修正曲線斜率，使系統同時根據誤差e以及誤差變化ec在線調整模糊控制規則，比傳統的僅基於系統誤差e的自調整方法更符合系統響應特性，可獲得更好的動靜態控制性能，特別是對于系統參數發生改變、控制參數選取不當等不良狀況，控制器仍能較快自調整，具有較強的在線自適應能力。In the model of the evaluation of the economic effect of financial innovation, the financial innovation products take electronic technology as the carrier, and we assume that they are not affected by the fluctuation of the interest and exchange rate, the disturbance term is subjected to normal distribution, and the saturating amount is one time of using the product per person within a certain range
在促銷方面，專家或親朋推銷和公共關系促銷是最佳途徑，這是由金融創新產品的迅速變現性和安全心理決定的。在金融創新產品經濟效應評價模型中，選擇以電子技術為載體的金融創新產品，並假設：不受匯率、利率變動的影響，干擾因素服從正態分佈，飽和量為一定范圍內人均使用一次。In rtbac, users execute permissions to access fixed data and tasks to access flowing and varying data such as documents being approving. rtbac can renew authorization in time according to the flowing and use of data in workflow systems. a formal description and an analysis of rtbac are given
並且在rtbac中：針對工作流的靜態特性：固定不變的數據如已經歸檔的公文不能進行修改、制發等操作，一般只能查看，故與存取權限相關，用戶通過執行相應的存取權限才能訪問，即傳統的rbac模型；針對工作流的動態特性：正在流動、不斷變化的數據如正在接受審批的公文則與任務相關，任務可以對此數據進行某種方式的存取。分享友人