水下土樣 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [shuǐxiàtǔyàng]
水下土樣
英文
underwater sample-
Conscious that the human organism, normally capable of sustaining an atmospheric pressure of 19 tons, when elevated to a considerable altitude in the terrestrial atmosphere suffered with arithmetical progression of intensity, according as the line of demarcation between troposphere and stratosphere was approximated, from nasal hemorrhage, impeded respiration and vertigo, when proposing this problem for solution he had conjectured as a working hypothesis which could not be proved impossible that a more adaptable and differently anatomically constructed race of beings might subsist otherwise under martian, mercurial, veneral, jovian, saturnian, neptunian or uranian sufficient and equivalent conditions, though an apogean humanity of beings created in varying forms with finite differences resulting similar to the whole and to one another would probably there as here remain inalterably and inalienably attached to vanities, to vanities of vanities and all that is vanity
人體組織通常能夠抗得住十九噸的氣壓169 ，可是一旦在地球的大氣層里上升到相當的高度，越是接近對流層與平流層的境界線，鼻孔出血吸呼困難以及眩暈，隨著算術級數就越發嚴重起來。他曉得這一點，尋求解答時就設想出這樣一個難以證明是不可能的行之有效的假定：倘若換個更富於適應性，解剖學上的構造也有所不同的種族，說不定就能在火星水星金星木星土星海王星或天王星那充足而相同的條件下生存下來。然而那個遠地點170的人類種族，盡管在構造方面與地球上的人類有著一定限度的不同之處，整個來說彼此卻有著相似的種種形態。From roundwood reservoir in county wicklow of a cubic capacity of 2, 400 million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of filter mains of single and double pipeage constructed at an initial plant cost of 5 per linear yard by way of the dargle, rathdown, glen of the downs and callowhill to the 26 acre reservoir at stillorgan, a distance of 22 statute miles, and thence, through a system of relieving tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the city boundary at eustace bridge, upper leeson street, though from prolonged summer drouth and daily supply of 12 1 2 million gallons the water had fallen below the sill of the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and waterworks engineer, mr spencer harty, c. e., on the instructions of the waterworks committee, had prohibited the use of municipal water for purposes other than those of consumption envisaging the possibility of recourse being had to the importable water of the grand and royal canals as in 1893 particularly as the south dublin guardians, notwithstanding their ration of 15 gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch meter, had been convicted of a wastage of 20, 000 gallons per night by a reading of their meter on the affirmation of the law agent of the corporation, mr ignatius rice, solicitor, thereby acting to the detriment of another section of the public, selfsupporting taxpayers, solvent, sound
但是由於夏季久旱，再加上每天供水一千二百五十萬加侖，水位已降到低於排水口。都市監察官兼水道局技官土木工程師斯潘塞哈蒂奉水道局的指示鑒于有可能會像一八九三年那樣被迫利用大運河和皇家運河那不宜飲用的水，除了飲用外，下令一律禁止使用市裡供應的自來水。尤其是南都柏林濟貧院，盡管限定用六英寸的計量器，每個貧民每日配給十五加侖水，然而在市政府法律顧問辯護律師伊格內修斯賴斯的監督下，經查表證實，每夜要浪費兩萬加侖水，從而使院外的社會各階層也就是自費並有支付能力的納稅者們蒙受損害。Abstract : this paper analyzes causal factors of flood in the middle reaches of changjiang river. due to neglection of environmental management, soil erosion in the upper and middle reaches of the changjiag river, lake sedimentation, large - scale reclamation of marshes, the flood regulation capacity of the lake was descended, and flood stage was risen and prolonged. consequently more and more river levees and lake dikes were reinforced almost every year to prevent the disasters, which made flood level go up and flood period last for more days. the frequency of flood and waterlogging disasters rose and their damage was enlarged. several proposals for flood prevention including agricultural modernization are put forward
文摘: 1998年長江大洪水后開始實施的「平垸行洪，退田還湖」的土地利用調整方案，從長遠來說應尋求農業安全且收入逐漸提高條件下的土地利用，長江中游地區應積極推進農業現代化，提高農業勞動生產率，轉移，減少分蓄洪區的人口，移民建鎮，對區內的土地要促進其規模經營，由優秀的有文化的農民經營，平時只有少量的直接從事農業生產的經營管理人員，農忙時則大量地使用季節性合同工或實現機械化，大洪水時退田還湖，減輕長江幹流大洪水的壓力，減少分洪與特大洪災時的損失，這樣還可促進避洪、冬季農業等的發展，也有利於長江中上游地區陡坡耕地的退耕還林，還可在糧食充足時進行休耕，在旱災、糧食緊張時擴大糧食生產?In typical watershed, quxi watershed, the result of external forcing, submerge and migrant, is the resource change of slope cultivated lands, economical forest, vegetation, water, habitant etc. of the ecosystem, and the changes of demand for food supplies, energy resource and education
移民區典型小流域? ?曲溪小流域，受淹沒、移民2個驅動力的作用，耕地、經濟林、植被、水、棲息地等資源發生了顯著變化，系統的糧食、能源、教育需求也隨之而變，在內在反饋機制的作用下，導致系統輸出為水土流失加劇、生物多樣性受到破壞、土地退化嚴重等。As the old specific water yield apparatus can not put up visually the influence of water level and its decrease depth on the specific water yield of incompact soil sample, a new apparatus is designed
摘要針對原有給水度實驗儀不能直觀反映地下水水位埋深及其降深對給水度影響的缺點，設計了能採用柱體法測定鬆散土體試樣的給水度的實驗儀。The humankind is troubled seriously by a series of environmental problems, such as air pollution, ozonosphere destruction, glasshouse effect, acid rain, water pollution, land pollution and soil erosion and so on. all of these will stop our economy developing
大氣污染、臭氧層破壞、溫室效應、酸雨頻繁、水污染、土地污染、水土流失、草原退化、森林急劇減少、珍稀動植物滅絕、沙漠急劇擴大等一系列環境問題嚴重困擾著人類，各種公害接二連三地侵襲人類，再這樣下去，經濟將變成無源之水、無本之木。6 diversity fragmentation and evenness of ecological landscape in fukang increase with more utilization and development. the change of landscape pattern about land utilization is mainly area variation of plantation and wasteland in pluvial fan and alluvial plain, the key influence factors are the dynamic of soil moisture and salinity under the development of water and land resource
6 、在阜康各景觀帶中，隨人為開發利用程度的增強，景觀多樣性、破碎度和均勻性增加；荒漠綠洲土地利用景觀生態格局的變化，集中體現在位於洪積扇與沖積平原的耕地和荒地面積變動上，關鍵影響因子是水土資源利用下的土壤水鹽動態變化。Abstract : soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and erman ' s birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in erman ' s birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in erman ' s birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and erman ' s birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
文摘:為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and ermans birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in ermans birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in ermans birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and ermans birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil
為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25Descending into the grotto, he lifted the stone, filled his pockets with gems, put the box together as well and securely as he could, sprinkled fresh sand over the spot from which it had been taken, and then carefully trod down the earth to give it everywhere a uniform appearance ; then, quitting the grotto, he replaced the stone, heaping on it broken masses of rocks and rough fragments of crumbling granite, filling the interstices with earth, into which he deftly inserted rapidly growing plants, such as the wild myrtle and flowering thorn, then carefully watering these new plantations, he scrupulously effaced every trace of footsteps, leaving the approach to the cavern as savage - looking and untrodden as he had found it
然後，走出洞來，把那塊石頭蓋回原處，在上面堆了些破碎的巖石和大塊的花崗石碎片，又用泥土填滿石縫，移了幾棵香桃木和荊棘花種植在這些石縫里，並給這些新移種的植物澆些水，使它們看起來象是很久以來就生長在這兒的一樣，然後擦去四周的腳印，焦急地等待他的同伴回來。他並不想整天地去望著那些黃金和鉆石，或留在基督山島上，象一條似的守護著那些沉在地下的寶藏。The dispersibility as well as seepage distortion and salt transference under long - term seepage condition of soil samples obtained from the clay core wall in xijiao and sanping reservoirs were studied by physical and chemical properties of soil and composition of clay mineral and the tests for identification of dispersive clay soils which included double - hydrometer test, pinhole test, crumb test, tests to defermine salt content of pore water and percentage of exchangeable sodium
摘要應用碎塊、針孔、雙比重計、孔隙水可溶鹽和交換性鈉百分比等五種試驗方法，結合物理化學性質和礦物成分分析，對西郊、三坪兩水庫大壩心墻土樣進行了多種方案的分散性試驗及長期滲流條件下的滲透變形試驗和鹽分運移試驗。Through measuring slope forms on the spot, serried sampling, physical and chemical analyzing, and measuring soil erosion from natural and artificial rainfalls, the project researched in the approaches and behaviors of soil erosion affecting contents of soil carbon and nutrient, and the law of soil carbon and nutrient distributing in micro - topographty under influences of soil erosion. in the same time, supported by geographic information system, models of soil carbon and nutrient changing with soil erosion have been built, and spatial processes of soil erosion affecting soil carbon and nutrient have been simulated, and annual and long - term changing of soil carbon and nutrient under impact of soil erosion have been estimated and forecasted, and synchronously, a elementary assessment for different soil erosion management has b een performed by using the models built in the study
本研究以三峽庫區秭歸縣水田壩鄉王家橋小流域四個徑流試驗區二十個標準小區為研究對象，通過坡形實地測量、坡面密集采樣的顆粒分析和養分含量分析以及人工模擬降雨實驗，研究了土壤侵蝕對土壤碳和養分的影響途徑和表現，侵蝕作用影響下土壤碳和養分在微地形空間的分佈規律；同時，在地理信息系統的支持下，建立了侵蝕條件下的土壤碳和養分變化模型，模擬了侵蝕對土壤碳和養分影響的空間過程，預測了侵蝕影響下土壤碳和養分的年變化及多年變化，並通過研究建立的模型對不同侵蝕控制措施進行了初步的效益評價。Creep property of undisturbed and reconstituted japanese clay was presented based on drained triaxial compression tests
摘要研究了黏土的未擾動和重塑土樣在三軸排水剪切試驗條件下的蠕變特性。Based on the concepts of elastic wave velocity of skeleton and reinforced cohesion, the effect on the velocity by soil density with different saturation was distinguished from that by weakened reinforced cohesion ; on the condition of same confined press and saturation, the elastic wave velocity was measured before and after soil samples were dynamically loaded, so that the elastic wave velocity changed by dynamic load was distinguished from that by soil. nature characteristic
（ 9 ）通過試驗運用了骨架波速和黃土加固凝聚力的概念，將飽和度的增加引起土體密度的增加對波速的影響與水破壞加固凝聚力對波速的影響區分開來；在相同的壓力和飽和度（近似）條件下，採用動力作用前後分別測試彈性波速的方法，將動力荷載對加固凝聚力的破壞作用與土樣自身的顆粒組分對波速的影響因素區分開來。Regarding the food and water pathway, hko, with the assistance of other government departments, routinely collects representative air, water, soil and food samples figure 2 and analyzes them at hko s radiation laboratory at king s park figure 3
至於監測食物及食水的照射途徑方面，天文臺在其他政府部門的協助下，定期收集空氣水泥土和食物中代表性的樣本圖2 ，並在位於京士柏的輻射測量室進行分析工作圖3 。Regarding the food and water pathway, hko, with the assistance of other government departments, routinely collects representative air, water, soil and food samples ( figure 2 ) and analyzes them at hko s radiation laboratory at king s park ( figure 3 )
至於監測食物及食水的照射途徑方面，天文臺在其他政府部門的協助下，定期收集空氣、水、泥土和食物中代表性的樣本（圖2 ） ，並在位於京士柏的輻射測量室進行分析工作（圖3 ） 。The plants growing on the land surface can be affected by the occurrence and movement of water and salt in the aeration zone. in order to understand the characteristics of occurrence of water and salt in the aeration zone, we installed three tensionmeter systems. which includes 35 ceramic cups, in the soil of ejnqi oasis on the downstream of heihe river in inner mongolia province. the moisture potential distribution in aeration zone was observed, and the samples of water and soil were collected along the heihe river
為了了解綠洲包氣帶水分、鹽份的分佈特徵，我們在黑河下游的內蒙古額濟納旗綠洲安裝了3組35支負壓計，觀測包氣帶中的水土勢，並沿黑河河谷從下游的額濟納旗到中游的張掖採集土樣和水樣，測試土壤的易溶鹽和潛水的化學成分，從包氣帶中水土勢和鹽份兩個方面來研究乾旱地區水分和鹽份在包氣帶中賦存和運移規律。In this dissertation, the engineering properties of the nano - al2o3 and nano - tio2 reinforced cement - stabilized soil are respectively studied through the laboratory experiments. based on testing data, the unconfined compressive strength ( ucs ) of nanometerial - al2o3 reinforced cement - stabilized soil ( narcss ) is firstly analyzed in different nanomaterial mixing ratio, cement mixing ratio, curing - period, water content, w / c ratio, etc., and then the stress - strain relationship of narcss is given. the variation of the ucs of nanometerial - tio2 reinforced cement - stabilized soil ( ntrcss ) is also given in different nanometerial mixing ratio and curing period
根據試驗結果，首先分析了納米材料al _ 2o _ 3摻入比、齡期、土樣含水量、水灰比等對摻納米材料al _ 2o _ 3水泥土強度的影響，並給出其應力應變關系（本構關系）和一定條件下的最佳配比；其次，分析了納米材料tio _ 2摻入比、齡期等對摻納米材料tio _ 2水泥土強度的影響；最後，通過比較前人的研究成果，對分別摻入納米材料al _ 2o _ 3 、納米材料tio _ 2及納米材料sio _ （ 2 - x ）的水泥土強度進行了對比分析。( 3 ) study of triaxial test of dry soil and the formation of shear band in triaxial specimen of fly ash. because the digital image processing technique can directly measure the axial and radial deformation of soil specimen in any moisture, general triaxial apparatus can be used to do the triaxial test of dry soil. in the study of the triaxial test of dry soil, the stress - strain characteristic is compared with that of the saturate soil at the same condition
（ 3 ）干土的三軸試驗以及粉煤灰三軸試樣剪切帶形成的試驗研究：利用土樣變形數字圖像測量技術可以直接量測任意含水量土樣的軸向和徑向變形，對干土和飽和土進行三軸試驗，比較了干土和相同條件下飽和土的應力應變特性。The direct shear tests indicate that the strength of the soils is affected obviously by the quantity of the water in the specimens. the dynamic triaxial tests show that the strength reduces and the pore water pressure increase with the rising of vibration times
在室內對土樣進行了顆粒分析、滲透、直接剪切、振動三軸等試驗；通過直剪試驗成果，分析了斜坡土體的抗剪強度指標在不同含水量情況下的變化規律。分享友人