法向值 的英文怎麼說

Meanwhile, using this apparatus measured soil containing water data from plane and section, and using software arc view insert value analyzed by distance inverse ratio measure, the result is very good

同時，還用該儀器從平面與截面這兩個方向測量了土壤含水率，並用arcview軟體進浙江大學碩士論文中文摘要行了距離反比法插值分析，取得了較好的結果。

A few appropriated part of the funds and invested them in municipal infrastructure lacking commercial value, plunging them into severe financial difficulties and disabling them to repay the principal and interest on their loan to the creditor banks or financial organizations. as a result, the borrower and lender came into commercial dispute, with some of the borrowers even declaring bankruptcy

但有些公司透過地方政府的擔保，或者以土地抵押形式，在香港依法向海外金融機構取得貸款，少數公司更將部分資金挪用於缺乏商業價值的市政建設上，最終因為經營不善和其它原因，陷入財政困難，無法依期向債權銀行或金融機構償還本息，產生商業糾紛，有些更宣布清盤。

A normal transform is introduced, and there are enough much grids in the region between the critical layer and the wall, where the variation of the disturbance is the quickest. the finite - difference of governing equations with fourth - order accuracy in the normal direction is utilized in full regions including points close the wall, and is very important for accurately discreting equations. the combination of global and local methods is implemented, and a new iterative formula is derived

對于曲線坐標系下的拋物化穩定性方程，文中發展了求解的高效數值方法:引進法向變換，使得在臨界層與壁面之間的擾動量變化最快的區域有更多的法向網格點;導出包含邊界鄰域在內的完全四階精度的法向有限差分格式，這對方程精確離散至關重要;採用全局法和局部法相結合的方法及其新的迭代公式，大大加速收斂並得到更精確的特徵值。

Geometric modelling : algorithms and new trends, g. farin ed., siam, philadelphia, 1987, pp. 235 - 246. 20 loop c. smooth spline surfaces over irregular meshes

3構造擬插值曲面，它覆蓋四邊或三角域上的曲線網格並部分插值于其上法向量。

Through a systematic research, the author enter to provide the theoretical basis for selecting reasonable index of normal frozen - heave forces and the technology for preventing and controlling frozen damage

通過系統研究，渴望為季節凍土區涵閘類水工建築物基礎板的設計部門提供法向凍脹力值的設計指標，以便做到基礎的合理淺埋和進行抗凍脹設計。

Finally, in the third section, by constructing some functional which similar to the conservation law of evolution equation and the technical estimates, we prove that in the inviscid limit the solution of generalized derivative ginzburg - landau equation ( ggl equation ) converges to the solution of derivative nonlinear schrodinger equation correspondently in one - dimension ; the existence of global smooth solution for a class of generalized derivative ginzburg - landau equation are proved in two - dimension, in some special case, we prove that the solution of ggl equation converges to the weak solution of derivative nonlinear schrodinger equation ; in general case, by using some integral identities of solution for generalized ginzburg - landau equations with inhomogeneous boundary condition and the estimates for the l ~ ( 2 ) norm on boundary of normal derivative and h ~ ( 1 ) ' norm of solution, we prove the existence of global weak solution of the inhomogeneous boundary value problem for generalized ginzburg - landau equations

第三部分：在一維情形，我們考慮了一類帶導數項的ginzburg ? landau方程，通過構造一些類似於發展方程守恆律的泛函及巧妙的積分估計，證明了當粘性系數趨于零時， ginzburg ? landau方程的解逼近相應的帶導數項的schr （ ? ） dinger方程的解，並給出了最優收斂速度估計；在二維情形，我們證明了一類帶導數項的廣義ginzburg ? landau方程整體光滑解的存在性，以及在某種特殊情形下， gl方程的解趨近於相應的帶導數項的schr （ ? ） dinger方程的弱解；在一般情形下，我們討論了一類ginzburg ? landau方程的非齊次邊值問題，通過幾個積分恆等式，同時估計解的h ~ 1模及法向導數在邊界上的模，證明了整體弱解的存在性。

The primary of linear induction motor which drives the metro is installed on the chassis bogie, and because it is quite strict with laying down railway rail to use flat linear induction motor to drive metro, its secondary - - - - reaction board ( called induction board ), which is a kind of compound board of aluminum and steel, is fixed on the rail sleeper between the track. it is the airgap which is a gap between the primary and secondary of lim. the electromagnetic airgap is a very important parameter of lim

利用有限元法對直線感應電動機二維非線性渦流場進行了數值計算，並在此基礎上，運用電磁場有限元分析的專用軟體ansoftmaxwell2d對單邊型直線感應電動機的瞬態特性進行了模擬分析，得到電機運行過程中的電磁推力、法向力、初級電流、氣隙磁密等曲線，通過改變直線電機參數，分析了電機氣隙對其瞬態性能的影響。

On the base of milling ball interaction during milling process, the powder height of each collision can be calculated. if the impact of milling ball takes as hertz elastic collision, the maximum real strain and the maximum tangential strain are obtained as follows, e, . , ln [ h, / ( h0 ? vrcos6 / 2 ) ] = vrsin6 / h0 ? / q, t2rt2 / 2om ~ h, j where s, p, v are maximum real strain, the maximum tangential strain, friction coefficient and the velocity of milling ball

對球磨過程中磨球相互作用作了一些假設后，可以計算出每次碰撞所獲得粉末體高度值；將磨球的碰撞作為hertz彈性碰撞，碰撞時的速度分解為法向速度和切向速度得出粉末的最大真應變和最大切應變為湖南大學材料物理與化學專業碩士論文r 。

At present, the research on the retroactivity of criminal law, the field of domestic theory concentrating on more concretes problem in the administration of justice, judging the case as it stands, seldom probe into the criminal law value behind the retroactivity of criminal law, has made the trouble of attending trifles and neglecting essentials, and not solve the problem method from macroscopic

目前，國內理論界在關于刑法的溯及力問題的研究中，多集中於司法中的具體問題，就事論事，很少探究溯及力問題背後的刑法價值取向，犯了捨本逐末的毛病，沒有從宏觀上探求解決溯及力問題的方法。

In this dissertation, for the need of engineering, berchand surface is put forward and studied which is refined and enhanced from the common characteristics of gyration surfaces, developed surfaces and normal circular - arc helical surfaces. according to which, many kinds of important surfaces can be structured

論文從工程需要出發，提出並研究了白川德曲面，這是對回轉面、可展面、法向圓弧螺旋面共性特徵的提煉與升華，據此可以構造和發展出各種有重要應用價值的曲面。

Directly painting textures on top of 3d objects in 3d perspective viewport is a new issue of human - computer interface ( hci ). this paper presents a method to solve this issue. it converts the position information of the texture pixels of texture map into color information ， and then transfers both the coordinates and the color of texture pixels into screen through texture mapping at the same time. only is the color information of texture pixels converted into illumination by calculating the normal and the angle of ray incidence of the screen pixel in the method. the texture coordinates are firstly converted into the color information by generating another texture map ， which is called information map whose pixels ' color represents the coordinates information. and then the corresponding texture coordinates are mapped into screen reference frame by texture mapping and stored into information buffer for later use. so we can obtain the texture coordinates of screen pixels correspondingly by decoding from information buffer. after optimizing ， we can paint textures on top of 3d objects in 3d perspective viewport in real time. the paper also gives some examples and related definitions of using additional information of 2d texture map for 3d graph generating

針對三維逶視投影視圖中對三維物體表面紋理直接進行噴繪，以獲得復雜紋理圖這一計算機圖形交互技術這一新問題，研究了一種將紋理圖的象素位置信息轉換成彩色信息，然後利用紋理映射將紋理坐標連同該點上的顏色值一起傳遞到與屏幕象素對應的可見點上的方法，其中顏色值依該點處的入射光線方向和表面法向被進一步轉換為光強值，而紋理坐標則被解碼后還原成與該可見點對應的紋理坐標，被存入信息緩沖器中，供以後使用，通過解碼，可根據屏幕點直接得到對應紋理象素點的坐標，經過演算法優化，實現了對三維物體表面紋理的實時噴繪；同時闡述了在三維圖象生成技術中使用附加紋理信息的應用實例以及相關定義

The main work completed in the paper is listed as following : 1. image function acquisition -, 2. read bmp files by dib format ; 3. drawing gray scale histogram ; 4. choose a optimum threshold and make gray image become binary image -, s. find image ' s contour points by making inner points become empty and apply template matching on the contour points ; 6. transform the object ' s beginning points ( pixel point ) to the ones in the image coordinate and the positions of in the corresponding three dimensions ; 7. compute the position vector and the normal vector of the object

選擇一個最佳闋值，把灰度圖像進行二值化處理； 5用掏空內部點法，找到圖像的輪廓點，然後在輪廓點上進行模板匹配； 6把輸出的目標物開始點（像素點）轉化成圖像坐標系中的點和對應的三維空間的坐標位置； 7計算目標物的位置矢量和法向矢量，根據機器人抓取面的法向矢量，找到機器人要抓取的平面； 8

The maximal value point s problem of a convex function on a closed convex subset in locally convex space is considered by using the level set of function, - subdifferential and - normal cone. it gives several equivalent characters on the optimal solutions of the problem

利用函數的水平集， -次微分和-法向錐等工具研究局部凸空間的凸函數在閉凸子集上的最大值點問題，給出了最優解的幾個等價刻劃

The integrated identification of fractures with the bpo interpretation of logs and the 3d seismic fracture interpretation technology were used to predict the development and distribution rules of fractures in ve rtical and plane directions of mesozoic reservoirs of baigezhuang region. the plane distribution of the stress fields of different major oil reservoirs determined with finite element numerical simulation provides a theoretical foundation for the research of the plane distribution of the fracture. thus, the quantitative prediction of the tectonic fractures is possible

本文應用測井參數的bp神經網路裂縫綜合識別方法、三維地震裂縫檢測技術，預測了柏各莊地區中生界儲層平面或縱向上裂縫的發育分佈及規律；並用有限元法數值模擬技術展示出不同主力油層的平面古應力狀態，為研究裂縫的平面分佈規律提供了理論依據；在此基礎上，依據巖石破裂準則進行了構造裂縫定量預測。

When a ferromagnetism items is under the application of stress, the phenomenon that the tangential component of magnetic leakage field has maximum value and that the normal component of magnetic leakage field changes polarity and acquires zero value at the stress concentration zone will take place

鐵磁性工件在受到應力作用時，在應力集中處會有漏磁場的切向分量出現最大值、同時法向分量改變符號且過零值點的現象。

Crime of medical accident is one typical offence of vocational negligence. some problems it contains such as the legislation value tropism and the criminal negligence are characteristic

醫療事故罪是一種典型的業務過失犯罪，其中涉及到的立法價值取向、犯罪過失等問題都很有代表性。

The interact regularity of each heave force on the slab - foundation is obtained

它們為工程設計選用合理的法向凍脹力值提供了依據。

Set if the column contains a persistent row identifier that cannot be written to, and has no meaningful value except to identify the row

如果列包含無法向其寫入的持久性行標識符，並且除了標識行外沒有其他有意義的值，則應設置該值。

According to the effective field expression which has been derived in former, the phenomenon that the tangential component of magnetic leakage field has maximum value and the normal component of magnetic leakage field acquires zero value at the stress concentration zone of positive magnetostriction ferromagnetism materials under the application of tensile stress and negative magnetostriction ferromagnetism materials under the application of compressive stress is explained theoretically through analyzing and discussing

根據所得到的地磁場中受力鐵磁性材料有效場表達式，通過分析討論，解釋了受拉力作用的正磁致伸縮鐵磁材料和受壓力作用的負磁致伸縮材料在應力集中處漏磁場切向分量出現最大值、同時法向分量為零值的現象。

Fluent is based on finite volume method, which is different form the widely used traditional analytical solution and numerical method based on finite element method and finite difference method, and its advantage is the high computational efficiency and precision

目前針對徑向軸承和止推軸承靜特性的研究，多採用簡化的解析方法或數值解法，數值解法主要是有限元法和有限差分法，計算效率較低。