法向導數 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎxiàngdǎoshǔ]
法向導數 英文
noral derivative
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 導 : 動詞1. （引導） lead; guide 2. （傳導） transmit; conduct 3. （開導） instruct; teach; give guidance to
  • 數 : 數副詞（屢次） frequently; repeatedly
  1. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed

    研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。
  2. It compute the parameter of deflexion caused by thermal distortion in orbit, deduce the general expression for spreading beam after thermal distortion of reflector and the center deflexion of facula received in ccd. with the method of fixing etc, it put forward the restrain measures adopted accordingly

    計算了在軌運行條件下反射鏡面熱變形引起的表面法向偏轉參數，推導了鏡面變形后出射光線的通用表達式以及鏡面變形前後在ccd探測器上的接收光斑中心偏轉量的計算表達式。
  3. As the directional derivative defined in this paper does n ' t show convexity, when its properties are considered, it is necessary to search for new ways to reach the conclusion

    本文定義的廣義方向導數在一般情況下不具有凸性，因而研究其性質時，要採用新的方法來得到類似的結論。
  4. Used perturbed method and making inexact generalized gradient projection with cone, perturbed generalized gradient projection method is proposed. the field of the algorithm is extended. numerical experiments show that the method is effective. secondly, using the trust region form and the pseudo - directional derivative of minimax problem, we propose the trust region form of minimax problem

    對信賴域法作了進一步的研究，藉助minimax問題的偽方向導數，構造出其信賴域二次模型，並結合非單調策略，給出求解minimax問題的簡單易行的信賴域演算法。
  5. Finally, this thesis discussed these following questions : first, the algorithm of used the error image for improving the purpose of the edge detection. secondly, we have transformed the solved question of the first and the second directional derivative to frequency domain and founded they have a single formulae in frequency domain. thirdly, we have described the singular signal and the noise by using the correlations of the neighbor data after wavelet transform

    最後，在傳統的邊緣檢測演算法和小波分析的邊緣檢測演算法之外，對以下幾個方面也進行了一些討論： 1 ）利用誤差圖像來提高邊緣檢測效果的演算法； 2 ）將求解任意方向的一階、二階方向導數的問題轉換到頻域中去求解，發現在頻域中它們具有簡單易用的公式，使得原來求解任意方向的一階、二階導數的比較困難的問題變得容易實現了。
  6. Presents a new method for fairing of curves which has a small flexibility based on fitting the derivative of second order of curves. we fit the derivative of second order of curves by a polynomial fitting, then find an indefinite integral of this polynomial to get a approach of curves. otherwise, we discuss the analyze of the error and the optimize of fairing to this arithmetic

    提出了一種針對小撓度曲線的逆向曲線光順演算法，該演算法直接擬合曲線型值點列的二階導數曲線，然後通過兩次積分來反求出光順后的曲線，並對該演算法的誤差分析、效果分析、光順優化等問題進行了深入探討。
  7. Aspheric optical compound machine tool ( aocmt ) which integrates grinding, lapping and polishing is developed. the influences of motion errors on grinding accuracy are analyzed. according to homogeneous coordinate transition model, the postposition processing algorithm in multi - axis numerical control machining is deduced

    3 、研製了集銑磨成型、研磨、拋光於一體的光學非球面復合加工機床（ aocmt ） ，分析了各種運動誤差對銑磨精度的影響；根據空間齊次坐標的變換模型，推導出多軸數控加工的後置處理演算法；通過五軸數控聯動， aocmt機床能夠以法向方式加工出任意復雜的光學表面，銑磨精度穩定在8 m之內。
  8. According to the moving characteristics of tracklayer, when the vehicle is on ramp and the ground ' s vertical pressure is linear, the calculating formulas of relationship between the deviation of the instantaneous steering center, the position of vehicle ' s gravity, steering radius, moving velocity, moving acceleration, and vehicle ' s orientation, were obtained by the theory and method of vector analysis in mathematics and mechanics

    摘要根據履帶式車輛的運動特點，運用數力學中矢量分析理論和方法，推導了接地比壓為線性分佈時履帶式車輛在斜坡上轉向時，瞬時轉向中心偏移量與車輛重心位置、轉向半徑、行進速度、加速度、車輛方位相互關系的計算公式。
  9. On the part of the design of nine - component thrust vector stand, an automatic hydraulic pressure original position calibration system, a scheme of original position calibration, and the great rigidity universal flexible combinatorial underprop are designed. by using the scheme of “ universal flexible combinatorial underprop plus software digital filter ”, the inherent frequency of test stand is improved, and the problem of test stand libration is solved. then, the resolving method of the disturbance between underprops of the moveable frame is proposed, and the disturbance revise equation is deduced

    在推力矢量試車臺設計方面，設計了自動液壓原位校準系統、原位校準方案以及大剛度萬向柔性組合支撐;採用「萬向柔性組合支撐+軟體數字濾波」的方案，提高了試車臺動架的固有頻率，解決了試車臺動架的振動問題;提出了動架約束互擾問題的解決方法，推導了互擾修正方程;研究了九分力推力矢量測量誤差分析方法，並計算了推力矢量測量精度。
  10. In this thesis hydraulic experimental studies and theoretical analyses on the vortex - flow drop shaft were conduced and the following results were accomplished : ( 1 ) in the model test some hydraulic characteristics including the shape of air core in the center of the drop shaft, the radial distribution of water flow velocity and the distribution of pressure on the wall of the drop shaft were measured under the condition of high water head above 250m and large discharge above 1400m3 / s. ( 2 ) a kind of computational method for the spiral water flow in the air core region of drop shaft was discussed and applied and the results agree the experimental data well. ( 3 ) the total ratio of energy dissipation in the drop shaft can reach 90 % and the energy dissipation in every region was discussed quantitatively

    本文通過試驗研究與理論分析對旋流式豎井泄洪洞應用於高水頭、大泄流量情況時存在的一些水力學問題進行了研究和探討，取得以下主要成果：一、結合小灣工程導流洞改建，對高水頭（ 252m ） 、大泄流量（ 1400m ~ 3 s ）條件下旋流式豎井中的水流運動特徵進行了比較全面的測量，包括空腔形態、徑向流速分佈及井壁壓強等；二、提出了豎井空腔段螺旋水流水力計算方法，其計算結果與實測值吻合良好；三、利用試驗與計算結果，對旋流式豎井的消能機理進行了探討，對豎井各部分的消能能力有了總體認識；四、對豎井下部消力井的合理井深進行了優化試驗研究，發現消力井合理深度為0 . 9d左右；五、通過試驗研究，歸納出豎井水流總摻氣量估算方法，為導流洞排氣方案的設計提供了參考依據；六、在高水頭、大流量條件下，豎井空腔段下部流速很高，盡管水流螺旋運動引起的離心力可以確保井壁壓強保持正壓，但空化數依然較低，因此豎井的空化空蝕始終是工程界關注的重大問題。
  11. Its main contributions include the following several aspects : firstly, the dissertation constructs the mathematic model of short baseline orientation determination using two geostationary satellites and analyses the applicable conditions of carrier phase interferometry. orientation determination precision is analysed in depth through both the conventional linearized method and monte - carlo computer simulation method, and the mathematical simulation results show that the linearized method has the shortcoming of fairly low elevation error analysis precision in high latitude area so as not to be very appropriate there. by analyzing the definite factors influencing orientation precision, the dissertation develops the concept of orientation dilution of precision, which uncovers the internal cause of exotic error behavior of bi - satellite orientation, and has important guiding significance for practical engineering applications

    本文系統地研究了基於「北斗一號」衛星載波相位干涉測量原理實現地球靜止雙星定向的相關技術，主要研究成果包括以下幾方面:首先，建立了利用兩顆地球靜止軌道衛星進行短基線定向的數學模型，分析了載波相位干涉測量的適用條件;採用傳統的線性化解析法及蒙特卡洛隨機模擬法兩種途徑對雙星定向的精度進行了詳細分析，數學模擬結果表明在高緯度地區線性化解析法由於俯仰角誤差分析精度略有下降而不太適合;在分析定向精度確定性影響因素的基礎上，提出了雙星定向精度衰減因子odop的概念，揭示了雙星定向誤差特殊表現的內部機理，對實際工程應用具有重要的指導意義。
  12. A normal transform is introduced, and there are enough much grids in the region between the critical layer and the wall, where the variation of the disturbance is the quickest. the finite - difference of governing equations with fourth - order accuracy in the normal direction is utilized in full regions including points close the wall, and is very important for accurately discreting equations. the combination of global and local methods is implemented, and a new iterative formula is derived

    對于曲線坐標系下的拋物化穩定性方程，文中發展了求解的高效數值方法:引進法向變換，使得在臨界層與壁面之間的擾動量變化最快的區域有更多的法向網格點;導出包含邊界鄰域在內的完全四階精度的法向有限差分格式，這對方程精確離散至關重要;採用全局法和局部法相結合的方法及其新的迭代公式，大大加速收斂並得到更精確的特徵值。
  13. They include the framework of product long - distance maintenance guiding system, fault diagnose, automatically making of maintenance technics, the query of information and the visual leading. according to b / s model, the author puts forward system structure of product maintenance guiding system based on network. the dissertation introduces the main technologies for the realization of maintenance guiding system, the data structure of product fault and order of disassembly and assembly, and the way to get the preliminary data

    本論文對產品維修向導系統的幾個部分：包括產品維修向導系統的體系結構、故障診斷、維修工藝的自動生成、資源信息查詢和可視化引導的有關技術進行研究；根據web技術b / s模式結構和產品維修過程提出基於網路的產品維修向導系統的體系結構；介紹了維修向導系統的具體實現中的一些主要技術和產品故障數據結構、拆裝順序數據結構的設計以及這些數據表的原始數據獲得方法；對產品故障診斷採用的決策樹方法作了介紹；重點對產品故障診斷和產品各零部件的拆裝順序關系以及資源信息的查詢進行了實現；針對轎車卡板式門鎖，開發了產品維修向導系統的實例。
  14. This paper, based on normalizing well logging data while drilling and correcting depth into true vertical depth and calculating reservoir parameters and etc, combining the practical ease of mobei oilfield, extracted logging and geological pattern characteristic of target oil - gas formation and geosteering mark formation, and used bp neural network and regressive analysis to create predicting mode of geosteering parameter to build relevant contrast curve ; adopted geometry geosteering method to fix on die drilling direction of bit upper and declination, the position in reservoir, to judge the real drilling case. all finely solved the problem to follow the geological target while drilling for three horizontal well these methods improve the drilling horizontal well ability by using the techniques to follow the geological target while drilling, and then it is convenient and practicable

    本文在開展隨鉆測井資料的標準化和斜井校正及儲層參數解釋與含流體性質判釋等工作的基礎上，結合研究工區莫北油田的實際情況，提取了目標油（氣）層和導向標志層的測井地質模式特徵，並採用bp神經網路法和回歸分析法建立了地質導向參數的預測模型、構造了相應的對比曲線；採用幾何導向法確定鉆頭上下傾鉆進方向及其在目標層的位置，以判斷實際鉆進地層情況，很好地解決了研究工區三口水平井的隨鉆跟蹤地質目標的問題。
  15. Finally, in the third section, by constructing some functional which similar to the conservation law of evolution equation and the technical estimates, we prove that in the inviscid limit the solution of generalized derivative ginzburg - landau equation ( ggl equation ) converges to the solution of derivative nonlinear schrodinger equation correspondently in one - dimension ; the existence of global smooth solution for a class of generalized derivative ginzburg - landau equation are proved in two - dimension, in some special case, we prove that the solution of ggl equation converges to the weak solution of derivative nonlinear schrodinger equation ; in general case, by using some integral identities of solution for generalized ginzburg - landau equations with inhomogeneous boundary condition and the estimates for the l ~ ( 2 ) norm on boundary of normal derivative and h ~ ( 1 ) ' norm of solution, we prove the existence of global weak solution of the inhomogeneous boundary value problem for generalized ginzburg - landau equations

    第三部分：在一維情形，我們考慮了一類帶導數項的ginzburg ? landau方程，通過構造一些類似於發展方程守恆律的泛函及巧妙的積分估計，證明了當粘性系數趨于零時， ginzburg ? landau方程的解逼近相應的帶導數項的schr （ ? ） dinger方程的解，並給出了最優收斂速度估計；在二維情形，我們證明了一類帶導數項的廣義ginzburg ? landau方程整體光滑解的存在性，以及在某種特殊情形下， gl方程的解趨近於相應的帶導數項的schr （ ? ） dinger方程的弱解；在一般情形下，我們討論了一類ginzburg ? landau方程的非齊次邊值問題，通過幾個積分恆等式，同時估計解的h ~ 1模及法向導數在邊界上的模，證明了整體弱解的存在性。
  16. Second, this paper analyzes the relation of reactive support service with voltage, power limit curve, transaction amounts. according to the power limit curve, this paper analyzes the source of the reactive cost to get an interzone cost function. using marginal cost theory, it concludes that the reactive spot price is the derivative of the cost function in generator buses

    另外，本文還從發電機角度上分析了無功服務與電壓、功率限制曲線、發電機向負荷傳輸電能大小的關系；根據功率限制曲線對發電機無功成本的來源進行詳盡剖析，從理論上確定一個分區間的成本函數；並依據短期邊際成本理論可推出，計算發電機節點的電價可採用無功成本函數的偏導數的方法。
  17. This paper uses compare principle to show that there exists at most one of classical solution for ( 1 ), while the existance of solution is obtained through continuous method. to get the required a priori estimates except the double normal derivatives, we adopt the method in [ 3 ], and the double normal derivatives on dq are achieved by barrier constructions and applying skill of [ 2 ]

    本文用比較原理證明了問題（ 1 ）至多存在一個古典解，應用連續性方法，得到了問題（ 1 ）古典解的存在。在得到所需的先驗估計時，利用了[ 3 ]中的方法建立了除去邊界二階法向導數外的先驗估計，通過構造閘函數，用[ 2 ]中的技巧得到在邊界（
  18. This dissertation studies mainly approximations to special classes of set - valued maps and their applications, in order to compute differentials of some class of set - valued maps and to solve basis theories of constructing high - ordered methods of nonsmooth functions. then results obtained in this dissertation are applied to optimality theories in optimization

    本文針對研究非光滑函數的高階演算法的理論基礎和集值映射的微分的計算的課題，主要研究幾類特殊類型的集值映射的（方向）導數的計算與近似，並將得到的結果應用到優化的最優性理論中。
  19. Next, in the interior of the patches, surface fitting points and cross boundary derivatives are estimated from the reference curves by constructing virtual iso - parametric curves

    其次，在曲面片內部，曲面擬合點和邊界方向導數可以從參考曲線中通過構建虛擬等參線的方法得到。
  20. The dependence of superlattice thermal conductivity on period length is investigated by nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation

    摘要採用非平衡態分子動力學方法模擬了超晶格的法向導熱系數隨周期長度的變化關系。
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