法定推論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎdìngtuīlún]
法定推論 英文
presumption of law
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 定 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （平靜; 穩定） calm; stable 2 （已經確定的; 不改變的） fixed; settled; established Ⅱ動詞...
  • 推 : 動詞1 （向外用力使物體移動） push; shove 2 （磨或碾） turn a mill or grindstone; grind 3 （剪或削...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 法定 : legal; statutory法定安培 legal ampere; 法定貶值 official devaluation; 法定標準 statutory standard...
  • 推論 : ratiocination; sequitur; inference; triangulation; extrapolation; deduction; corollary
  1. They accepted that changes to ownership rules, and to “ cabotage ” rights that prohibit european airlines from operating on american domestic routes, were not on the table ? but decided to press ahead regardless

    他們同意，所有權法案，以及禁止歐洲航空公司在美國運營境內航線的航空運輸業限制，對這些的修改都不在討論之列，但是，他們決定無論任何都要推進對這些修改的談判。
  2. An introduction to descriptive and inferential statistics, including measures of central tendency and dispersion, elementary probability, simple correlation and regression, tests of hypotheses, and nonparametric methods

    統計學為?集、整理、陳示、解釋資料，並可由樣本的統計量推論母體母數，俾能在不確定情況下，做成決策的科學方法。
  3. This dissertation takes feuerbachs meticulous logical structure as masterstroke, explains his whole deduction process, which from the conception of civil penalty to the theory of psychological coercion, again from law deterrence to the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime. and it also states that, feuerbach takes the external behavior for condemnatory object, obviates the intervention of sentiment, abandons moral punishment or moral principles, moreover, excludes judiciary arbitrariness by means of law restriction, besides, emphasizes law deterrence and creates the theory of psychological coercion, and as a result establishes the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime

    本文以費爾巴哈嚴謹縝密的邏輯結構為主線，梳理了其從市民刑罰概念的構築到心理強制說的提出、再到確定刑罰法規中法律威懾思想的確立直至罪刑法定主義原則的整個推論過程，闡釋了費爾巴哈把客觀的、外部的行為作為處罰的對象，排除情操的介入，把法律置於可罰性的絕對根據之中，擯棄道德性刑罰或道德性原理，通過把法官約束在法律之中的方式排斥了法官的恣意專斷，又強調法律的威懾，創立心理強制說，從而確立了罪刑法定主義的刑法思想。
  4. According to the principle of " the synthetic distribution of punishment ", the author poses the concept of " the circumstance of distribution of punishment ", and taking the error making method, compares the " robbery of housebreaking " with there circumstances : the criminate, the sentencing, and the distribution of punishment, it is conclude that the " robbery of housebreaking " should not be regarded as the circumstances of crime or the sentencing discretion, even though there are some barriers in the theory conclusions as a circumstance of distribution of punishment, so we can conclude that the " robbery of housebreaking " can not be considered as the legal circumstances, it must be the circumstance of distribution of punishment even if it is regarded as the legal circumstances. in the process of jurist and legislation, we must strictly grasp the approval standards of the " house ", recognize and deploy the legal sentence of " robbery of housebreaking " correctly,

    根據「統一配刑論」的原理，筆者提出了「配刑情節」的概念，並採取歸謬法，將「入戶搶劫」同時置於定罪、量刑、配刑三種語境下進行比較，得出「入戶搶劫」既不應該是犯罪情節，也不可能是量刑情節，作為配刑情節也存在理論障礙的結論，進一步推斷出「入戶搶劫」不應該作為法定情節，即使作為法定情節也應該是配刑情節的結論，而且在司法和立法中應從嚴把握「戶」的認定標準，正確認識和配置「入戶搶劫」的法定刑，防止罪刑失衡，還對具體案件和審判實踐中要解決的幾個問題提供了參考方案。
  5. Therefore, this dissertation based on the pre - research defense projects of “ research on longevous service and high reliability of satellite ” of the national tenth - five - year plan, study the method of uncertainty inference, and the application of rough set theory in the development of the satellite fault diagnosis system, the main content of this dissertation is as follows : first, this paper incorporate the status in quo of the technology of fault detecting and diagnosis and the artificial intelligence ( ai ), realize the newest trend of the technology of fault detecting and diagnosis is that using the technology of artificial intelligence to solve the certainty and uncertainty problem in the actual engineering area

    為此，本文以國家武器裝備「十五」預研「衛星長壽命高可靠技術」研究項目為背景，研究不確定性推理理論中的粗糙集理論在衛星故障檢測和診斷中的應用，並開發相應的系統。主要研究內容包含以下幾個方面:論文首先結合故障診斷技術及人工智慧技術的發展現狀，明確了故障診斷的發展方向是使用人工智慧的最新研究成果去解決實際應用中更為常見的各種確定和不確定問題。分析了解決不確定推理技術的主要方法及各自的原理並進行了比較。
  6. A new fractal - based infrared image feature extraction method is presented and the detailed theoretic analysis and implement procedure of this algorithm is submitted and tested in some experiments. with the limitation of the line detection based on traditional hough transform that the information of the length and the end points of the line is unavailable, a new algorithm which makes use of the accessional strategy based on precognition information is put forward to meet the demand for more information of the line, simulation results show this method is effective. finally, the whole process of airport target recognition is presented and the result images are also given

    使用分形方法提取目標的特徵，在知識指導下，提出了一種基於目標特徵模型的降維的形態學分形維數計算方法，對傳統分形方法進行了改進，從理論上推證了演算法的合理性，並對演算法進行了模擬分析；針對傳統hough變換無法獲得線段端點和長度信息的局限性，提出了一種基於目標特徵先驗知識的hough變換融合策略，通過引入目標先驗知識，可以有效地獲得直線信息；對信息多而復雜的機場目標採用基於知識的目標識別方法，使用置信度模摘要型實現不確定推理，對目標進行識別判斷，將知識貫穿于整個識別過程中，對目標進行了有效地識別。
  7. In the framework of the generative grammar, the government and binding theory provides us evidence of the classification of these sentential types semantically and syntactically : the argument structure and epp determine the obligatory elements at the sentential level, morphological rules and the case theory motivate the production of some derived sentence types

    生成語法管約論框架內分析了劃分的語義和句法依據，謂詞的題元結構和epp決定了句子層面的必有成分，同時形態規則的作用和滿足格理論還會推導出一些衍生句式。
  8. This paper discussed constructive fault principle when it clarified connotation of “ unreal asset accreditation ” ; it clarified that the cause is neglecting the particularity of asset accreditation, on the basis of analyzing the legislation, justice and theory about the civil liability of asset accreditation agency

    本文在澄清「驗資不實」的內涵的過程中論述了驗資機構民事責任的推定過錯責任原則;在對以往驗資機構民事責任的立法、司法及理論進行分析的過程中，論證了問題的癥結在於忽略了驗資自身的特殊性。
  9. On slope stability analysis by imbalance thrust force method

    邊坡穩定分析中關于不平衡推力法的討論
  10. Concerning the fundamental content of public summons, the author firstly shows us its concept, and then searches some systems in roman law and germanic law which do not belong to the system of public summons but contain the function of public summons. after that, the author elaborates the option of the law to the means of public summons, and points out that registration is the means of public summons for real property and that of personal is possession. furthermore, the author gives us the four characters of means of public summons and the four kinds of legal validity of public summons

    關于公示的基本內容，筆者首先交待了公示的概念；然後到羅馬法和日耳曼法上尋找具有公示機能而不是公示制度的一些內容；接著論述了法律對公示方法的選擇；揭示出了不動產物權的公示方法為登記，動產物權示方法為佔有；緊接著論述了公示方法應當具有的四個特點：公開性、準確性、法定性、統一性；最後簡單介紹了公示的法律效力：形成力、對抗力、推定力、公信力。
  11. The relation of absorption of nano - metal sols and the addition of dispersants, as well as the rule of absorption of nano - metal sol added by dispersants concomitant to placing time were systematically investigated by means of uv - vis. the results show that, the suitable dispersant to nano - iron / ethanol sol is 0. 035 % polyoxyethylene ( 10 ) lauryl ether ( op - 10 ), but in the case of nano - tungsten / ethanol sol, 0. 13 % neotelex maybe is of more benefit to its disperse stability. the observation of tem shows the best evidences

    Uv - vis法理論分析結果表明，對于納米鐵溶膠，添加0 . 035的非離子型表面活性劑十二烷醇聚氧乙烯醚可以達到良好的分散穩定性；而對于納米鎢溶膠，最理想的分散劑則是0 . 13的陰離子表面活性劑十二烷基苯磺酸鈉，電鏡觀察結果完全證實了該推論，顯示5天後的納米金屬溶膠仍然保持良好的分散狀況。
  12. By adopting concept map and fuzzy theory, the author raises a new kind of reasoning way for every agent in the student model

    通過運用概念圖、模糊理論，設計出學生模型中各agent的不確定推理演算法。
  13. By improving on sherlock ii method and adopting concept map and fuzzy theory, the author raises a new kind of reasoning way for every agent in the student model

    作者通過改進sherlockii方法，運用概念圖、模糊理論，設計出學生模型中各agent的不確定推理演算法。
  14. What flow is that, we use model simulation to analyze the em algorithm contraction ratio. through network simulating, we analyze the factors which can influence loss inference algorithm accuracy like measurement strategy or routing algorithm. we analyze the accuracy and contraction characteristic of multicast - based direct algorithm and em algorithm, and compare the error factor between them

    實驗中通過網路模擬模型，確定了em演算法的收斂速率;研究了不同測量策略和路由器擁塞避免演算法對丟包率推理演算法準確率的影響;分析了單點多播的de和em演算法準確性、收斂性等特徵，通過比較兩種演算法的統計誤差，得出em演算法略優于de演算法的結論。
  15. Based on the comprehensive research on the theory and practice of insider trading in foreign countries, hong kong and taiwan, the thesis puts foreword that the assumed liability system shall be applicable to insider trading in line with the general tort theory. in consideration of the constitutional elements, the thesis also brings forward that the damage facts shall be measured by actual loss, the deduction of cause and effect : relationship shall be regulated in line with law, and that the existence of default shall be inferred from the strict objective standard

    在對國外和我國港臺地區關于內幕交易民事責任理論和實踐進行綜合比較的基礎上，本文依據侵權責任的一般理論，提出內幕交易侵權責任應適用過錯推定責任原則，在內幕交易民事責任要件方面提出以實際可得財產損失確定損害事實、以法定的推定方式證明因果關系、以嚴格的客觀標準來判斷過錯存在的基本作法。
  16. At the stage of comparison of drafts, according to the fact of water resources in laiwu city, and the case of the water replenished together with used in qiaodian reservoir, it analyses that the water level heightened is necessary and feasible. it sums up an easy, rational and facile means that can be generalized in water design units at grass roots, according to choosing a best scheme by fuzzy comprehensive judgement. in the course of designing engineering, it has obtained the results such as the seepage of dam bottom, verifying the safety of dams, and the design of reinforcement, so that it ensures the safety on the engineering, and achieves the aims of prospective

    在方案論證階段，根據萊蕪市水資源狀況及喬店水庫來水用水情況，分析了抬高興利水位的必要性和可行性，採用模糊數學綜合評判的方法，總結探討出一種簡單合理，易於操作，在基層水利設計單位具有一定推廣價值的方案優選辦法；在工程設計中，主要對大壩壩基滲漏，大壩安全校核及加固設計進行了計算，並對大壩加固設計進行模糊優選，保證了工程安全，達到了預期的目的。
  17. Chapter v to vii are core parts of the dissertation. on the base of dividing chinese rural households " consumption into three stages since 1954, chapter vi respectively sets up chinese rural households " consumption function models under the traditional system and transforming economy system. in this chapter, the author uses econometrics to verify the hypotheses on consumer behavior and consumption function and some related problems

    在第五章將1954年以來的中國農戶消費分成三個階段，並推論出農戶消費函數假定的基礎上，第六章分別構建了傳統體制及轉軌經濟體制下分地區、分時期的中國農戶消費函數模型，並運用計量經濟學方法檢驗了所提出的消費者行為和消華中農業大學博士學位論文:中文摘要費函數假說、模型及相關問題。
  18. But this is on the assumption that the community will accept the bad money and not demand the good money as a medium of exchange

    當然，以上的推論是建基於大眾會接受劣幣例如是通過法律規定，不會硬要以良幣作為交易媒介的假設。
  19. This land of technique has great defects, which arise from equilibrium interpretation of market by competitive equilibrium theory. the deductions from the disparity between real economic life and ccm have logic problems when they are used as guide of formulating economic policy

    這種方法存在很大的缺陷，它來自於作為其基礎的競爭性均衡理論對市場所作的均衡論解釋，而其根據現實經濟生活與完全競爭模型的差距所得出的推論，在用作制定政策的指導時存在邏輯上的問題。
  20. In the second chapter, we explicate the theoretical knowledge, bayes statistic approach, which be applied in the paper, we show the definition of the prior distribution and how to select the prior information, we show the relation of prior distribution, conditional distribution and posterior distribution, we also show statistical inference approach and the key of how to use bayes statistic approach

    第二部分內容是本文應用理論知識的簡要闡述，介紹了貝葉斯統計方法的理論，分別說明了先驗信息的定義及如何獲取，后驗分佈、條件分佈和先驗分佈三者關系，統計推斷方法及貝葉斯統計方法應用的關鍵。第三部分內容是對坦克射擊學中外彈道學的修正理論作了簡要的介紹。
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