法律的實在性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [fǎlǜdeshízàixìng]
法律的實在性 英文
reality of laws
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 實 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （內部完全填滿 沒有空隙） solid 2 （真實; 實在） true; real; honest Ⅱ名詞1 （實際; 事實...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  • 實在 : [方言] （of work） well-done; done carefully
  1. There are some outer and inner reasons, such as monopoly system, latent guarantee from state credit, long period of governmental intervention, imperfection of law, arrangement on the property right of state - owned banks, management system, and personnel system etc., which lead to the phenomenon, that is, stability of surface, imperfection of internality

    銀行業壟斷體制、國家信用的隱性擔保、政府長期干預、法律的不完備等外在體制上的原因和國有銀行產權安排、經營體制、人事制度等內生性因素共同導致了國有銀行信用外觀堅實、內在缺失的現狀。
  2. At the same time the article also analyzes the novation and the dischargement of liability for wrongs in conclusion of contract. on the theoretical basis of it, the article put forward the principle of good faith as its authoritative foundation, both in essence and in form. it directly stipulates the liability for wrongs in conclusion of contract as an analytic level view of petition

    在締約過失責任的理論基礎方面，從實質和形式兩層意義上，本文提出誠實信用原則是締約過失責任的法源性基礎，法律的直接規定是締約過失責任的請求權基礎的層次分析觀。
  3. Meantime, it, in the light of concerned foreign views and the brand new reseach achievement on domestic civil fraudulent contract in recent days, accompanied by utilization of some cases in contract laws, has been paid much attention to demonstrating and analying the contents of civil offense, such as, reasons, features, classifications, key components, validity, legal duties and character. this thesis is expected to be taken advantage in the fields of stud } ', prevention and related rules on civil fraudulent conducts by exploiting contracts as well as unifiable institution of civil laws. moreover, we hope to attract more scholars and legal experts who wound like to draw their concerns to the fraudulent conducts by using contracts and eventually develop our national socialism market economy in a sound way

    本文以新《合同法》確定的誠實信用原則為切入點，圍繞合同民事欺詐，參照國外相關觀點及國內當前有關民事欺詐研究的最新成果，結合有關合同法案例，就合同民事欺詐的存在原因、特點及分類，構成要件，效力和法律責任及性質等四個專題進行了深入闡述和分析，對利用合同進行民事欺詐的研究、預防、適用法律等以及統一民法典的制定均有一定的參考作用，同時也期望以此文引起學者及法律專家對民事欺詐的關注和重視，推進我國社會主義市場經濟的健康發展。
  4. The implementation of this system for more man ten years clearly shows that the multi - channel institution of retrial does not produce the desired effects. the present retrial system modelled itself mainly on that of the former soviet union, its operation in china gives rise to more state intervention than individual disposal, more layman recognised truth than truth recognised by law, seeking justice in substantial law more than legal procedure, and finally brings about " numerous applicants, unlimited lapse of time, high frequency, confused jurisdiction, unmethodical causes of action "

    現行民訴法實施十多年的司法實踐表明發動再審程序主體的多元性並沒有產生預期的效果，由於現行的民事再審主要是參照前蘇聯模式，在再審程序的啟動上，強調國家干預權，忽視當事人處分權；在事實認定上，追求客觀真實，忽視法律真實；在糾錯上，注重實體公正，忽視程序公正；從而導致在實際操作中出現了啟動再審的「主體無限、時間無限、次數無限、審級無限、理由或條件無限」的不良現象。
  5. The other purpose of this report is to provide an anonymous case study in order to give a commercial sample in considering whether the results of ( a sample mnc company ) oa ' s international related party transactions in the review period has conformed to the " ami ' s length " principle contained in australia ' s transfer pricing law

    另案例研究報告考慮在檢討時期中的跨國集團的國際關連交易的結果是否已經遵照在澳洲轉移定價法律的公平原則（ arm ' slengthprinciple ） 。總結要點： （ 1 ）決定定價法的適切性取決于當時存在的商業營運事實為基礎。
  6. It should exert its function to the greatest extent, including accelerating the legislation of the antitrust law, establishing the proper competition law system, participating in the international antitrust cooperation, on the basis of choosing a practical goal, which is to acquire an advantageous status in the solution of international competition affairs and obtain china ’ s own competition interests

    要充分發揮國家職能，對內盡快出臺反壟斷法，合理建構我國的反壟斷法律制度;在確立符合我國國情和競爭權益的目標的基礎上，積極參與反壟斷國際合作，包括雙邊、區域性和多邊的合作，在國際競爭事務上爭取自己的一席之地，實現我國的國際競爭利益。
  7. It is held that the existence of second instance procedure depend on the benefit value and efficiency value of contentious procedure. section two emphatically analysed the systematic funtion of second instance procedure. it included mainly the relief capability and relief degree

    在第二節中，著重分析了第二審程序的制度功能，主要表現在對當事人提供事實的救濟和統一適用法律的救濟，並就救濟的必要性問題以及決定救濟能力和程度的具體方式問題進行了相應的研究。
  8. Third, based on the guarantee code and citing the related articles from the corporation code, the receipt code, the insurance code and the copyright code, the author discusses the range and classification of the pledge rights over rights. also in this part, the author gives some new ideas about the set and realization of the pledge rights over security creditor ' s rights, the characteristics of the pledge rights over genral creditor ' s rights, the set and effect of the pledge rights over stock, the punitive restrictions in the pledge rights over knowledge and the characters of the pledge rights over immovables ' profit

    第三，以我國《擔保法》為主，結合《公司法》 、 《票據法》 、 《著作權法》等法律的相關規定，對權利質權的法定范圍和種類進行了論述。在分析了權利質權和動產質權的異同點后，闡述了權利質權的特點和種類。在證券質權的設定既實現、一般債權質權出質人的權利特點、股份質權的設定及效力、知識產權質權的處分限制、不動產收益質權的性質等方面提出了很多獨到的見解。
  9. In addition, the case is also serious in abuse and false using of geographical indications, thus undermine the reputation and image of geographical indications. the fourth section is a highlight of innovation of the article. this part mainly analyzes and assesses the legislative mode of several geograph

    第四部分是本文的創新點，該部分首先對目前世界上主要的幾種地理標志立法保護模式進行了評析，指出我國目前以商標法為主，輔之以反不正當競爭法等法律的保護模式雖有一定的合理性，但無論是理論上還是在實踐中都存在許多無法解決的問題，其保護水平也無法達到trips協議的要求。
  10. The condition of realizable law is determined by the respective and mutual conditions of country and society. the country can make the law embodying social internal requirement emerge, change and develop effectual, timely only if it can play the role meeting with social internal requirement. the society can transfer the law required by society into the realizable law by country, the medium only if the society depends on itself

    國家與社會各自及兩者間的互動性狀態決定著現實中的法律的境況，國家只有扮演好自身的與社會在內在要求相適應的角色，才能使體現社會內在需求的法律適時而有效地產生、變革與發展；社會只有適度自立，才能使自身內在需求的法律通過國家這一中介而轉化為現實中的法律。
  11. It set on the background of the procurators and tells the real stories of people in legal enforcement, reflecting a good and positive image of procurators when they are defending dignity of law, which embodies completeness and authoritative of laws

    它以主訴檢察官辦案組為背景，真實再現了檢察官們在對犯罪嫌疑人審查起訴過程中的一樁樁曲折而又精彩的故事；全面反映了檢察機關維護法律尊嚴的良好形象；充分體現了法律的完整性、權威性。
  12. Abstract : the effectiveness of evasion of law is not only simply decided by the evasion of national or foreign law, but also decided by the probability of realization of the human ' s justifiable rights and interests which the evaded law can give, whether the hostility exists in the person ' s inclination, whether the main content is legitimate or worthy of sympathy, whether his activity can indicates or promotes progress of law

    摘要：法律規避是否有效，不能簡單地看所規避的是內國法或外國法的強制性或禁止性規范，還要看所規避的法律規范是否足以保證當事人的正當利益能夠實現，當事人主觀上是否存在惡意，其規避的事由是否正當或值得同情，其規避行為是否預示或促進法律的進步。
  13. Through analyzing the in - situ data such as total settlement, layered settlement and pore water pressure, the actual deformation behavior of soft foundation are mastered. after summarizing the methods of predicting settlement of soft foundation and bring forward a method to predict the post construction settlement of the surcharge preloading soft foundation. and the engineering application of the predicting foundation settlement based on “ law of massaction ” and the traditional predicting methods are compared, the results shows that the model is useable and it deserves more validation in more projects

    本文以深圳灣軟基處理工程試驗區為背景，通過對淺層沉降、分層沉降、孔隙水壓力等資料的分析，掌握了軟基變形的實際性狀;在總結軟基路堤沉降預測方法的基礎上，探討了軟基超載預壓工后沉降預測的參數反演法;並對地基沉降預測的「質量作用定律」模型的工程應用與傳統的預測方法進行了對比，驗證這種方法是可行的，得出了一些有用的結論。
  14. Civil laws that contravene the moral order are unjust, conflict with the possibility of achieving the common good, lack the true nature of law, and have no binding force in conscience

    違背道德秩序的私法是不正義的，是與共同善實現之可能性相抵觸的，是缺乏法律之真正性質的，是在良心上沒有約束力的。
  15. This article has been divided into five chapters, the contents of five chapters respectively are : the contents of the first chapter are about pollution compensation that oil leakage of the ships lead to in " maritime law " ; the contents of the second chapter are about delay delivery of the goods in " maritime law " ; the contents of the third chapter are about the cargo lien that the marine carriers have in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fourth chapter are about the rights that the shippers can change and terminate the contract unilaterally in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fifth chapter are about the limitation of liability for maritime claims system in " maritime law ". the contents of each chapter of this article are about a flaw of " maritime law ". as a result of the limit of article length and the limit of author ability, it is impossible to analyze the article of " maritime law " gradually, the article is only about five quite important flaws of " maritime law " to form five chapters, then we will introduce them gradually

    但是，隨著我國加入wto ，國際貿易和海上運輸迅速的發展， 《海商法》在實施中暴露出很多不足。因此，有必要遵循科學性、適時性和法制統一性等立法的基本原則，對《海商法》及時進行修改。筆者認為，應當認真總結《海商法》成功的經驗和失敗的教訓，從目前和今後一個時期海上和與海相通的內陸水域的運輸和經濟貿易的現實和發展對法律的需要出發，參照和借鑒其他民商立法、國際海事條約、民間規則和合同格式，以及國外先進的立法例，吸收海商法理論研究成果，並考慮國際海事立法的發展趨勢，在船舶油污損害賠償的規定，遲延交付的規定，海上貨物留置權的規定，托運人變更解除合同權利的規定，海事賠償責任限制制度的規定等幾個方面修改現行《海商法》 。
  16. At the same time, the applicability and error of different methods used in prefabricated plastic to calculate final settlement based on the field settlement data and to calculate percent consolidation were compared in this dissertation. the results could be a reference in choosing the method of calculating settlement and percent consolidation and to evaluate the error of results in other projects

    對目前根據現場實測沉降資料推算最終沉降的方法和常用的固結度計算方法在用於塑料板排水法時的適用性和計算結果的偏差規律進行了比較研究，可作為選擇計算方法和估計計算誤差的依據。
  17. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  18. The scientific nature means that the measures and equipments adopted in identifying are scientific, the explanatory basis and the standards of identifying and judging are scientific, besides, the principal parts who carry out the identification must be the experts mastering special scientific knowledge ; the legal nature refers to the administer justice identification must exist in the litigation process, its starting and carrying our procedures must conform to the requirement of law and also its conclusion is one of the legal evidence forms

    筆者認為，司法鑒定的基本性質在於其科學性和法律性，科學性指鑒定所採用的方法、設備是科學的，解釋的依據、鑒別和判斷的標準是科學的，並且實施鑒定的主體必須是掌握專門科學知識的專家；法律性指司法鑒定必須存在於訴訟過程中，其啟動和實施的程序必須符合法律的要求，並且其結論是法定證據形式之一。
  19. Currently, the various countries usually absorb and model other countries ’ valuable aspects, eliminate the malpractice which their countries ’ law system exists to promote their law system into positive cycle “ the ruling ever did not produce the law ” this traditional continental legal principle had already been broken through in the practice, the mainland legal system more and more took the legal precedent the function, carried on the supplement and the improvement unceasingly through the legal precedent form to some written laws, and secure also unceasingly introduced the new principle of legality and the spirit during the safeguard law stability

    當今，世界各國的普遍做法是吸收借鑒他國的長處，用以清除本國法律制度上存在的弊端並以此促進法律制度的良性循環。 「判決從不產生法律」這一傳統的大陸法原則在實踐中已經被突破，大陸法系國家越來越重視判例的作用，通過判例的形式不斷對即有的制定法進行補充和改進，在保障法律的穩定性和安全性的同時也不斷地引進新的法律原則和精神。
  20. The analytic positive law school holds that law with its independence is an actual existence, and that law is a rule system made by the government, with the nature of a pure technique and a tool, and, therefore it is not allowed to appraise law in the light of morality

    分析實證法學強調法律的獨立性，認為法律是一種事實的存在，法律是由國家制定的規則體系，它是一種純粹技術性和工具性的存在，不能從道德上對法律進行評價。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書