流動基因 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [liúdòngjīyīn]
流動基因
英文
flowing gene-
Cryptic species have been found in a wide range of marine organisms ; with majority of them are benthic invertebrates. in contrast, marine holoplanktons are thought to have lower diversity and slow speciation due to their strong dispersal potential. this paper reviewed studies on cryptic species and speciation in marine holoplankton. based on findings in 38 studied taxa, it was concluded that : 1 ) cryptic species are pervasive in marine holoplankton, suggesting holoplankton speciation was more active than previously thought ; 2 ) current morphospecies diversity is untenable to reflect true species diversity in marine holoplankton ; 3 ) geographic isolation may facilitate cryptic speciation of marine holoplankton. however, contribution of allopatric speciation is still questionable ; 4 ) ecological speciation may be the prevailing speciation mode in marine holoplankton. cryptic speciation in marine holoplankton is paradoxical, because rapid speciation under strong gene flow is countertuitive. solution of this paradox will help us gain deep insights of marine speciation and biodivesity
隱種廣泛存在於各類海洋生物中，尤其是底棲無脊椎動物.然而，海洋終生浮游生物由於具有較強的擴散能力，往往被視為生物多樣性低、物種形成慢.本文就海洋終生浮游生物隱種與物種形成的研究作一綜述.基於研究的38個種類，結果表明: 1 ）海洋終生浮游生物普遍存在隱種，其物種形成要比想象得快; 2 ）由於引種的廣泛存在，形態種生物多樣性無法反映海洋終生浮游生物真正的物種多樣性; 3 ）地理隔離有助於海洋終生浮游生物隱種的形成，但異域物種形成的作用仍值得商榷; 4 ）生態物種形成很可能是海洋終生浮游生物物種形成的主流模式.海洋終生浮游生物強基因流下快速的物種形成有悖于生物進化常理，解決該悖論將有助於我們對海洋物種形成和生物多樣性的理解Such factors as product trade, factor mobility, knowledge diffusion and technological diffusion make anfractuous relation lie in the system. so region is mutual related, not isolated. the economic growth of one region depends on not only its element devotion, but also growth traces of other regions
但是，區域經濟是一個開放的系統，產品貿易、要素流動、知識和技術擴散等因素使得這些系統之間存在著錯綜復雜的聯系，這決定了區域經濟體之間不是孤立存在而是相互聯系的，一個區域經濟的增長不僅依賴于本身基礎和要素的投入也依賴于其它的區域增長的軌跡。The paper describes isn as a nonlinear dynamic complexity system, and with self - organization characteristics. next, the paper constructs the structural model of ecological industrial chain by imitating the producer, consumer and decomposer in natural ecological system, and analyses the resources flow from the viewpoint of value chain. based on the theory of byproduct exchange, the paper put forwards four kinds of operation model of isn, and analyze them hi detail by using of the case study
模仿自然生態系統中的生產者、消費者和分解者構建生態產業鏈結構模型，從價值鏈角度分析了其中的資源流動；提出了生態產業鏈活性因子的概念，並運用這一概念對生態產業鏈的形成機理進行分析；基於副產品交換的特點，提出四種工業共生網路運作模式：依託型共生網路，平等型共生網路，嵌套型共生網路和虛擬型共生網路；通過對工業共生網路中資源流動的分析，揭示了副產品交換規律。After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc
研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。Gene flow the movement of alleles within and between populations of the same species through interbreeding
基因流動：同一種群內由於雜交或種內選擇使某一等位基因在該種群內擴散。The paper took guangdong travelling library automatic system selections type as example and carried out comparatively detailed introduction on choosing type process
摘要以廣東流動圖書館自動化系統的選型為實例，對基於因特網環境的圖書館集成管理系統選型過程及其應用進行了比較詳細的介紹。The template on international reserves and foreign currency liquidity provides a comprehensive account of the imf participant s foreign currency assets and drains on such resources arising from various foreign currency liabilities and commitments
國際儲備及外匯流動性數據範本是全面反映基金組織成員的外幣資產及因外幣負債與承擔引致該等資產流失的情況。With high frequency data and the market liquidity depth indicator vnet, the dynamic features and the determinative factors of market liquidity are studied, and the market microstructure theories are verified
摘要使用超高頻數據，並利用流動性深度指標，研究流動性的動態特徵、影響因素以及檢驗市場微觀結構理論，結果支持基於信息不對稱下的市場微觀結構理論。Analyze the yellow river estuary sediment transport and distributing affected factors, utilize the field measured data, based on the hydraulics, river hydrodynamic and statistics fundamental theory, analyze the estuary sediment transport and settling deposition regulation, yellow river estuary gate area sediment deposition mechanism and estuary delta coastline dynamic balance, and some important achievements acquired
研究報告分析了黃河河口泥沙輸移和分佈的影響因素，利用實測資料，運用水力學、河流動力學、統計學等基本理論和原理，對河口泥沙輸移及其分佈規律、黃河河口口門區域泥沙沉積機理以及河口三角洲岸線的動態平衡問題進行了分析探討，並取得了部分重要認識和進展。In this paper, in the premise of comprehending the concept of knowledgeable employees, taking knowledgeable employees as the studying object, aimming for the phenomenon and the characteristic of the knowledgeable employees floating, through discussing the influence of education level to individual, the characteristic of mentality and the rule of behavior that knowledgeable employees differentiate the general employees have been discussed profoundly, the factors of mentality, behavior and exteral for knowledgeable employees ' floating have also been analyzed. on the basis of the above, the encouragement mechanism of reasonable floating has presented aimly, which can meet the higher requirements and resolve foundationally the issue of the reasonable floating of knowledgeable employees
本文以知識型員工為研究對象，在明確理解知識型員工概念的前提下，針對知識型員工流動的現象及特點，通過探討受教育程度對個體的影響，深刻論述知識型員工區別於一般員工的心理特點與行為規律，分析知識型員工流動的心理因素、行為因素、外在因素，在此基礎上有針對性地重點提出對知識型員工合理流動的激勵對策，從而滿足知識型員工較高層次的需要，從根本上解決知識型員工合理流動的問題。But because of the fungibility between specified instruments and exchange fund bills and notes, a loophole existed in that there was a possibility that holders of specified instruments could create additional exchange fund paper without the normal backing arrangements for discounting at the discount window
但由於指定債務工具與外匯基金票據及債券之間的互換安排，因此存在一個漏洞，就是指定債務工具的持有人可產生額外的外匯基金票據及債券沒有正常的支持安排，以用作在貼現窗借取流動資金。The blade inner channel cooling is a complex convection - conduction coupling problem. this thesis build a three - dimension. compressible turbulence model, and give a general solve method. with the geometrical model of the glossily rectangle straight channel, the rectangle straight channel with in - line arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with staggered arrays disturb plates, the rectangle straight channel with slant disturb plates, this thesis compute the flow and heat transfer condition when the cold air path though these channels, and gain the temperature field, pressure field, velocity filed, in addition. this thesis also analyze the influence of the different channel height, the different channel materials, the different channels, and gain the function relation between he nusselt number, friction factor and reynolds number. this thesis is emphasis on the new heat transfer enhancement structure, that is, disturb plates, with the comparison with the glossily channel and channel with pin fins, the heat transfer enhancement effect of the former is better, and the conclusion can be used in the design of aircraft blade
葉片內部通道冷卻是一個復雜的對流?導熱耦合傳熱問題，本文在分析葉片內部通道冷卻的流動與傳熱情況的基礎上，建立了三維、可壓縮紊流的物理模型，得到了通用的求解辦法；利用不帶擾流片的矩形直通道、帶順排擾流片矩形直通道、帶叉排擾流片、帶傾斜擾流片的矩形直通道的幾何模型，計算了冷卻空氣通過這幾種通道時的流動與換熱情況，得到了各種不同情況下計算區域的溫度場、壓力場、速度場；在此基礎上分析了不同的通道高度、不同的葉片通道材質對葉片內部通道冷卻的影響，並整理得到了各種通道形式下，努謝爾數和阻力因子與雷諾數的函數關系；本文重點研究了新型的葉片內部通道冷卻強化傳熱措施?帶擾流片的內部冷卻通道的強化傳熱效果，通過與光滑矩形直通道、帶針肋通道的冷卻效果的比較，表明了這種新型鮚構的優勢，對于葉片內部通道冷卻結構的設計可以起到指導的作用。Research topics cover the basic and applied parasitology, including the major parasitic groups, pathogenic biology, host specificity, epidemiology, ecology, the control of parasitic infections, and biochemical and molecular parasitology, and ranging from host - parasite relationships of intrinsic biological interest to those of social and economic importance in human and veterinary medicine and agriculture
在整體和分子水平上，應用現代生物技術對危害人體和重要經濟動植物的主要寄生蟲（原蟲類、吸蟲類、絳蟲類、動物線蟲類、植物線蟲類及醫學昆蟲等）和由其引起的病蟲害進行研究，在病原生物學（包括生活史、媒介種類、基因組結構與表達調控等） 、流行病學、生態學，寄生動物與宿主間的相互作用關系等研究基礎上，實現對病原物的診斷、治療和控制。Thirdly, it simulated the pumping circuit & dividing circuit with the widely used software matlab / simulink. the displacement of the rod piston and the impact of hydraulic are analyzed in the different input flow ( frequency of pump ) and different reversing time. it found out the cause of hydraulic impact ( one - to - one incorrespondence between the response time of dividing circuit and the operation time of rod piston ), and gave some methods to weaken hydraulic impact. in the final part of the paper, the reliability of the theory analysis is further verified by the experiment of hydraulic system
首先在流變學原理的基礎上，深入分析混凝土在輸送管道內的流動狀態，得出混凝土泵的負載特性方程；然後根據功率鍵合圖的建模方法，建立泵送迴路和分配迴路的數學模型，並運用模擬軟體matlab simulink對泵送和分配迴路模型進行了模擬，分析了在不同的輸入流量（泵送頻率）和換向時間下，活塞桿的位移和系統的液壓沖擊情況，找到了引起液壓沖擊的根本原因（即分配迴路的響應時間（固定值）與活塞桿的運動時間（變化值）不相匹配） ，並提出了相應的改進方法。A method of fuzzy optimization design based on genetic algorithm is presented as a new method of parameter optimization design for dc double closed loop speed adjusting system. the method covers three steps. firstly, speed overshoot rate and settling time are chosen as performance indice according to the demand of engineering. these indice are normalized by using fuzzy membership function and then weighted to form objective function of optimization model of the system. secondly, the dynamic response curve of the system with corresponding parameters and peoformance indice are obtained by computerized numerical calculation and simulation. finally, parameters of engineering design are expanded as searching space ; and parameters of speed regulator and current regulator are taken as genes in chromosome. these genes in searching space are optimized to get best solution by way of genetic algorithm. as shown by experimental results, the parameters designed by this method are capable of significantly improving performance indice of the system, which proves that it is a practical and effective method
提出一種基於遺傳演算法的直流雙閉環調速系統參數優化設計方法.根據工程技術的要求，選用速度超調量和過渡時間作為參數優化性能指標.將該指標用模糊隸屬度函數歸一化，再加權平均形成系統優化模型的目標函數.採用計算機數值計算方法，通過模擬獲得系統對應參數的動態響應曲線及其性能指標.最後以工程設計的參數為搜索范圍，以速度調節器和電流調節器的參數為染色體中的基因，通過遺傳演算法在搜索范圍中優化這些基因，獲得優化解.實驗結果表明，所設計的參數能使系統性能指標有顯著提高The bank vulnerability has been matter of concern in the works of economic historian and the institutional school. the classical economists such as marx, marshall, keynes mainly describe and analyze bank crisis from the angle of economic cycle, minsky and kindleberger introduces the behavior factor of microscopic main body into the analysis of bank vulnerability. the development of the game theory and the information economics lay a solid foundation for stiglitz and weiss ' s study about bank vulnerability
銀行脆弱性問題在經濟史家和制度學派的著作中多有論及，馬克思、馬歇爾、凱恩斯等經典經濟學家主要從經濟周期的角度描述銀行危機的現象和原因，分別重視信用規模不穩定和社會流動性偏好的波動對銀行系統的影響，但馬克思將銀行信用危機看作是經濟危機的結果；明斯基、金德爾伯格引入微觀主體的行為因素對銀行的脆弱性進行分析；博弈論和信息經濟學的發展最終為斯蒂格利茨、韋斯等人對銀行體系脆弱性的研究提供了較為系統、堅實的微觀基礎。For the tectonic coal ， the properties of higher porosity and lower permeability make it capable of keeping higher gas pressure ； both of the “ isolating action ” and “ gas - cushion action ” cut down the resistance against outburst ； the specifity of high - defomed - extent makes desorption ， escape and flowing quickly become possible ； the existing of weak - seam or “ thoroughfare - seam ” create suitable conditions for the initial erupting and continued developing of coal and gas outburst. on the whole ， it is the synhesis action of all factors ， which leads to outbursts. the existing of tectonic coal with certain thickess is the essential condition of coal and gas outbursts ， but not the sufficient condition
高空隙率、低透氣性使構造煤能夠保持較高的瓦斯壓力；破碎性、 「隔離」作用及「氣墊」作用，使構造煤抵禦外力作用的能力大大降低；構造煤變形幅度大的特性，為瓦斯的迅速解吸、放散和快速流動創造了條件；構造煤薄弱分層或「通道層」的存在，則為煤與瓦斯突出的初始激發和持續發展奠定了基礎；上述因素的共同作用，影響和制約了煤與瓦斯突出的強度和分佈.盡管如此，一定厚度的構造煤的存在只是發生煤與瓦斯突出的必要條件和有利條件，而非充分條件On the base of the introduction to the development condition in jiangsu province, the author concentrates on the analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province in the following aspects : i. comprehensive analysis on non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, including the analysis on the general condition and the structure of non - state middle school teachers in jiangsu province, comparative analysis on non - state middle school teachers and state middle school teachers ; ii. case studies on the teachers " psychology and management strategies, including the analysis on common mentality of benefit, belonging, anxiety, employee and conjecture, the analysis on the corresponding measures taken by the school managers ; iii. ponder the exiting problems of non - state middle school teachers on the base of the comprehensive analysis and the case studies, resting with the negative effects to the construction of non - state middle school teachers caused by serious system obstacles, over flow of teachers, different motivation of the school runners and the management faults
論文在簡要介紹江蘇省民辦中學發展狀況的基礎上，著力從下列幾個方面對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍進行分析：一是對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍現狀的綜合分析，包括對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍總體狀況的分析、結構狀況的分析、民辦中學和公辦中學教師隊伍狀況的比較分析；二是從教師個體心態與管理者策略的角度對江蘇省民辦中學教師隊伍狀況的案例分析，包括對民辦中學教師中普遍存在的利益心態、歸屬心態、憂患心態、打工心態、揣摩心態的分析，並分析了學校管理者採取的相應措施；三是在綜合分析和案例分析的基礎上對民辦中學教師隊伍存在問題的原因進行深入揭示，著重分析嚴重的體制障礙、過于頻繁的教師流動、學校舉辦者不同的動機、民辦中學管理上的缺陷對民辦中學教師隊伍建設造成的負面影響；最後從完善教師資格認定製度、強化教師資源配置的市場機制、健全教師社會保障體系和推進民辦中學教師的道德建設和專業化建設等方面提出加強民辦中學教師隊伍建設的政策建議。The continual circulation of avian influenza in birds and the close proximity of birds to human beings increase the chance of an unprotected individual being exposed to an infectious and potentially deadly agent. when people are concurrently infected with human and avian influenza virus strains, they may serve as the mixing vessel for the emergence of a novel subtype of virus having sufficient human influenza genes to facilitate transmission from person to person
禽流感在鳥類中持續散播，加上鳥類與人類的活動范圍接近，令人類在無保護的情形下接觸可致命傳染媒介的機會大增若病者同時受人類流感病毒及禽流感病毒感染，就有可能成為病毒的混合爐，並由此產生具有足夠人類流感基因易於在人與人之間傳播的新品種病毒。An empirical study of liquidity ' s effect on return rate in stock market based on panel data
基於面板數據的流動性因子對股票收益率影響的實證研究分享友人