獲得性遺傳 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [huòdexìngyízhuàn]
獲得性遺傳 英文
heredity of acquired character
  • 獲 : Ⅰ動詞1. （捉住; 擒住） capture; catch 2. （得到;取得） obtain; win; reap 3. （收割） reap; harvest Ⅱ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 獲得 : 1. （取得; 得到） acquire; gain; obtain; win; achieve 2. [生物學] acquisition
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  1. It was suggested that eric - pcr could substitute for rapd in research related to the genetic identification and genetic diversity in auricularia and other edible and medicinal fungi : 2 to a certain extent, genetic differences among auricularia strains tested in this study did not have necessary relativity with their geographical origins respectively ; 3 in this study, genetic diversity in a. polytricha was higher than that in a. auricula : 4 in this study, a. fuscosuccinea had a higher homology to a. auricula than to a. polytricha ; 5 morphological characteristics validated the results from eric - pcr and provided a potential explanation for the higher similarity coefficient between a. auricular and a. fuscosuccinea ; 6 southern hybridization was employed by choosing a strain from a. auricula as a probe which hybridized with a. auricula and a. fuscosuccinea except a. polytricha, further confirming the veracity of the results from eric - pcr ; 7 in this study, isozyme analysis could not cluster the 7 strains from three auricularia species to different groups efficiently ; 8 2 strains from two auricularia species revealed high conservative degree and the restriction fragment patterns by 4 kinds of restricted enzymes showed no diversity

    本研究中，木耳屬2個種的2個菌株在its區域表現出較高的保守性， 4種限制型內切酶的酶切圖譜沒有顯示出多態性；增加內切酶種類及供試菌株數量，有可能獲得具有多態性的限制性內切酶酶切圖譜； 9本實驗中， its區域的真菌特異性引物與真核生物通用引物對于擴增效果無較大差異，擴增片段長度均為650bp左右； 10根據形態學實驗、 eric - pcr實驗以及southern雜交實驗的結果分析，紫木木耳屬種質資源的遺傳鑒定和遺傳多樣性評價耳極有可能是毛木耳種的一個變種; n .本研究中所用的gutc法是一種適用於木耳屬菌株基因組洲a快速提取的方法; 12 .傳統的形態學分類法和現代的分子生物學分類法，兩者的關系是相輔相成，互為驗證
  2. The method proposed in this thesis do well in solving the problems of multi - damping - ratio - spectra simulation. it is convenient to obtain the pareto optimal solution set of the multi - object question by using implicit parallel genetic algorithms and the method can meet the practical needs for simulating ground motions coinciding with multi - damping - ratio - spectra in seismic design. the crossing rate and variance rate are important parameters of genetic algorithms which affect the rate of convergence, the adapting rate of cross and variation in this paper can auto - adapt and according to stand or fall of current sample, it assures the sample approach to the pareto optimal solution set in fast convergent speed

    較好地解決多阻尼比反應譜擬合問題；本文方法通過一次運行就能獲得一組具有集系特性的地震動，在擬合多阻尼比反應譜的人造地震波集系的模擬方面有傳統方法所不能比擬的優勢，產生的人造波或人造波集系可滿足工程抗震設計需要；在遺傳演算法中，交叉概率和變異概率是影響收斂速度的重要參數，本文採用的改進自適應交叉概率和變異概率，可以根據當前樣本的好壞程度來自動地選擇適當的交叉概率和變異概率，以保證演算法始終以較好的速度向pareto最優解集逼近。
  3. Methods : ( 1 ) the segregation of foreign target gene in the t1 by histochmical gus assays ; ( 2 ) identification of pure line from transgenic tomatoes ( tl ) through examining gus expression in pollens in conjunction with pcr analysis of marker gene ( npt ) ; ( 3 ) the transcript levels of leetrl or leetr2 in anti - sense transgenic plants ; ( 4 ) the phenotypes of the transgenic plants in tomato during whole life cycle under ethylene - treated and non - treated conditions

    本研究以反義乙烯受體leetr1 ， leetr2基因番茄t _ 0代種子為實驗材料，利用gus基因表達研究外源基因的遺傳規律，並藉助于pcr技術對目的和標記基因的鑒定獲得轉基因t _ 1代材料。利用gus基因在t1花粉中的表達鑒定獲得轉基因純合植株。研究了轉基因後代的生長發育模式、對外源乙烯敏感性，以及靶基因的表達特性，初步探明了它們在乙烯受體系統中的功能。
  4. This modification includes : ( 1 ) selecting two important molecules as candidates, ( 2 ) choosing a promiscuous t - cell epitope, and two b - cell epitopes or conserved amino acid sequences from the two important molecules, ( 3 ) connecting them adequately through analysis by the molecule designing software. therefore, the synthetic new antigen may interfere with the process of fertilization by multiple ways and its contraceptive effects may be enhancing. based on the molecule designing methods, the b - lymphocyte cell epitope of sperm / testis specific protein sp17 and cyritestin which interfere with fertilization in mouse, as well as the promiscuous th cell epitope of the ribonuclease ( rnase ) in bovine were selected

    本研究以蛋白質分子設計的理論和方法研究避孕疫苗，將sp17和cyritestin關鍵表位和牛核糖核酸酶非選擇性th細胞表位合理組合，獲得新抗原- 35肽序列；並在合成、純化後分別與弗氏佐劑、免疫刺激復合物（ iscoms ）混合后免疫不同遺傳背景的雌性小鼠，觀察血清和生殖道內的特異性抗體滴度的動態變化、生育力的改變以及免疫后小鼠重要臟器的組織病理學改變：以及在ivf下，新抗原的特異性抗血清對精卵相互作用的影響及抗原在精子表面的特異性定位。
  5. Sixties primers were used for dna amplification and a total of 237 amplification products range from 450bp to 2500bp were generated. a similarity matrix for all pairwise comparisons was calculated using nei and li ' s formula and then transformed to distance matrix. dendrograms were constructed by applying unweighted pair - group arithmetic average ( upgma ) and neighboring - jointing cluster analyses using the phylip software

    在第二部分，應用改進的ctab法提取了石蓴屬和滸苔屬各3個種及作為對照的剛毛藻的基因組dna ， 60個引物被用於擴增，共獲得237個片段大小在450 - 2500bp之間的擴增片段，依據nei和li （ 1979 ）的公式計算出樣品成對比較的相似性距陣並換算成遺傳距離，應用phylip軟體包，按照upgma法和n - j法分別構建聚類圖。
  6. A novel dynamic evolutionary clustering algorithm ( deca ) is proposed in this paper to overcome the shortcomings of fuzzy modeling method based on general clustering algorithms that fuzzy rule number should be determined beforehand. deca searches for the optimal cluster number by using the improved genetic techniques to optimize string lengths of chromosomes ; at the same time, the convergence of clustering center parameters is expedited with the help of fuzzy c - means ( fcm ) algorithm. moreover, by introducing memory function and vaccine inoculation mechanism of immune system, at the same time, deca can converge to the optimal solution rapidly and stably. the proper fuzzy rule number and exact premise parameters are obtained simultaneously when using this efficient deca to identify fuzzy models. the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy modeling method based on deca is demonstrated by simulation examples, and the accurate non - linear fuzzy models can be obtained when the method is applied to the thermal processes

    針對模糊聚類演算法不適應復雜環境的問題，提出了一種新的動態進化聚類演算法，克服了傳統模糊聚類建模演算法須事先確定規則數的缺陷.通過改進的遺傳策略來優化染色體長度，實現對聚類個數進行全局尋優;利用fcm演算法加快聚類中心參數的收斂;並引入免疫系統的記憶功能和疫苗接種機理，使演算法能快速穩定地收斂到最優解.利用這種高效的動態聚類演算法辨識模糊模型，可同時得到合適的模糊規則數和準確的前提參數，將其應用於控制過程可獲得高精度的非線性模糊模型
  7. Armed with modified antibacterial peptide ( spcema and mcema ) and plant defensin afp, transgenic plants with broad - spectrum and strong disease resistance may be obtained

    以上三個單價和一個雙價抗菌肽表達載體在植物中的遺傳轉化，有望獲得對病源真菌有廣譜抗性的轉基因植株。
  8. It is applicable to various structural distribution networks. while resolving the " large area restoration ", the genetic algorithm execute three same and simple genetic operators : selection, crossing and mutating. it make a self - adaptable and probability overall searching under the leading of fitness value in the whole searching scale until acquiring the best result

    在求解網路故障后重構問題時，互動式模糊遺傳演算法通過循環執行相同的、極其簡單的選擇、雜交和變異三種遺傳操作，並在適應度函數值的引導下在搜索空間進行自適應概率性全局搜索，直至獲得全局最優解。
  9. In this study, the recombinant fowl - poxvirus was transfected into expressing the vp3 gene of isolated gpv h1 strain into the cef cells with fpv - 017 by liposome, which have the lacz reporter gene, earlier / latter promoters lp2ep2 of fpv, promoters p7. 5 and p7. 1 of vaccinia virus, replication unnecessary region of fpv - 017. following 6 cycles screenings, clonings, purification of blue plaques, detection of pcr and dot - elisa, which verified the genetic stable vp3 - fowlpox virus recombinant constructed successfully. this study provided the theoretical and practical foundation for development of gpv recombinant fowl - poxvirus genetic engineering vaccine, as well as provided substance preparatory for prevention the high mortality gpv

    本研究採用脂質體轉染方法，將含有完整gpvh1分離株vp3基因、報告基因lacz 、禽痘病毒早晚期啟動子lp2ep2 、痘苗病毒啟動子p7 . 5 、 p11和fpv - 017復制非必須區的轉移載體質粒psy681vp3lacz與fpv - 017共轉染雞胚成纖維細胞，經6輪蝕斑克隆、篩選、表達， pcr鑒定和dot - elisa檢測，證明該重組病毒已構建成功，並獲得了遺傳性狀穩定的鵝細小病毒vp3基因的重組禽痘病毒。
  10. Integron, a genetic element of gene capture and expression in gram - negative bacteria, has been showed to play an important role in acquired antibiotic resistance of bacteria

    近來的研究顯示，革蘭陰性菌中一種基因捕獲和表達的遺傳單位? ?整合子（ integron ）在細菌獲得抗生素抗性機制中起了重要作用。
  11. A method of fuzzy optimization design based on genetic algorithm is presented as a new method of parameter optimization design for dc double closed loop speed adjusting system. the method covers three steps. firstly, speed overshoot rate and settling time are chosen as performance indice according to the demand of engineering. these indice are normalized by using fuzzy membership function and then weighted to form objective function of optimization model of the system. secondly, the dynamic response curve of the system with corresponding parameters and peoformance indice are obtained by computerized numerical calculation and simulation. finally, parameters of engineering design are expanded as searching space ; and parameters of speed regulator and current regulator are taken as genes in chromosome. these genes in searching space are optimized to get best solution by way of genetic algorithm. as shown by experimental results, the parameters designed by this method are capable of significantly improving performance indice of the system, which proves that it is a practical and effective method

    提出一種基於遺傳演算法的直流雙閉環調速系統參數優化設計方法.根據工程技術的要求，選用速度超調量和過渡時間作為參數優化性能指標.將該指標用模糊隸屬度函數歸一化，再加權平均形成系統優化模型的目標函數.採用計算機數值計算方法，通過模擬獲得系統對應參數的動態響應曲線及其性能指標.最後以工程設計的參數為搜索范圍，以速度調節器和電流調節器的參數為染色體中的基因，通過遺傳演算法在搜索范圍中優化這些基因，獲得優化解.實驗結果表明，所設計的參數能使系統性能指標有顯著提高
  12. Using the vaiety egg ' s color limition of siverworm from romania and the black egg qingsong and by the crossbreeding, the egg ' s color and the egg number of f1, f2, f3 generations, as well as female and male proportion in black or white egg wene nvtigated after the quantity statistical analysis the gene and the gene heredity rule of egg ' s color limition, wene deriked the new system of white egg was kfained

    摘要利用羅馬尼亞引進的卵色限性品種與黑卵品種菁松，通過雜交育種，調查f1 ， f2 ， f3代的卵色及卵數，以及黑、白卵中的雌雄比例，經統計分析確定基因型，查明了卵色限性基因的遺傳規律，並獲得了新的白卵系。
  13. Two strains of prrsv were isolated from the swine infected with prrsv in shangdong province and daqing area, in order to clarify the source and genetic background of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ( prrsv ) from different parts of china, thus providing theoretic basis for the study of vaccine against it. the prrsv was cultured on mark - 145 cells for 5 ~ ~ 6 passages. when the cpe was obvious, the virus was harvested and purified

    為了弄清我國不同地區prrsv的來源以及其遺傳學背景，為疫苗學研究提供理論根據，本研究在ch - 1a株完整的基因組獲得以後，從流行於我國山東（ sd ）和黑龍江大慶（ dq ）地區疑似prrs的豬體內分離到prrsv ，在mark - 145細胞上盲傳5 6代，細胞出現明顯病變以後，收獲病毒液，然後提純，提取全病毒rna ，經過反轉錄、 pcr擴增獲得結構基因orf2 7的目的基因片斷，然後與pmd - t載體連接，轉化，得到陽性質粒后進行測序，並將其與ch - 1a株進行了比較分析，同時對這兩個毒株的結構基因組的理化性質進行分析。
  14. Streptomyces tenebrarius a04, the producer ( with a titer of 2874u / ml ) of single component of nebramycin ? apramycin was studied in this paper. after treatment of spore suspension and mycelia shivered by supersonic with mutagen, combined with the application of screening models, some stable high yield apramycin - producing strains ( with a fermentation titer of 4800 - 5200u / ml by shaking flask ) such as a2 - 23, a2 - 30, asm6 and al - 16 were obtained

    本文以尼拉黴素單一組分?安普黴素產生菌s . tenebrariusa04 （發酵單位為2847u ml ）為出發菌株，通過對單孢子懸液和超聲波破碎菌體的誘變處理並復合篩選模型，獲得了遺傳特性穩定的單組分高產菌株： a2 - 23 、 a2 - 30 、 asm6 、 a1 - 16 ，搖瓶發酵單位達4800 - 5200u ml 。
  15. The paper systematically discusses the mechanism for glycinebetaine to improve plant salt resistance and its research advances in genetic engineering at home and abroad as well as summarizing the research progresses about the key enzymes and their genetic engineering in glycinebetaine biosynthesis. it suggests that on the basis of further understanding the mechanism for glycinebetaine to improve plant salt resistance, the transformation of the genes relating to glycinebetaine biosynthesis should be carried out in major crops so that new plant varieties resistant to salt can be obtained

    系統地討論了甜菜堿在提高植物抗鹽性中的作用機理及其國內外研究進展，並對甜菜堿生物合成過程中關鍵酶及其遺傳工程的研究進展進行了綜述.提出在進一步弄清甜菜堿提高植物抗鹽性作用機理的基礎上，應在重要作物中開展甜菜堿合成相關基因的導入，以期獲得耐鹽植物新品種
  16. Maize transformation is limited by the receipant materials. only a few inbreds, such as a188, b73 and their derived inbreds, can regenerate well, while those elite ones that are widely used are not easy to transform successfully

    目前，玉米轉化僅限於少數培養性能好的自交系材料，如a188 、 b73及其衍生系，而對農藝性狀優良的自交系應用較少，本研究旨在建立一套穩定、高效的遺傳轉化體系，包括優良受體材料的選擇和培養基配方的改良，同時獲得抗除草劑的優良玉米育種材料。
  17. Orthogonal experimental design method was compared with genetic algorithm for hunting out optimum values, and an optimum method of orthogonal - genetic algorithm testing method that was applicable in greater design variables and unmanageable fit function was presented, and was applied to optimal design of the mechanism and to obtain the optimum scheme of the mechanism ' s geometrical dimensions

    對正交試驗設計法和遺傳演算法的尋優演算法進行分析比較，提出一種設計變量多且適應度函數難求的正交遺傳試驗法的優化方法，將這種方法應用於機構的優化設計中，獲得優化工作空間性能的結構參數方案。
  18. By sun, bo ( major : marine biology ) directed by professor zhang, guofan and dr. liu, xiao population genetics of four argopecten irradians cultured populations was analyzed by using random amplification polymorphism dna ( rapd ) techniques. and partial dna sequences of the internal transcribed spacers ( its ) from four representative samples ( one sample represent for each population ) were amplified by pcr and sequenced in order to stress the phylogenetic relationships of the four populations. besides, by rapd technique, two argopecten irradians families were studied to examine whether the hybridization experiments were successful and which family was more suitable to be materials in future genetic linkage map construction

    本文以海灣扇貝4個養殖群體為研究對象，採用隨機引物多態性dna （ rapd ）技術進行了群體遺傳學研究，並嘗試使用4個群體中代表個體的內轉錄間隔區（ its ）序列比對分析結果作為參考；另外，本文還運用rapd技術對人工異體交配的2個海灣扇貝家系的雜交成功率進行了分析，均獲得成功證實，並評估了兩個家系構建遺傳連鎖圖譜的潛力。
  19. Then the genetic distance and shannon information index among these 13 strains were obtained by using the software popgen2 on the basis of pcr - rflp patterns. the phylogenetic tree was constructed by using the upgma algorithm method ( mega2 software package ). the shannon information index indicated that there was a higher genetic diversity among the frankia strains and some strains had a big genetic distance with others

    根據酶切圖譜，通過popgen2軟體計算各供試菌株之間的遺傳距離；用shannon信息指數計算種群遺傳多樣性；利用upgma法（ mega2軟體）對所獲得的遺傳距離矩陣進行聚類分析，得到13株供試frankia菌株間系統發育的聚類分析樹狀圖譜。
  20. Control systems in modern automatic engineering are nonlinear, time - changed and indefinite. lt is difficult to model by traditional method, even sometime impossible. under these circumstances we should apply model identification to gain the approximate model of object for effective control, there are many models to be chosen, fuzzy model is one of them, it is put forward with the development of fuzzy control. fuzzy model has characteristics of general approximation and strong nonlinear, it is fit for describing complex, nonlinear systems. to avoid rules expansion when the number of input values are very big. in this paper we apply hierarchical fuzzy model to resolve this problem, we also illustrate it has general approximation to any nonlinear systems. genetic algorithm is a algorithm to help find the best parameters of process. lt has abilities of global optimizing and implicit parallel, it can be generally used for all applications. in our paper we use fuzzy model as predictive model and apply ga to identify fuzzy model ( including hierarchical fuzzy model ), we made experiments to nonlinear predictive systems and got very good results. the paper contains chapters as below : chapter 1 preface

    現代控制工程中的系統多表現為非線性、時變和不確定性，採用傳統的建模方法比較困難，或者根本無法實現，在這種情況下，要實現有效的控制，必須採用模型辨識的方法來獲取對象的近似模型，並加以控制，目前用於系統辨識的模型種類很多，模糊模型是其中的一種，它隨著模糊控制的發展而被人提出，模糊模型具有萬能逼近和強非線性的特點，比較適合於描述復雜非線性系統，為了解決模糊模型在輸入變量較多時規則數膨脹的問題，文中引入遞階型模糊模型，並引證這種結構的通用逼近特性。遺傳演算法是模擬自然界生物進化「優勝劣汰」原理的一種參數尋優演算法，它具有隱含并行性和全局最優化的能力，並且對尋優對象的要求比較低，在工程應用和科學研究中，得到了廣泛的應用，本文將遺傳演算法引入模糊模型的辨識，取得了很好的效果。
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