現金體制 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiànjīntǐzhì]
現金體制 英文
cash system
  • 現 : Ⅰ名詞1 （現在; 此刻） present; now; current; existing 2 （現款） cash; ready money Ⅱ副詞（臨時; ...
  • 金 : Ⅰ名詞1 （金屬） metals 2 （錢） money 3 （古時金屬制的打擊樂器） ancient metal percussion instrum...
  • 體 : 體構詞成分。
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 現金 : 1 （現款） ready money; cash; ready 2 （銀行庫存的貨幣） cash reserve in a bank; 現金儲備 cash re...
  1. It was restaurant industry graven topic that that of that of from input / output angle said, how advance restaurant kernel ability to compete, with the purpose of advance business economic benefit, as soon as possible brought return, accelerating demonetization end, abaft experience know clearly near twenty year stodgy state look forward to reform mechanism, our state hotel industry be around by babyhood trend maturity, by seller ' s market trend buyer ' s market, such transit should make part rational consumer enjoy to good value for money, too brought ought to part superficial restaurant taste to inevitable ; the government owned restaurant at multinational restaurant bloc and civilian battalion restaurant enterprise " dual impact down, calendar by know clearly reform of monetary system cum bank commercialization, market open cum solution control, market cum competitive mechanism three phase, owing to planned economy belated issues, structure irrationality wrought a matter of and overlapping investment wrought a matter of wait threefold cause, make government owned restaurant at market competition middle gradualness forfeiture competitive edge, in progression appearance hot water, how advance government owned hotel competitive power a matter of, toward me state tourism possess strong operation significance, hunan lotus hotel namely same family pole tool on government owned three stars level hotel behalf of the for the last years, by way of hotel industry occupy quite specific gravity

    從投入產出的角度講，如何提高飯店核心競爭能力，以達到提高企業經濟效益，盡快產生回報，加速貨幣回籠的目的，是飯店業嚴肅的話題。在經歷了近二十年步履艱難的國企改革歷程后，我國飯店業已開始由幼稚走向成熟，由賣方市場走向買方市場，這種轉變將使得部分理性的消費者享受到物有所值，也使部分膚淺的飯店品嘗到必然的失敗；近十年來，作為飯店業占相當比重的國有飯店在跨國飯店集團和民營飯店企業的雙重沖擊下，歷經了金融體制改革及銀行商業化、市場開放及解控、市場及競爭機制三個階段，由於計劃經濟遺留下來的問題、結構不合理造成的問題和重復投資造成的問題等三方面的原因，使得國有飯店在市場競爭中逐漸喪失競爭優勢，相繼出現困境，如何提高國有飯店競爭力的問題，對於我國旅遊業具有強烈的現實意義，湖南芙蓉賓館就是一家極具代表性的國有三星級飯店。
  2. On the other hand, the active method that collect pay sets, social insurance premium is executed collect pay integratedly, by revenue management by cess wu mechanism system executes apanage to collect, by capture cost individual and pay cost unit press formulary scale, tax of the salary with individual income tax, wage declare to orgnaization of social security agency along with all the others, duty reaching the ground collects sectional pay

    另一方面，現行征繳辦法規定，社會保險費實行綜合征繳，由地方稅務機關按稅收治理體制實行屬地徵收，由繳費個人和繳費單位按規定比例，與個人所得稅的工資、薪金稅項一併到社保經辦機構申報，到地稅徵收部門繳納。
  3. So, the " divisible by 9 " rule - now very much an interesting " trademark " of the pboc since it applies the rule to other policy rates, including the central bank lending rate, the rediscount rate and the rates on required and excess reserves continues to be a tradition of the financial system of the mainland

    被9整除的做法已成為人行的標記，並廣泛應用於其他政策利率，包括央行貸款利率再貼現利率法定存款準備金利率及超額準備金利率。這已成為內地金融體制的一個特色，要了解內地金融情況的朋友便要留意了。
  4. Through using ic card replace cash and oil - ticket, and link with greaser that controlled by computer, we can build an auto sale - oil - system based on ic card that integrate the management of gas station " information and company ' s

    其要點是使用ic卡代替油票和現金，與電腦加油機聯機，建成集加油控制，油站信息管理，公司信息管理於一體的ic卡自動售油系統。
  5. First, the thesis gives a detailed analysis about the causes and expressions of the medium and small - sized enterprises financing problems, concerning the relationship between banks and enterprises enterprises status, related policy and finance service etc. then, in order to solve the financial problems effectively during the developing process of the medium and small sized enterprises, on the basis of the development stage, concrete environment and characteristics of the medium and small sized enterprises in our country, the thesis gives relevant suggestions about the improvement of enterprises " inside financial environment channel expansion of the indirect f inane ing, more emphasis on direct financing trend of the state ' s policy and innovation of financial instruments etc. at last, in order to welcome the coming technology economy, the thesis especially analyze how to use the capital from at home and abroad to develop risk investment, to ease up the contradiction of capital supply and demand, and to support the fast development of the hi - tech medium and small - sized enterprises

    然後，為有效解決中小企業發展中遇到的資金問題，根據我國中小企業所處的發展階段、具體環境和自身特點，結合我國金融市場的現狀和未來發展趨勢，從改善企業內源融資條件、拓展間接融資渠道、注重直接融資手段、國家政策取向、金融工具創新等方面，提出相應的對策建議。為迎接知識經濟的到來，本文還特別探討了利用國際、國內資金發展風險投資業務，緩解我國高科技中小企業資金需求與供給的矛盾，支持高科技中小企業快速發展的措施。本文試圖通過對中小企業融資問題的研究，探索我國中小企業特別足高科技中小企業發展面臨的一些共性問題，為我國中小企業融資方式和融資體制的改革略陳管見。
  6. In the course of commercialization reform of financial institutions, inanition in fund emerges in the countryside areas. worse of all, the incomplete financial services and products, the imperfect rural financial organizational system together with deficient new financial institutions such as agricultural insurance and agricultural venture capital fail to meet the demands of agricultural industrialization ' s iurther development

    在當前我國廣大農村地區，由於金融機構商業化改革，不僅開始出現金融空洞化，使得農業產業化發展資金供給嚴重不足，而且金融機構的金融服務和金融產品的不完善，農村金融組織體系的不健全，農業保險、農業風險投資等金融新機制的短缺，更是無法滿足農業產業化發展對農村金融提出的更高要求。
  7. Through comparing these modes, we can cone to the conclusion that making the best use of private financing is the fundamental way of resolving higher education financing difficulty at the same time, we also find that the quality of higher education is irrelative with private or public higher education institutes, furthermore, the development of private higher education is helpful for establishment of competition mechanism thus promoting the connection between higher education and market requisition

    總結和比較不同模式的特點，我們發現：充分利用民間資金是解決高等教育大眾化過程中經費難題的根本途徑；高等教育質量的高低，與辦學體制並沒有必然聯系，相反，民辦高等教育的發展，有利於激活競爭機制，更好地培養適應社會需求的人才。
  8. Applying imported raw material and advanced manufacturing technology, together with modern scientific management system, it is specialized in manufacturing and selling machined bolts, selftapping screw bolts and nuts of stainless steel, copper oriron and hollow rivets of stainless steel, copper, iron or aluminiun in accordance with the standards of china gb, american ansi, japan jis, german din or england bs ; and non - standardized hardware such as cross slots, inner hexagon fastening bolts, expansion bolts, and toy vehicle axles, its products are sold widely in domestic and foreign markets, earning quite high credit among customers

    公司引進國外先進的冷鐓和搓絲設備，採用進口原材料及先進生產技術，並運用現代科學管理體制，專業生產和銷售中國gb 、美國ansi 、日本jis 、德國din 、英國bs標準的不銹鋼、銅、鐵機制螺釘、自攻螺釘、螺母；不銹鋼、銅、鐵、鋁空心鉚釘；十字槽、內六角緊定螺釘、膨脹螺栓、精密自動車床件等非標準五金製品，產品遠銷國內外市場，在廣大用戶中享有較高的信譽。
  9. However, some factors, including the inertia of the system, the forming of some vested - interest groups and the behavior of " rent seeking ", brought about the petrification of financial system, under which the financial system could not acclimatize itself to a new condition

    然而，由於制度的慣性、 「既得利益集團」的形成以及「尋租」現象的存在等原因，使得這一金融制度不能夠適應新的環境而適時變化，使得80年代起金融體制僵化< wp = 41 >問題日漸突出。
  10. Administrators and social medium have obtained common recognition gradually that, the policy cause of the recovery of china post savings has not existed, and the compromise between all relevant parties after contention is unaccommodated with the development of finance and economy, so the current system of china post savings should be broken and reformed to follow the mode of commercialised operation

    隨著國外郵政儲蓄改革的成功實踐，中國郵政儲蓄改革的呼聲一浪高過一浪。監管部門以及社會各界逐步一致認為，中國郵政儲蓄恢復開辦的政策性因素日漸消失，而各利益主體博弈后妥協的結果違背了經濟和金融發展規律，不得不打破現有體制重新達成一致。
  11. Expounds the five main aspect of risk in national commercial bank, i. e. signal liability structure, bad loan quality, low capital efficiency, imperfect restriction on interior power, thin consciousness on risk avoidance ; summarizes five characters of the bank risks, including risk concentration, moral risk, risks caused by system structure, inequi ty between bank risks and revenues, aggrandizement trend of bank risks ; analysis eight reasons for bank risks, including proprietary ownership voidance, macroeconomic fluctuation, ineffective capita ] buffer mechanism, enterprise reasons. no synchronous fiscal investment and financial reform, incompetence law and regulation enforcement. chapter4 argues the opportunities and challenges of the financial globalization and requirement for bank risk managem ent. chapters suggests the methods for the risk management of national commercial bank

    緊接著在第三章闡述了我國國有商業銀行風險的「五大表現」 ，即負債結構單一、信貸資產質量差、資本充足率低、內部控制機制薄弱、防範風險的意識淡薄；總結了我國國有商業銀行風險的「五大特點」 ，即風險高度集中、風險人為匿藏、風險的體制性、風險與收益嚴重不對稱、風險呈繼續擴大態勢；剖析了我國國有商業銀行風險形成的「八大因素」 ，即金融產權「人格」虛設、宏觀經濟波動、資本金等緩沖機制不健全、財政、投資和金融的體制改革不配套、法律和法規不健全等。
  12. Accrual - basis, balance sheet reflects a company ' s financial conditions from inventory amount angle. income statement and profit appropriation statement reflect a company ' s financial conditions from current amoun t angle on accrual - basis. and statement of cash flows reflects factors affecting the ability of a company repay its maturity debts and its amount on cash - basis, that is to say, statement of cash flows changes profit on accrual - basis into actual profit on cash - basis ( cash or items equal to cash )

    資產負債表以權責發生制為基礎編制，從存量的角度反映企業的財務狀況和經營成果；利潤及利潤分配表則以權責發生制編制基礎，從動量的角度反映企業財務狀況經營成果變動的原因；現金流量表又以收付實現制為編制基礎，從動量的角度反映影響企業償還到期債務的能力變動的具體因素及其影響數量，即現金流量表就是把以權責發生制為基礎的利潤調節成以收付實現制確認的現實的利潤（現金及現金等價物） 。
  13. This essay focuses its study and comparison on the tendering system of international financial organization, raises the necessity of foreign loan tendering system, considering the existing tendering situation in fields of capital construction, mechanical equipment, imported electrical and mechanical equipment, government purchasing and foreign loan purchasing, and gives constructive views in tendering and bidding procedure of project construction agencies and construction supply enterprises, so as to improve the construction level of the foreign loan projects in our country, increase the bidding ability of our enterprises for participating international projects, and promote the establishment and improvement of the tendering and bidding management system in our country after learning from tendering purchasing system abroad

    本文主要研究和對比國際金融組織的招標制度，結合我國在基本建設項目、機械成套設備、進口機電設備、政府采購、國外貸款采購等領域的招標投標現狀，提出研究國外貸款招投標制度的必要性並結合實際工作經歷，為我國項目建設單位和貨物與工程供應企業在招標投標環節提出建設性意見。以期提高我國利用國外貸款項目的建設水平，提高我國的企業參與國際工程投標能力，並借鑒國外招標采購制度，加快我國招投標管理體制的建立和完善。
  14. Selection of secure elliptic curves, implementation of elgamal encrytion and signature over big prime field ; 2. fpga implementation of point multiplication ; 3. at last put forward two blind signature based on ecc, nyberg - rueppel blind scheme and dsa blind scheme, these two schemes can be used in e - cash svstems

    作者所做的主要工作有： （ 1 ）實現了安全橢圓曲線的選取，實現了基於大素數域上的橢圓曲線的elgamal加解密和數字簽名： （ 2 ）設計了標量乘的fpga功能模擬； （ 3 ）最後提出兩種用橢圓曲線密碼體制實現的盲簽名方案，基於ecc的nvberg - rueppel盲簽名方案和基於ecc的dsa盲簽名方案，這兩種方案可以用於電子現金系統獲得匿名性。
  15. The essay raises that the focal point of chinese financial system reform should be to develop and perfect money market. on the base of analyzing both general functions of the market and special functions that the development of the market has influenced on chinese economy and finance, it objectively analyzes the current situation and outstanding problems of the market and advances major solutions to perfect the market, which is, with the premise of constructing credit bases of the market development and with the central task of raising the market efficiency, to perfect short - term bonds market ( including the repo market ) and commercial paper market, and to deepen policy functions of the market, for the sake of a stable and orderly market with substantial scale, united market organization, efficient clearing < wp = 5 > system, reasonable interest rate system, perfect medium organization and effective market supervision

    本文認為，目前中國金融體制改革的重點應是發展和完善貨幣市場。本文在認真分析貨幣市場的一般功效以及貨幣市場的發展對中國經濟金融發展和改革的功效的基礎上，客觀分析了中國貨幣市場的發展現狀以及存在的突出問題，並提出完善中國貨幣市場的基本思路，那就是：以建設中國貨幣市場發展的信用基礎為前提，以提高中國貨幣市場的效率為主旨，完善同業拆借市場、債券市場和票據市場，深化貨幣市場的政策功能，其目標是把中國貨幣市場建成一個具備相當的規模、統一的市場組織、高效的清算系統、合理的利率體系、完善的中介組織以及有效的市場監管的穩定有序的貨幣市場。
  16. Ever since the 1997 asia financial crisis, especially after the september 11th terrorist attack and argentina financial turmoil, international economic and financial plight has been increasingly subject to the potential dishevelment. although great achievements have been made in the chinese financial reform and innovations in chinese banking systems, problems still exist and prevail. moreover, china ' s economic transition and its misfit at the initial stage of wto membership are very likely to further catalyze the occurrence of banking risks

    11 」事件及阿根廷金融危機后，國際經濟、金融形勢日趨嚴峻，盡管我國金融體制改革、銀行制度變革取得了一些成就，但國有商業銀行存在的問題依然很多，經濟體制轉軌和入世初期的不適應，進一步加大了銀行風險發生的可能性，金融風險和危機問題對我國來說已經十分現實，威脅就在身邊。
  17. Such kind of system neither can accumulate a large mount of money, nor is qualified to invest directly into capital market. 4 the blankness of individual pension accounts is the core reason to make our current system pay - as - you - go

    中國社會養老金入市的體制性制約因素分析4 、個人賬戶「空賬」運轉是形成我國養老金體制現收現付制實質的原因。
  18. Pay - as - you - go pension systems, for example, depend on there being enough workers to fund promises made to retired employees

    舉例來說，現收現付養老金體制依靠國家要有足夠的工人，才能維持承諾，為退休的雇員提供資金來源。
  19. The last chapter comments on the “ chilean model ”. the author agrees on some successful facts in chilean pension reform, espiecally for the high investment return and the positive effects on the development of capital market as well as macro - economy brought forth by pension fund. however, there are still some difficulties and problems unsolved in chilean pension system, such as the low coverage of pension plan, high management cost, pension income gap, the fiscal burden and so on

    同時，智利模式面臨的問題也是突出的:表現在參保率差，養老金收入分配差距擴大，針對低收入群體的財政支出負擔加重以及投資方面存在的成本負擔過重、市場監管過度等方面的問題上，這些問題的產生既有私營養老金體制自身的原因，也有經濟社會條件變化帶來的影響因素。
  20. Selection of secure elliptic curve, implementation of ecc and its use in e - cash system. the work the author has done is : 1

    在本文中，作者主要介紹了橢圓曲線密碼體制，安全橢圓曲線的選取，橢圓曲線密碼體制的實現及其在電子現金體制中的應用。
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