直接經驗科學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhíjiējīngyànkēxué]
直接經驗科學 英文
science of immediate experience
  • 直 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （成直線的; 硬挺的） straight; stiff 2 （跟地面垂直的; 從上到下的; 從前到后的） erect; v...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 經 : 經動詞[紡織] （把紡好的紗或線梳整成經紗或經線） warp
  • 驗 : 動詞1. （察看; 查考） examine; check; test 2. （產生預期的效果） prove effective; produce the expected result
  • 科 : Ⅰ名詞1 （學術或業務的類別） a branch of academic or vocational study 2 （機關按工作性質而分設的單...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 直接 : direct; immediate
  • 經驗 : 1 （由實踐得來的知識或技能） experience 2 （經歷） go through; experience; 經驗教訓 lessons from ...
  • 科學 : science; scientific knowledge
  1. On the one hand, his knowledge background of natural sciences has entrusted to his philosophy the deep foundation of experience and fairly strong convincingment, so his ideology is regarded as transcending the category of traditional philosophy ; on the other hand, his ideology is the direct ideological origin of the vienna circle, and the birth and development of logical empiricism both have close relation with mach ' s ideology on element and the elemental monism

    一方面，他的自然科學背景使他的哲學主張有了深厚的經驗基礎和較強的說服力，因而他的思想被看作超越了傳統哲學的范疇；另一方面，他的思想是維也納學派的直接思想來源，邏輯經驗主義的產生和發展都與馬赫的要素和要素一元論思想有著密切的關系。
  2. It adopts industry economics theories, such as, industrial organization theories industrial relation theories and industrial layout theories, after systematic analyzing our national s & t resources allocation and the basis of the construction of national research & experiment platform, it proposes constructing national research & expe riment platform both in basic and applied research fields and more, formulates the platform definition, structure and functions and so on. meanwhile, by utilizing experience of developed country s & t resource allocation, it also research the thoughts, principles, ways methods and direct output efficiency estimate in s & t activities of the platform. it aims to offer operatively realization methods and policy proposal as well as realization qualitative development and shorten the distance to the international advanced s & t level

    本文正是在這樣的背景下針對我國科技基礎條件薄弱，從而造成我國原始性科技創新能力和集成創新能力不足的現狀，利用產業經濟學中的產業組織理論、產業關聯理論、產業布局理論，深入系統分析了我國科技資源及其配置、國家研究與實驗平臺建設的現實基礎，提出了在基礎研究和應用研究的學科領域建設國家研究與實驗平臺的設想，並對平臺的內涵、結構、功能等做出界定，借鑒發達國家科技資源配置的經驗，對我國研究與實驗平臺建設的思路、原則、途徑和方法，以及平臺的科技活動直接產出效率評價等進行研究，以期對實現我國科技的跨越式發展，縮短與國際先進科技水平的差距提供可操作性的實施方案和政策性建議。
  3. Bringing the function of the personality education of chinese teaching in middle schools intplay has important and far - reaching significance. the present paper bases on the modern educational sense of taking the human beings as the basis ", carries forward the good conditions of chinese moral personality education, uses the experience in personality education of western developed countries, hongkong and macao, and makes use of the studying ways of analysising the literature and educational investigations, considering the importance of personality education and the shortage of studying conditions at present, so as to explore how to bring the functionof the personality education of chinese teaching in middle schools into play and to establish the teaching patterns of the personality education which accords with the developing demands of the times. the paper clarifies the cause of studying the functions of the personality education of chinese teaching in middle schools, inquires into the chara cters of direction, mfection and affection of the functions of the personality education of chinese teaching in middle schools by the exploration of historical roots and realistic basis. the paper mainly explores how to bring the function of the personality education of chinese teaching in middle schools into play from six aspects : clearing the subject aims of the personality education of chinese education in middle schools, excavating the contents of the function of personality education contained in teaching malerials, exploring the teaching patterns of the personality education, improving the teaching ways of the activities out of class of personality education, forming personality in the course of cultivating the abilities of language, and improving the level of the chinese teachers " personality education. it aims at offering theoretical bases and practical references to middle schools in personality educationof chinese teaching according to the above views

    人格教育是當代教育的重要課題，發揮中學語文教學的人格教育功能對青少年一代健康人格的塑造和建構中華民族的新文明意義重大而深遠。鑒於人格教育的重要性及現有研究現狀的不足，本文秉承「以人為本」的現代教育理念，繼承我國道德人格教育的優良傳統，借鑒西方發達國家在人格教育方面的有益經驗，採用文獻分析及教育調查等方法，探索中學語文教學如何發揮人格教育功能，嘗試構建符合時代發展要求的語文學科人格教育模式。文中通過對中國人格教育傳統的回顧和人格教育現實意義的探討，闡明了進行中學語文教學人格教育功能研究的動因；探討了中學語文教學人格教育功能直接性、濡染性、情意性的特點；從明確中學語文人格教育的學科目標、挖掘教材中蘊含人格教育功能的內容、探索語文人格教育的課堂教學模式、改進語文課外活動人格教育方式、在語用能力的培養中養成人格、提高語文教師的人格水平六個方面重點探索了中學語文教學如何發揮人格教育功能。
  4. To our ancestors and to foreigners, such knowledge was - - or is - - a matter of direct experience, and this knowledge is reliable if in the course of their direct experience the requirement of " scientific abstraction ", spoken of by lenin, was - - or is - - fulfilled and objective reality scientifically reflected, otherwise it is not reliable

    這些知識在古人在外人是直接經驗的東西，如果在古人外人直接經驗時是符合於列寧所說的條件「科學的抽象」 ，是科學地反映了客觀的事物，那末這些知識是可靠的，否則就是不可靠的。
  5. This paper, through the research on the implementing of gaobazhou water conservancy project, demonstrated that the project is technical feasible, economic reasonable, and is conform to the state macro policy in external environment. described the full - aspect management on the design process of gaobazhou water conservancy project, fully demonstrated that the selection of design scheme and the design quality is directly related to the investment, quality and progress control of the project ; described the full - aspect management on the construction process of gaobazhou water conservancy project, discussed the management procedure and manner of supervisor in the construction process, how does the contractor to complete construction task scientifically and reasonably by following the certain supervision procedure based on the contract ; described the management on the procurement of gaobazhou water conservancy project, clarified these cautions to be taken during material and equipment procurement through the discussion on the content of procurement contract ; described the project acceptance and after - event evaluation of gaobazhou water conservancy project, fully defined the content for the final acceptance of the project ; fully described the comprehensive management carried out on gaobazhou water conservancy project, mainly focused on the study of information management, communication management, conflict management and risk management, which ensured the smooth execution of the project

    本文通過對高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目實施的研究，論證了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目在技術上是可行的，在經濟上是合理的，在外部環境方面符合國家的宏觀政策；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程設計過程的全面管理，充分論證了設計方案的選擇及設計質量的高低，直接關繫到工程項目的投資、質量和工程進度的控制好壞；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程施工過程的全面管理，論述了監理在施工過程中的管理程序和方法，施工單位遵循一定的監理程序，依據施工合同科學合理地完成施工任務；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐物質設備的采購管理，通過對采購合同內容的論述，明確了物質設備采購時應注意的問題；闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目驗收及后評價，明確了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目竣工驗收的內容；較全面地闡述了高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目實施的綜合管理，重點研究了保證高壩洲水利樞紐工程項目順利實施的信息管理、溝通管理、沖突管理和風險管理。
  6. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  7. The thesis, based on the teacher ' s direct teaching experience and guided by new curriculum standards, treats the practical modes and the execution of cooperation study in senior middle schools. it is divided into three parts

    本文從圍繞物理學科教學的角度出發，以教師的直接教學經驗為基礎，以新課程標準為指導，探討合作學習在高中階段的具體模式及其操作。
  8. Based on successful experiences of public finance management of hongkong, macao, taiwan and western countries and the establishment of management mode of development - oriented public finance, the writer of the paper believes that clarifying the function scope is the basis of scientific design of revenue framework and expenditure and it influences directly the scale and structure of our finance revenue and expenditure

    借鑒港澳臺及西方公共財政管理的成功經驗，立足於創建我國發展型公共財政管理模式，筆者認為，明確公共財政的職能范圍是科學設計我國公共財政的收入框架和支出框架的基礎，也直接影響我國的財政收支規模與結構。兼顧效率與公平、政府與市場配合，是建立和健全公共財政框架的基本原則。
  9. Can whole - control and drought relief headquarters said water analysis system subsystems one of the project early in the last century has been a system of the 1990s programme appraisal and feasibility study to the state ministry of water resources, the state development planning commission replied but as the use of communications technology development costs are too high, funds, etc. u spent reasons, has not been able to put into practice

    項目管理是由管理項目的需要發展而來，它的核心是工作任務的「可控性」 。項目管理的理論和知識直接來源於一線實踐者們長期經驗的積累。運用直觀、簡便的項目管理工作和方法，就可以科學地管理項目工期、預算、成本和質量。
  10. On the basis of the loess distribution, engineering geology and specific properties of road use in gansu province, this paper divides traffic volume grade according to the conditions of transportation of all high - grade highways which are being built and have already finished. besides, it analyses the relativity of three different test methods, establishes the related relations, and divides their strength grade after measuring rebound module of subgrade of the representative high - grade highways in gansu loess area. furthermore, it recommends the common semi - rigid and asphalt concrete design parameters by comparing the experiment in doors to outdoors, and draws up the optimized design program aga - lq based on advanced genetic algorithm and solves the non - liner optimization design model of asphalt pavement construction by computer

    本文基於甘肅黃土分佈、工程地質及路用特性研究，對該黃土地區在建和已建的全部高等級公路交通狀況進行了詳細調查和分析，劃分了交通量等級；對甘肅黃土地區代表性的高等級公路，利用三種不同方法實測了土基回彈模量，分析了各測試方法的相關性，建立了相關關系，對土基回彈模量進行了強度等級劃分；通過室內外試驗比較，推薦了常用的半剛性材料和瀝青混凝土設計參數值；利用計算機編制了基於改進遺傳演算法的優化設計程序aga ? lq ，並成功求解了瀝青路面結構非線性優化設計模型；最後經計算提出了甘肅黃土地區高等級公路瀝青路面典型結構，並編制了查詢圖庫軟體cx ? lq ，供設計單位直接選用，科學簡便地解決了甘肅黃土地區的路面設計問題。
  11. This paper came from the national nature science foundation and beijing nature science foundation. the subject is the research of the relation between generalized propositional logic ( gpl ) and other prepositional logic. the paper shows the universality of generalized propositional logic

    本文的研究結合國家自然科學基金「經驗知識推理理論」 （ 60273087 ）和北京市自然科學基金「不精確推理理論研究」 （ 4032009 ）進行，主要是研究命題泛邏輯學對其他命題邏輯的包容性，即根據泛邏輯學的生成規則，可以直接生成各種命題邏輯。
  12. Experiments in national engineering research center for information technology in agriculture and national laboratory of color science and engineering indicate that the measurement technology can directly acquire ndvi, and that the measurement deviation is less than 5 % compared with that measured by using asd fr2500

    經國家農業信息化工程技術研究中心，顏色科學與工程國家專業實驗室檢測表明：該測量技術能準確反映植物的顏色特徵，該測量裝置可用以取代昂貴笨重的地物光譜儀直接獲取被測目標的歸一化植被指數值，與地物光譜儀測試結果偏離在5 %以內。
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