相對體變形 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [xiāngduìtǐbiànxíng]
相對體變形
英文
volumetric deformation-
Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports
首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo - targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo - targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral - integrated - form - based classification method can remove the phenomenon of " different spectrum with same objects " resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo - target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflection ratio. it is suggested that " red edge " range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel - based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. the remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed
研究結果如下：首先針對荒漠化地區的地物特徵，對高光譜數據不同波段的數據質量、波段組合進行了評價，提出了適用於荒漠化監測的基本波段選擇集；初步了解和掌握了研究地區的地物光譜特性及變異規律，進一步明確了掌握地物光譜特徵和變異規律是用成像光譜儀數據提取地物信息的基礎；發現了基於光譜整體形狀的分類方法在很大程度上能夠消除由於傳感器、地物目標觀測方向之間的角度變化引起的反射率曲線整體平移的「同物異譜」現象，對于譜形相似而整體反射率的值相差較大的兩類地物，通過引入均值和方差圖像參與分類得到解決；研究還表明在植被「紅邊」范圍內的波段是進行荒漠化監測的主要特徵波段，這些波段與植被生物量和蓋度都有密切的關系，是開展精細植被分類研究和植被定量反演的重要基礎；像元的導數光譜分析可以消除土壤背景的影響，是進行植被生物量和蓋度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化監測主要評價因子的定量反演模型，並分析了模型的適用性。Establishing an human spine dynamic model is an significan event to study spine injured biomechanics of pilot " s ejective injury, parachute opening, landing and study the endurance to impact loading on human spine. in this paper, the huston " s method of kane " s equations is developed so that it can be applied to the multibodysystem including translation between the bodyies. the dynamic model of human spine is provided basing on these theories, while the big movement of spine is considered. the deformation of vetebra is far smaller comparing with the intervetebra disc, so the spine is considered into multibodysystem including rigid bodies ( vetebra ) and the flexible bodies ( intervetebra disc ). the computer solution correspond with the results of the large scale human impact test. the rigid coefficient factors and the damping factor of intervetebra joints are obtained
人體脊柱動力學模型的建立對研究飛行員彈射救生、傘兵跳傘開傘、著陸等脊柱損傷的生物力學以及研究人體脊柱耐受沖擊載荷的極限問題都具有重要意義.首先發展了凱恩方程的休斯頓方法，使其可應用於變形體連接的多體系統，並以此理論為依據建立人體整椎脊柱沖擊動力學模型，此時考慮脊柱的大位移運動，每個椎骨的變形相對椎間盤的變形小得多，把脊柱看成由剛體（椎骨）和變形體（椎間盤）組成的多體系統.並以大型真人坐姿沖擊實驗結果進行了擬合，最後得到腰椎間關節剛度系數因子和阻尼系數因子By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented. then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. so the model can predict floes number and size during flocculation of yellow river ' s loess particles without using empirical parameters. the tem and sem were used to obsever floes in the study of floe structure. the flocculation was divided as flocculi, floc and floe aggregate. the floes structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floe accords with tetrahedron. the fractal dimension of model and experimental floes was found to be coincidentso the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of yellow river ' s loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent
最後，本文還對絮凝動力學和絮體結構進行了研究，在前人研究的基礎上，針對高分子絮凝黃河泥沙，對絮凝過程作了一些符合試驗條件的假設，建立了顆粒碰撞頻率表達式，應用了顆粒數量平衡方程，從而建立了絮凝過程的動力學生長模型，模型計算結果與試驗數據對比表明，二者趨勢一致，在沒有使用經驗參數的情況下基本上能夠描述黃河泥沙絮凝過程中絮體數量和尺寸分佈的變化過程；對絮體結構的研究中，應用掃描電子顯微鏡和透射電子顯微鏡對絮體進行了觀察，將絮體分為絮粒、絮團和絮網三個不同的生長階段，通過假設顆粒結合位置符西安建築科技大學博士學位論文合正四面體，建立了絮體結構模型，計算得到的模型絮體分形維數基本與試驗中的實際絮體相符，在一定程度上能夠反映高分子絮凝黃河泥沙生成的絮體結構。Roll over protective structure ( rops ) is a device which installs on out of construction vehicle. the main functions are : when the vehicle rolling over. rops can prevent the vehicle from rolling over further, and reduce the possibility of rolling vehicle injures operator ; when the vehicle traveling on freezing soil. concrete and rock, it has large resist continuous impact ability ; when the vehicle overturning rops can support the whole vehicle. arrangement of falling object protective structure ( fops ) can block objects ( such as trees, rocks ) so that supply protection for operator. this problem is that research rolling over and falling objects protective structure of bulldozer by learning research condition of rops / fops and relative lay down international standard. on the base of theory analysis. detrudes counting formula of rops / fops deformation through founding mechanics analysis model of rops / fops at the stage of elasticity and plastoelastic. and finds a set of feasible nonlinear finite element analysis counting. lt calculates rops / fops plastoelastic deforma variable of 320hp bulldozer, bulldozer has been carried out by optimizing design method
其主要功能是：當車輛滾翻時， rops能刺入未凍土壤而阻止車輛的進一步滾翻，降低滾翻的車輛對系著安全帶司機軋傷的可能性；保證rops在碰撞和沖擊變形不大的地面（如凍土、混疑土上、巖石）時，能具有相當大的抗連續沖擊能力；當車輛已經處于顛覆狀態時，已經變形的rops應能支撐住整車。落物保護裝置（簡稱fops ） ，其構件的布置方式要能遮蔽墜落的物體（如，樹木、巖石等） ，以便對司機提供適當的保護。本課題主要通過了解國內外有關對rops fops的研究情況和有關國際標準的制定，對大型推土機傾翻和落物保護裝置進行研究，在理論分析的基礎上，通過建立rops fops的力學分析模型，推導彈性、彈塑性階段rops fops變形的計算公式，建立一套可行的rops fops的非線性有限元分析計算方法。Based on the close analysis of the influence factors of the vertical bearing capacity, circular aperture extension theory is employed to establish the computing formulas for the pile vertical stress and the foundation vertical bearing capacity, respectively. moreover, with analyzing the features of the calculation parameters such as materials of gunite mortar, jet pressure, diameter of the jet pipe, pile length, pile layout, a design theory for chemical churning pile composite foundation is proposed. then, the variation of the pipe deformation with loads, the deformation coordination of pile and soil are studied
在此基礎上深入探討了旋噴樁的樁土受力特性及其復合地基的加固機理，從影響旋噴樁復合地基豎向承載力的因素入手，基於圓孔擴張理論給出了樁體豎向應力及旋噴樁復合地基的豎向承載力計算公式;通過對噴射漿液、噴射壓力選取、噴射直徑估算、樁長及樁位設計等各種計算參數的深入分析和研究，提出了一套相應的旋噴樁復合地基設計計算方法;通過計算分析，深入探討了旋噴樁復合地基變形隨荷載變化規律、樁和樁間土變形協調關系、樁土應力比及復合地基壓縮模量的確定，並提出相應的設計方法和修正參數;此外，結合工程應用，對旋噴樁復合地基的施工技術及其現場質量檢測方法進行了較全面的探討。Being lacking of understanding of behaviors of circular working shaft, the paper proposed theory about ring - beam ' s load - distribution calculations and analyzed the structural behavior of circular working shaft ( cws ) by the numbers from the standpoint of properties of structural style and stress incorporated with thoughts of shared load introduced to research of cws. first, regarding cws as structure of series of hypothetic horizontal circular rings and vertical beams, and considering cws ' s formation and development, the paper proposed load - distribution thoughts to solve cws ' s calculations. ring - beam calculation theory was put up and software cbtlmp1. 0 was worked out based on the conditions of external applied load shared by rings and beams, and of deformation conformity
首先，本文提出用分載思想解決圓形工作井結構的計算分析問題，將圓形工作井結構看成是由一系列的假想的水平圓環和豎直梁組成的結構，考慮工作井形成過程及形成階段與項進階段的連續性，根據某一時刻相對于上一時刻外載增量由環與梁分擔、環與梁在交叉處變位增量一致的條件將環計算理論與梁計算理論結合起來，據此建立了環?梁分載計算理論並研製了環?梁分載計算分析軟體cbtlmpv1 . 0 。In order to imitate tune tail fin better, a flexible fin only in chordwise is considered. results shows that flexibility can increase the propulsive efficiency and cause small decreases in the average thrust compared with a rigid caudal fin with similar motion. next, a comparison between the rectangle fin and the lunate fin is given
為了使數學模型更貼近生物模型，本文又將尾鰭處理為只考慮弦向變形而不考慮展向變形的柔性體，兩者對比的結果表明，柔性翼使得平均推力減小，但是，對具有相同推力的柔性翼比剛性翼具有更高的效率。Based on the back - analysis data of some excavation stage, through the non - linear finite element program nef, we can predict the tendency of next excavation stage. the relative error between calculation and measurement is controlled in 25 %, demonstrate the estimate prediction is successful
根據反演的某一階段的土體參數值，通過非線性有限元程序nfp ，預測后一階段的邊坡變形情況，實例中理論計算值與實測值的相對誤差控制在25 %以內，說明預測是成功的。As an application of this fem preprocessing system, the simulation on the welding process of missile ’ s oil box was performed, in which the effects of the welding sequences of four web plates and welds on each web plate are primarily analyzed. the simulation results show that the deformations under varied welding sequences are almost the same. downward deflection deformation is obtained along the weld longitudinal direction in the structure as well as upward deflection deformation along the weld traverse direction
對于某型號導彈油箱結構焊接過程的數值模擬計算，主要考察了每塊立板上各段焊縫焊接順序的調整、四塊立板之間不同的焊接順序以及焊接起始端的選擇對結構焊后變形的影響規律，模擬結果表明:壁板在各種焊接順序下的整體變形規律基本相似，即焊後壁板沿焊縫縱向發生了向下的撓曲變形，中部向下變形量最大;沿焊縫橫向發生了向上的撓曲變形，壁板兩端部變形量較大，且壁板前端變形大於壁板後端。The relative disadvantage angle of transfixion crack how to affect rock mass stabilization can be researched in this article, and the mechanics characteristic in the unloading process for unloading rock mass with single transfixion crack also be analyzed, which affords theory reference to projects of unloading rock mass with single transfixion crack
通過試驗，探討了貫通裂隙影響巖體穩定的相對不利傾角以及單貫通裂隙巖體卸荷過程的力學特徵，得出裂隙位置的變化促成巖體變形的遞變；特殊位置的裂隙促使巖體的各向導性更加明顯的結論，為相關工程問題提供理論參考。Based on biphasic porous medium model of articular cartilage, this thesis regards the solid phase as isotropic linear elastic medium, the fluid phase as ideal fluid, the deformation as small, and the permeability depending on the volume strain of solid phase, and deduce out the finite element method for this nonlinear model
本文針對關節軟骨兩相多孔介質模型，視固體相為各向同性線彈性介質，流體相為理想流體，變形為小變形，滲透率與固體相體積應變相關，研究該非線性模型的有限元法。It is proved that the stability of rock mass high slope is mostly affected by lots of discontinuous structural faces like joints and faults, etc. it makes the rock mass be different from intact rocks completely in mechanical properties. so it is necessary for us to do some research on the deformation failure mechanism, and accordingly, we should do some research on the evolvement course and evaluation methods of stability about rock mass high slope
工程實踐證明，節理巖體高邊坡的穩定性取決于邊坡中的不連續結構面，如節理、裂隙、軟弱面和不同巖層的分界面，這類結構面的存在使巖體變形破壞的特性與完整巖石截然不同，因此，有必要加強對節理巖體高邊坡變形破壞機制的研究及相應的節理巖體高邊坡穩定性評價方法的研究。In proceedings of the international conference on shape modeling and applications, genoa, italy, 2001, pp. 209 - 215. 23 marc alexa. differential coordinates for local mesh morphing and deformation
由於應變場可以對物體變形程度進行定量描述，因此拓撲相同的原始形狀和目標形狀之間即使差異很大，本文方法產生的結果也能從理論上保證漸變過程光滑均勻。The element leading to problems could be extremely complicated, for instance, insufficient consideration during the model setup ; certain affecting elements vary with different types of ship, like the ship hull deformation, shaft vibration and reinforcing hardness and so on ; inadequate accuracy control and errors during the construction
導致問題的因素相當復雜，有計算模型的建立過程考慮因素不周；也有一些影響因素的特定性，對于不同的船型而不同，如船體變形，軸系振動，支座剛度等；還有施工過程精度控制不夠或施工過程出現錯誤。And the results show that the calculated settlement agree well with that of measured. the paper established the dynamic pore pressure models of soft soil subgrade and composite foundation, compiled the dynamic fem program of undrained effective stress method, considering the elasto - plasticity of foundation soil as well as the interaction of pavement and foundation, thoroughly analyzed the deformation characteristics of pavement and foundation, and these results are instructive for the construction of pavement or airport runway
本文建立了軟土地基和復合地基的動孔壓經驗模型，編制了不排水有效應力動力反應分析有限元程序，不僅考慮了地基土體的彈塑性，而且考慮了道路結構與地基的相互作用，比較全面地分析了交通荷載作用下道路與地基的整體變形特性，對道路工程或機場道面工程的建設具有一定的指導意義。Because change of volume reflected eroding process of watershed and surface change reflected change of topography surface, this model described relationship between watershed topograph and erosion
由於相對體積變化反映了流域遭受侵蝕的過程，而表面積變化體現的是地形表面的變化，因而此關系模型同時表述了流域地形與侵蝕之間的關系。Based on researching and developing intrinsic character of fixed direction hulls, this paper develops and proves the property which make it can be apply to collision detection in complex environment and resolves the problems about intersection tests between bounding volumes, updating bounding volumes after rotation and updating bounding volume hierarchy after deformation
本文在充分研究了固定方向凸包的固有特性的基礎上，開發並證明了它適用於復雜環境中軟體碰撞檢測的性質，並著重解決了包圍盒間的相交測試、對象運動后包圍盒的更新、對象變形后包圍盒樹的更新等問題。Topography fractal dimension related with process of development of watershed physiognomy and represented degree of watershed development, v ) sediment yield intensity of watershed model reflected erosion characteristic of watershed model in different development phase. simulating experiment indicated that sediment yield intensity took on the trend that they changed from small to big then decreased gradually. the relationship of average sediment transport rate and sediment yield rate per mm rainfall with topography fractal demension is expressed by gaussian model and this model is similar with relationship between volume and surface area
（ 5 ）流域模型產沙強度的變化反映了流域模型在不同發育階段的侵蝕特徵，模擬試驗研究結果表明：在整個流域模型地貌地貌的發育過程中，其產沙強度呈現由小到大，然後又逐漸減小的總體趨勢，流域模型單位降雨產沙率及平均輸沙率與地形分維數表現為gaussian模型關系，其關系形式與結論3中相對體積和表面積之間關系相似，進一步說明了以地形分維數表達地形變化的合理性。The settlement is analyzed by using the settlement calculation theory already existed and the pile deformation modulus is researched under the different test conditions. it results in the different pile modulus of deformation that the pile side constraint is different because of the different testing conditions, so the settlement calculation for composite foundation of stone columns must use different computing modes based on the testing conditions
利用已有的沉降計算理論對沉降進行了分析，並對不同試驗條件下的樁體變形模量進行了研究；樁體側限阻力因試驗條件不同而有差異，導致樁體變形模量的不同，故碎石樁復合地基的沉降計算應根據測試條件的不同選取相應的計算模式。分享友人