立法者和公民 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lìfǎzhěhégōngmín]
立法者和公民 英文
the legislator and the citizen
  • 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 者 : Ⅰ助詞1 （用在形容詞或動詞後面 或帶有形容詞或動詞的詞組後面 表示有此屬性或做此動作的人或事物） 2 ...
  • 和 : 和動詞（在粉狀物中加液體攪拌或揉弄使有黏性） mix （powder） with water, etc. : 和點兒灰泥 prepare some plaster
  • 公 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （屬于國家或集體的） state owned; collective; public 2 （共同的;大家承認的） common; gen...
  • 民 : Ⅰ名詞1 （人民） the people 2 （某族的人） a member of a nationality 3 （從事某種職業的人） a pers...
  • 立法 : legislation立法程序 legislative process [procedure]; 立法創制權 legislative initiative; 立法調查 ...
  1. After the comparative analysis of the reasons for exoneration in legislations in germany, japan and france, the author points out the attitude that our country should adopt on this issue, and then analyze the conflict on the reasons for exoneration between general principles, desposition methods and pronunciation, finally, the author calls for legislation to solve the issue. part ii : the identification of the liability subjects for vehicle accidents

    通過比較德國、日本和法國這三個適用無過錯責任的國家在免責事由方面的立法，指出我國在機動車交通事故免責事由上應當採取的態度，繼而分析了《民法通則》 、 《處理辦法》以及《公告》三者之間在免責事由方面的沖突，建議盡快通過立法予以解決。
  2. To add " there are many loopholes in the operation and sales practices of telecommunications service providers, " after " that, as " ; to add " and such complaints from the public are often not followed up effectively by government departments, " after " in recent years, " ; to add " stipulate corresponding penalties " after " to cover pay television, " ; and to add " ; furthermore, as the hong kong housing authority has signed agreements with pay television operators, these operators can enter the buildings to set up and maintain communal aerial systems and can deploy front - line promoters to approach the residents to sell other various commercial services, using the provision of exclusive maintenance and supply services as a selling point and adopting unscrupulous means to entice or mislead the residents into signing an agreement with them, causing great disturbance to the residents ; in this connection, the government must adopt measures to combat such sales malpractices, take the initiative to inform public rental housing tenants of the rights and responsibilities of the operators and, when the operators resort to malpractices or malpractices are reported by residents, take immediate action to investigate the matter and issue warning to and penalize the operators concerned ; the government must also review the problem of inequity in accessing system information by consumers and the telecommunications service providers, whereby consumers have no means or right to obtain true and accurate information about the systems that they are using and can only pay the fees according to the volume, system and time slots of their calls shown on the records provided unilaterally by the service providers, and in case of queries about such information, the decision of the service providers prevails and there is no channel for the consumers to dispute or verify ; to this end, the government should expeditiously study how to ensure that consumers have the rights to know, choose, verify, appeal and claim for compensation in the provision of telecommunications services including pay television, local and cross - boundary telecommunications and internet services " after " in the contracts "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"各電訊服務提供者的營運和銷售存在不少漏洞， "在"不斷增加， "之後加上"而市民的投訴又往往得不到政府部門的有效跟進處理， "在"收費電視， "之後加上"訂定相應的罰則， "及在"標準合約條款"之後加上"此外，由於香港房屋委員會與收費電視營辦商簽訂協議，該等營辦商可進入大廈鋪設及維修公共天線系統，並調派前線銷售人員，以獨家提供維修及供應服務作為招徠，向住戶推銷其他各種商業服務，以不當手法誘使或誤導住戶與他們簽約，對居民造成很大困擾就此，政府必須採取措施打擊上述違規營銷的手法，並主動告知公屋住戶該等營辦商的權責范圍，遇有營辦商作出違規的行為或居民舉報營辦商的違規行為時，須立即追查，並向有關營辦商發出警告及作出處分政府亦須檢討現時消費者與電訊服務供應商所獲系統資訊並不對等的問題，即消費者無從及無權得知他們所選用系統的真實資料，令他們只能按服務供應商單方面提供有關通話量通話系統及通話時段的記錄繳交費用，遇有消費者質疑上述資料時，往往只由服務供應商作最終決定，消費者無從申辯或查證就此，本會促請政府盡快研究如何就各類電訊服務包括收費電視本地及跨境電訊網際網路等的提供，確保消費者享有知情權選擇權覆核權投訴權及索償權" 。
  3. Article 54. a civil juristic act shall be the lawful act of a citizen or legal person to establish, change or terminate civil rights and obligations

    第五十四條民事法律行為是公民或者法人設立變更終止民事權利和民事義務的合法行為。
  4. The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system

    高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同，也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同，也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立，須經過要約、承諾步驟，且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后，作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款，其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同，但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上，應當確立以實際履行為首，包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。
  5. This article is mainly a discussion on the spiritual damage compensation for close relatives of victim under the situations of damage to right of life, damage to the right of health and damage to the right of personality of the dead, which is based on an introduction and comparison of the concerned foreign legal regulations and academic theories and in combination with the legal practice in china wherefore the author put forwards his own ideas as following : first, under the condition that there is a distance of time between inj ury and death, the close relatives of the dead shall inherit the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation of the dead for the suffering before his death, in addition to their own intrinsic right of claim for spiritual damage compensation ; the second, under the condition that the inflictor has caused the disablement of the sufferer or serious damage to his health, the close relative in a limited cycle of the sufferer should be granted with the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation, which is confirmed in law and becomes a practice in foreign countries ; the third, since the aim of the law to protect the personality of the dead from infringement is to protect the benefits of the close relatives of the dead and to maintain public benefits, is constituted on the personality of the dead the close relative of the dead may initial legal proceeding for spiritual damage compensation

    本文重點探討的就是公民生命權受到侵害、健康權受到侵害、 「死者人格」受到侵害這三種情形下的受害人近親屬的精神損害賠償請求權問題。探討以介紹和比較國外相關法律規定和學術理論為前提，結合我國的實際情況，從理論與實踐相結合的角度對以上各問題分別進行了分析，並提出了作者自己的一些見解：第一、在公民從受傷害到死亡有一段時間距離的情形下，死者的近親屬除依法享有其固有的精神損害賠償請求權以外，還可以繼承死者生前就其所受之精神損害而享有的精神損害賠償請求權；第二、在加害人的行為已造成直接受害人殘疾，或者是造成其健康嚴重受損的其他後果的情形下，我國應在借鑒國外已有立法和判例的基礎上，賦予一定范圍內的受害人近親屬以精神損害賠償請求權；第三、法律保護死者人格不受侵害的目的是為了保護死者近親屬的利益和維護公共利益，一般情形下，只要死者近親屬能證明其訴訟主體的合法性，能夠證實侵害「死者人格」的行為已構成侵權，即可推定死者近親屬因此而遭受了精神痛苦? ?無須舉證的「名義上的精神損害」 ，死者近親屬即可提起精神損害賠償之訴。最後，本文認為，加強對受害人近親屬的權利和利益保護問題的研究，既有一定的必要性，同時又具有十分重要的現實意義。
  6. Panellists at the forum were heavyweights of the financial services and academic sectors. they included the deputy vice - chancellor of the university of hong kong, professor y. c. richard wong ; the senior adviser to vice - chancellor of the university of hong kong, professor kai - ming cheng ; the executive council and legislative council member, mr bernard chan ; the head of north and east asia and chief executive of bnp paribas hong kong branch, mrs mignonne cheng ; the co - head of investment banking in asia and asia financing group of goldman sachs, mr mark machin ; the vice - president undergraduate education and chair professor of finance of city university of hong kong s faculty of business, professor richard ho ; the executive director of the hongkong and shanghai banking corporation ltd, mr peter wong ; the executive director and chief executive officer of standard chartered bank hong kong ltd, mr peter sullivan ; the audit partner of deloitte touche tohmatsu, mr philip tsai ; the president and chief executive officer of bank of america asia ltd ; and mr samuel tsien

    論壇的講者屬財經界和學術界舉足輕重的人士，他們包括香港大學首席副校長王于漸教授香港大學校長資深顧問程介明教授行政會議暨立法會議員陳智思法國巴黎銀行東北亞洲區域總裁鄭陶美蓉女士高盛亞洲有限責任公司亞洲區投資銀行部及亞洲區融資部聯合主管馬勤香港城市大學副校長本科生教育及金融學講座教授何?基教授香港上海匯豐銀行有限公司執行董事王冬勝渣打銀行香港有限公司執行董事及行政總裁蘇利民德勤審計服務合人蔡永忠及美國銀行亞洲行政總裁錢乃驥。
  7. This text tries to investigate the law relation which create from administration contract behavioral by anglicizing the difference between the administration contract and the administration contract behavioral, then put forward own idea : administration contract is a agreement which using administration corpus as its administration purpose and the citizen legal person and other organization reach base on similar meaning through consultation, it is pleasing result for both parties, the administration contract has and only has one party concerned as its administration corpus ; but administration contract behavioral is a behavioral when administration corpus establishment, implement, change, terminate administration contract, it is single and concrete, the two sides have different innate character obviously

    本文試從通過行政合同與行政合同行為的差異分析入手，進而探索行政合同行為產生的法律關系，並由此提出自己的觀念：行政合同是行政主體為行政目的，與公民、法人和其他組織通過協商方式在意思表示一致的基礎上所達成的協議，它是雙方合意的結果，行政合同行政合同相關問題的法律分析中文提要有且僅有一方當事人為行政主體;而行政合同行為則是行政主體在行政合同訂立、履行、變更和終止過程中發生的行為，它是單方的、具體的;兩者本質明顯不同。
  8. In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the canadian constitution can do a competent job on political stories

    譯文但是，新聞工作者對於法律的理解應該比普通公民更加深刻美女傷心這個觀點是在對于新聞媒體的既定規范和特殊的社會責任有深刻認識的基礎之上建立的。
  9. Since china is transforming from planned economy to market - directed economy, so the establishment and perfection of civil liability system of information disclosure is more important than those countries with mature capital markets. the civil liabilities system is a great help in perfecting the system of the chinese securities law, protecting the interests of inventors, fruitful deterring securities market violators, and attracting the foreign capital

    建立和完善信息披露的民事責任制度不僅是證券法自身完善和實現其功能的需要，也是保護投資者的利益，有效遏制中國證券市場的各種違規現象，企業上市融資和規制上市公司行為，以及吸引外國中小投資者的資金的需要。
  10. Finally some legislation suggestions on this issue are proposed in the thesis, which are expected to be beneficial to the amendment on corporation law. in the last section, the civil liability of the violation of directors " duties is discussed form five aspects. on the basis of the study on the reference of overseas corresponding legislation, the author proposes some suggestions to improve the legislation of directors " civil liabilities in our corporation law

    最後，文章對董事違反義務而對公司承擔民事責任的性質、構成要件、責任形式等問題做了探討，筆者認為董事對公司的民事責任的性質應區別董事是違反注意義務還是忠實義務而定，並在借鑒其他國家和地區的公司立法的基礎上，提出了一些立法建議，以完善我國公司法上董事的民事責任制度。
  11. As to the cause of the conflict, the author proveals its inevitability from the confliction of benefit, the mutuality of right and the limitation of legislation. then the author discusses conflicts of ipr result from the speciality of ipr, legislation, the administrative enforcing of law, the negative effect of citizen ' s right and law idea, the new technology revolution and economic development

    關于沖突產生原因，筆者從利益沖突性、權利相互性、立法局限性三方面論證其產生的必然性，其後結合實踐論述知識產權權利沖突正是知識產權特殊性、立法和行政執法及公民權利和法律意識負面影響、新技術革命和經濟發展對知識產權影響等諸因素綜合作用的結果。
  12. This is a legal liability. the third part includes the corporate shareholders, the creditors and other people whose interests are related to the company

    第三部分闡述必須確立董事對第三人民事責任，這是一種法定責任，第三人包括股東和債權人及其他公司利益相關者。
  13. However domestic unmature security marbet restrict amc ' s free shares transfer. my opinion is to improve and regulate by law in the course of d - to e. firstly, it is necessary to grasp d to e principle accuratly and construct strict qualification system, secondly, it is important to guarantee amc to enterprise system can keep amc ' s as shareholder control of d to e enterprise, and improve continuously amc ' s management level and efficiency. it is necessary to make special regulation about the duration periods and vavle of amc ' s egutity in legislation to sustain amc benefit, moreover, 13 to e also coordinate with state - owned ' s out - strategy and adjust ownership through social and. private cash input, these also help solve the problem of uvclear state - owned ownership entity ; at the same time, it is necessary to improve security market to widen the ways of share transfer, to be outward transfer as main transfer way, to cultivate institutional investor and reform equity system ; at last it is important to difine correctly bovernment ' s role and play its role. government should be in the nationwide view to organize, coordinate balance support regulate to guarantee d to e ' s performance

    筆者認為，債轉股實施過程中，應依照法律規范予以完善和制約，首先應準確把握其操作原則，特別注意嚴格把好債轉股的準入關;其次，切實發揮金融資產管理公司的職能作用，促使企業轉換經營機制建立現代企業制度，要確保金融資產管理公司作為股東對債轉股企業的最終控制權，不斷提高金融資產管理公司的運作水平和效率，並且在立法上對債轉股中的股權的存續和價值的保護進行特別規定，以維護金融資產管理公司的合法權益;再者，債轉股還要與國有經濟的戰略性退出相結合，進行必要的產權結構調整，通過引入社會資金、民營資本等其他成分徹底解決國企產權主體虛位和產權不明晰的現象;同時，要完善資本市場，積極拓寬股權的退出通道，把對外轉讓作為股權的主要退士方式，培育機構投資者，改革股權制度;最
  14. On the real situation of china, through combining guaranty law and its interpretation, maritime law, civil aircrafts law and the draft of real rights law, this essay analyzes the present rules on china chattel mortgage publication with historical method and comparative method as its research method. it points out that the disadvantage of china chattel mortgage publication is its lack of superficial features and puts forward settlement for this problem on the basis of domestic and foreign practices as to this problem and proposals form scholars

    本文立足於我國的現實國情，結合我國《擔保法》 、 《擔保法解釋》 、 《海商法》 、 《民用航空器法》以及《物權法草案》 ，以歷史法學和比較法學為研究方法，分析了我國動產抵押公示方式的現有規定，指出我國動產抵押公示的缺陷是抵押登記缺乏表現于外部的表面特徵;在分析了國內外解決動產抵押公示難題的各種具體作法及學者建議的基礎上，提出了適合我國國情的解決動產抵押公示難題的辦法。
  15. To add " the economic activities of hong kong are getting busier by the day and its population keeps growing, and " after " that, as " ; to add " generated " after " amount of waste " ; to add " and trades " after " development of environmental industries " ; to add " and trades " after " comprehensive policy on environmental industries " ; to add " and principles such as polluter - pays to reduce waste generation and increase incentive to recover waste and, at the same time, studying the feasibility of restricting the disposal of toxic waste in landfills, so as " after " producer responsibility scheme " ; to add " the source separation of domestic waste programme as well as " after " comprehensively implementing " ; to add " as well as separation " after " recovery stations " ; to delete " and " after " green procurement policy " and substitute with ", " ; to add " and strongly urging public and private organizations to develop green procurement guidelines " after " to comply with it " ; to add " and labelling " after " green certification " ; to add " as well as establishing a database " after " products and services " ; to add " expediting the tendering exercise for the remaining lots in phase i of the ecopark and expeditiously drawing up a timetable for the granting of lots in phase ii in order to develop high value - added environmental industries ; " after " ; to delete " and " after " related work ; " and substitute with " reviewing the existing legislation regulating environmental industries and trades and actively studying the feasibility of implementing a licensing regime for certain environmental industries and trades, in order to enable a healthy development of such enterprises and, at the same time, avoid causing unnecessary damage to the natural environment and nuisances to the residents in the vicinity ; and " ; to delete the original " and substitute with " ; to add " and trades " after " participate in those environmental industries " ; and to add " and trades " after " promoting the economic development of environmental industries "

    在"鑒于"之後加上"香港經濟活動日益頻繁和人口持續增加， "在"本港廢物"之後加上"產生"在"構成環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"政府為環保工業"之後加上"和行業"在"生產者責任制"之後刪除" ，以" ，並以"和污染者自付等原則，以減少產生廢物和增強廢物回收意欲，同時研究限制將有毒廢物棄置在堆填區的可行性，從而"代替在"全面推行"之後加上"家居廢物源頭分類計劃和"在"廢物回收點"之後加上"分類"在"遵守， "之後加上"力促各公營和私營機構訂立環保采購指引， "在"環保認證"之後加上"和標簽"在"制度， "之後加上"以及建立資料庫， "在"六"之後加上"加快進行環保園第一期餘下土地的招標工作和盡快制訂第二期計劃的批地時間表，以發展高增值的環保工業"在"相關工作"之後刪除"及" ，並以"七檢討現行規管環保工業和行業的法例，積極研究對某些環保工業和行業實施發牌制度的可行性，令該等企業得以健康發展，同時避免對自然環境帶來不必要破壞和對附近居民造成滋擾及"代替刪除原有的"七" ，並以"八"代替在"具前景的環保工業"之後加上"和行業"及在"推動環保工業"之後加上"和行業" 。
  16. And as mainstream media are unable to report on such important events and topics as illegal house arrests, forced disappearances and the civil rights and civil society movements, blogs have become a platform and a chance through which social works and independent thinkers can interact with the public

    而對于主流媒體不能報道的非法軟禁、逼迫失蹤、維權以及公民社會運動的重要事件等話題，博客成為社會工作者、有獨立思想人士的一個平臺和接觸公眾的機會。
  17. Based on the study of vast treatises, articles, and regulations and on - the - spot investigation in the people ' s bank of china ( pbc ), china development bank ( cdb ) and china everbright bank ( ceb ), the author firstly summarized contents of fhc and financial supervision ; secondly, respectively introduced legislative development and law system of fhc in united states, japan and other countries ; and finally, put forward several ideas and advice on their problems

    本文作者仔細閱讀了大量的國內相關論著、論述、法律規定，查閱了相當的國外資料，並親自到人民銀行監管辦、國家開發銀行及中國光大銀行進行了調研。在此基礎上，作者首先對金融控股公司及金融監管的內容作以概述，再分別介紹了美國、日本等國金融控股公司監管立法的發展和法律制度，繼而作者對我國金融控股公司經營及監管存在的問題提出幾點完善的意見及立法建議。
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