立筋 的英文怎麼說

Abstract : considering the action of soil lateral compression on the single base with short column and the research result of the piles, the calculation to the effect of soil lateral compression on the base is put forward. according to the calculation results, the design method of the single base with short column considering the soil lateral compression is given. it ' s apparent that the design method here can save concrete and reinforcement compaired with the one without considering the lateral action of soil

文摘:考慮土壤側壓力對帶短柱獨立基礎的作用，基於對樁的研究結果，提出土壤側壓力及對基礎受力影響的計算，根據分析計算結果提出了考慮土壤側壓力作用的帶短柱獨立基礎的設計方法，顯然這一計算方法較未考慮土壤側壓力作用的計算方法合理並能節約砼及鋼筋

Webbing sling, round sling, lifting sling, nylon rope, rope ladder, cargo net lifting sling belt group have a long history for more than 46 years of specializing in different types of slings, mainly products including polyester webbing sling, polyester round sling, polyester cargo lashing, super sing, flat sling, flat webbing sling, flat web sling, polester web sling, tree strap, webbing strap, doublebraid, recovery strap, recovery tow strap, lashing systems, polyester sling, polyester belt sling, hollow braid, synthetic webbing, endless sling, nylon sling, synthetic web sling, synthetic sling, webbing sling, round sling, cargo lashing, ratchet tie down, ratchet lashing, ratchet strap, ratchet tie down strap, nylon webbing, nylon strap, tubular round ropes, braided rope, diamond braid rope, starter rope, safety net, safety belt, cargo net, safety rope, climbing rope, rope ladder, building net, nylon net, polyester webbing sling, polyester round sling, tie down, cargo restraint, webbing strap, duplex eye - eye webbing sling, eye - eye webbing sling endless webbing sling, widely and heavy duty webbing sling, multi - sling, ratchet lashing, tow strap, web belt sling, flat webbing sling, nylon rope ladder, industrial safety nets, nylon cargo net, dock net, synthetic webbing sling, lifting clamp, braided rope, 3 strand rope, 12 strand rope, 8 strand rope, cargo net, shipmast net, tube net, solid braided rope, braided rope net, sports net, pe net, safety net, scaffold net, synthetic slings, wide lift sling, round webbing sling, flat webbing sling with eyes, flat webbing endless sling, wire rope sling, multi - set sling, pipe lifting sling, pipeline sling, lowering belt, heavy duty anti cutting sleeves, fiberglass rope, fiberglass wick, braided fiberglass rope, fiberglass rope lamp, fiberglass oil lamp wick, fiberglass strap, solid braided fiberglass rope - round, fiberglass tapes, ceramic fiber rope, fiberglass braided rope, pipe handling sling, lowering in belts, stone handling sling, flat lifting sling pipe lifting belt synthetic fiber round sling synthetic lifting sling, synthetic fiber sling, nylon webbing strap, pipe sling, bandsling, pipe sling with reinforced eyes, lifting sling with reinforced eyes, pipeline pipe industrial farm lifting sling, endless sling, eye eye sling, oil field sling, truck strap, winch strap, cargo tie down, track ratchet strap, tow strap winch flat rope tow line, heavy duty webbing towing lifting sling, cargo sling, pp cargo sling, polyester cargo sling, flat pack sling, ceramic fiber rope twisted rope braided round rope braided square rope

2圓形尼吊裝繩系列：無接頭尼吊裝繩兩頭扣尼吊裝繩多叉尼吊裝繩船用錨繩纜繩引紙繩變壓器吊裝繩各種規格編織吊繩，尼繩，啟動拉繩，啟動繩，引擎拉繩，引擎繩，起動拉繩，起動繩，動力繩，安全清洗繩，安全繩，保險繩，耐火救生繩，維綸繩，丙綸繩，滌綸繩，錦綸繩，尼吊繩，尼吊裝繩，錨繩，靠岸繩，旗繩，晾衣繩，復合吊繩，掛衣繩，宿營繩，保護繩，防火繩，尼網，休閑吊網，跳繩，蠶絲繩，全棉繩，塑膠繩，布繩，拔河繩，攀巖繩，遊艇繩，綿綸絞制繩，織制繩，登山繩，拔河繩，立桿繩，水平繩，工藝繩，吊繩，船用纜繩，絞制纜繩，綿綸絕緣繩，三股繩，八股繩，軍用繩，線路牽引繩，吊棕繩，割刀繩，引紙繩，包裝袋繩，禮品盒繩，酒盒繩，食品盒繩，手提袋用繩，禮品盒用繩，工藝品用繩，服裝用繩，聚乙烯繩，聚丙烯繩，混紡繩，纖維綸繩，復絲繩，撕裂膜繩，編織繩，加鉛繩，功能繩，軟梯繩，尼軟梯，軟梯，尼繩梯，尼梯繩，安全網，棉繩，彈力橡筋繩，嵌邊繩，封蠟繩等，啟動繩啟動拉繩引擎繩引擎拉繩起動拉繩，雙編織繩，金剛打編織繩，股編織繩，股編織繩，多股編織繩。

I am less affected by their heroism who stood up for half an hour in the front line at buena vista ， than by the steady and cheerful valor of the men who inhabit the snowplow for their winter quarters ； who have not merely the three - o ' - clock - in - the - morning courage ， which bonaparte thought was the rarest ， but whose courage does not go to rest so early ， who go to sleep only when the storm sleeps or the sinews of their iron steed are frozen

在布埃納維斯塔的火線上，能站立半小時的英雄，我倒不覺得怎樣，我還是比較佩服那些在鏟雪機里過冬，堅定而又愉快的人們；他們不但具有連拿破崙也認為最難得的早上三點鐘的作戰勇氣，他們不但到這樣的時刻了都還不休息，而且還要在暴風雪睡著了之後他們才去睡，要在他們的鐵馬的筋骨都凍僵了之後他們才躺下。

6. the sectional cross - sectional discrete yield - sruface model is used to spandrel deep beams, the effect of the shear deformation to shear force on ( he m ~ terial nonlinearity is considered, ( he bond slip in anchorage zones is regarded as the houndaty nonlinearity of a member. except the geometric nonhineaicty. consideration of double nonlinearities about materials an

6 、將分段截面離散的屈服面模型法應用於裙梁，考慮剪力剪切變形對材料非線性的影響，將錨固區鋼筋的粘結滑移看成構件的邊界非線性，不考慮幾何非線件，建立了裙梁考慮村料、邊界雙重非線性的空間滯回曲線分析模型。

Consideration of the additional axial, two angular deformations generated by the bond slipping in anchorage zones of joints, the assumption is made, that the plane section of either end of a member before bond slipping of reinforcements remains afler bond slipping of reinforcements. additional deformations * contribution to stif ? nesses of plastic sub - elements is formed from the boundary nonlinearity of plastic stabelements. the space bond slip relation can truly compute bond slip in anchorage zones, additional def ? rmatinns, and their contribution to the space nonlinearity of a niember, has used iii space nonlinear analysis of columns and spandrel beams in this dissertation

附加變形對塑性子區域的剛度貢獻，看作是塑性子區域的邊界非線性，建立了構件端部子區域基於構件邊界非線性的鋼筋與砼之間的空間粘結滑移關系，能較真實地求得錨固區的粘結滑移、附加變形以及他們對構件空間非線性性能的貢獻，並運用於柱、裙梁的空間非線性分析之中。

The section loss of steel bars and degradation of bond intensity were taken into consideration in this study in order to establish the finite element model of corroded reinforced concrete beam through simulating the bond slip behavior between steel bar and reinforced concrete based on nonlinear spring element

摘要在考慮銹蝕引起的鋼筋橫截面損失和粘結強度下降的前提下，利用非線性彈簧單元模擬銹蝕鋼筋與混凝土之間的粘結滑移性能，建立了銹蝕鋼筋混凝土梁的有限元分析模型。

Based on tests of nine 1 / 2 - scaled model slabs under vertical loads, the paper analyzed load - deformation curve and proposed limit value of height - width ratio under axial loads. 2. based on aseismic tests, the paper put forward a model of concrete frame, silica brick and a combination of the two, proposed that the silica brick works as a 45 compression bar, analyzed the factors which may influence bearing capacity of the slab and advised a formula including the numbers of bays and of storeys of the frame

通過對墻板模型的抗震性能試驗研究，建立了由鋼筋混凝土框格、砌塊以及兩者協同作用三個部分組成的承載力極限狀態下的理論簡化計算模型；提出了墻板中填充塊等效斜壓桿寬度按45度計算的統一量化標準；分析了影響墻板承載力的主要影響因素，給出了表達墻板框格層數和跨數不同的斜截面承載力實用設計計算公式。

Hardly knowing what she did, she picked up a little bit of stick, and held it out to the puppy ; whereupon the puppy jumped into the air off all its feet at once, with a yelp of delight, and rushed at the stick, and made believe to worry it ; then alice dodged behind a great thistle, to keep herself from being run over ; and the moment she appeared on the other side, the puppy made another rush at the stick, and tumbled head over heels in its hurry to get hold of it ; then alice, thinking it was very like having a game of play with a cart - horse, and expecting every moment to be trampled under its feet, ran round the thistle again ; then the puppy began a series of short charges at the stick, running a very little way forwards each time and a long way back, and barking hoarsely all the while, till at last it sat down a good way off, panting, with its tongue hanging out of its mouth, and its great eyes half shut

她幾乎不知道該怎麼辦，拾了一根小樹枝，伸向小狗，那隻小狗立即跳了起來，高興地汪汪叫著，向樹枝沖過去，假裝要咬，愛麗絲急忙躲進一排薊樹叢後面，免得給小狗撞倒，她剛躲到另一邊，小狗就向樹枝發起第二次沖鋒。它沖得太急了，不但沒有抓著樹枝，反而翻了個筋斗，愛麗絲覺得真像同一匹馬玩耍，隨時都有被它踩在腳下的危險，因此，她又圍著薊樹叢轉了起來，那隻小狗又向樹枝發起了一連串的沖鋒。每一次都沖過了頭，然後再後退老遠，而且嘶聲地狂吠著。

This paper focuses on the research of the stress mechanism of the ribbed shell structure in statics, dynamics and under the explosive load on the basis of the engineering practice of cave depot of single aircraft. in this paper, according to the classical shell theories, the basic differential equilibrium of the ribbed shell structure and the finite element analysis of 3d rippled plate are established, in which the function of annular ribs reinforcement bars and 3d ripped steel plates are distributed in the range of the steel, and the functions along the longitude direction of tension, bending, and torsion are neglected ; applied with dynamic analytical theory, the dynamic model of ribbed shell structure and the analytical theory model of elastic - plastic are set up ; the triangle series method is used to solve the displacement and stress under the distributed load and the concentrated load of the ribbed shell structure

本文以軍用機場地面單機掩蔽庫工程建設為工程背景，首次對內襯三維波紋鋼板混凝土拱型復合結構的受力機理進行了靜力、動力和爆炸荷載的分析研究。根據將橫肋、鋼筋及三維波紋鋼板的作用均勻分佈在殼體范圍內的情況，忽略橫肋、鋼筋及三維波紋鋼板沿殼體母線方向的抗拉、抗彎及其抗扭作用，首次推導出了內襯三維波紋鋼板混凝土殼體的微分平衡方程，建立了有限元計算模型，並採用三角函數法，求解了三維波紋鋼板混凝土拱型復合結構在分佈荷載和集中荷載作用下的位移響應和應力響應，並與普通殼體進行了比較。

In this paper, ansys data model and corresponding physical model are built in simple concrete beam based on the theory and method of structure diagnosis and made a experiment, in order to examine the diagnosis ability of diagnosis theory, many kinds of diagnosis designs are put forward

本文建立了簡支鋼筋混凝土梁的ansys數值模型和相應的物理模型，並基於振動模態測試理論和方法，在試驗室進行了結構損傷試驗。為了檢驗各種診傷理論對結構損傷的位置、損傷程度的識別能力，設計了多組損傷模擬方案。

According to the shear - type floor model of frame structure, a basic control equation is constructed to analyze the nonlinear seismic responses of structure equipped with edd - bracing system. subsequently the dynamical finite element analysis are carried on to obtain the seismic response of a twelve - floor r. c frame with the three edd - bracing system under minute earthquake and disastrous earthquake, and the conclusions provide useful references for practical earthquake - resistant design

基於框架結構剪切型層模型，建立了耗能阻尼器對建築結構非線性地震反應的基本控制方程，由此進行了某十二層鋼筋混凝土框架結構設置三種耗能阻尼器在多遇和罕遇地震下的動力有限元分析，為進行實際結構設置耗能阻尼器的抗震設計提供了有益的參考。

Doctor candidate : yan qiwu supervisor : prof. slien pllsheng iii this thesis, a systematic theory on spatial elastic - plastic time - history analysis of reinforced concrete frame - tube structures tinder strong multiple earthquake excitations is established. covering problems about materal, rnember and structural system considering about the nonlinearity of material, geometry and boundary

木文考慮了材料、幾何、邊界非線性，建立了從材料、構件到結構的一個較為系統的鋼筋砼框筒結構在多維地震波作用下的空間彈塑性時程分析理論。

According to the load behavior and defection degrees of existed reinforced concrete bridge, the calculating modeles for normal section strength and bearing capacity for reinforced concrete bridge are established by the elasticity analysis and nonlinear analysis of grade stiffness degeneration

根據既有鋼筋混凝土橋梁的受力特點和損傷程度，採用兩種方法：即《規范》法分析理論和分級剛度退化非線性分析理論，分別建立了既有鋼筋混凝土橋梁正截面強度計算和承載能力評定的計算分析模型。

Based on measurement of strains of both horizontal stirrups in the joint core and longitudinal reinforcement passing througth the joint, in different stages, transfer mechanism and factors affacting seismic behavior of the joint, were analysed. under different shear compression ration, effect of axial force ratio on seismic behawior of the joint was also evaluated, static shear and seismic shear of the joint based on capacity design were investigated. on this basis, new governing criteria and conditions of seismic behavior of the joint were put forward

通過對節點區水平箍筋以及貫穿節點梁、柱縱筋在不同受力階段應變的精細量測，對節點的傳力機理以及影響抗震性能的因素進行了分析研究；對不同剪壓比條件下軸壓比對節點抗震性能的影響規律進行了分析研究；對不同受力階段梁筋的粘結退化規律以及節點區的剪切變形進行了分析研究；對節點的靜力抗剪與建立在能力設計思路上的抗震抗剪問題進行了深入研究，提出了建立在新思路基礎上的節點抗震性能控制準則和控制條件。

By means of the calculation results of interlaminar stress distributions, the influence of delamination growth on the resultant fatigue lives is qualitatively discussed, realizing that a more comprehensive analytical model is essential to include the effect of stacking sequence and the arosing interlamina stresses on fatigue behaviors of laminates. the recommended scheme was also used to calculate the fatigue lives of specimens with central holes subjected tensile - compressive cyclic loadings and has got comparable estimations with experimental results

發現和修正了有關文獻中的一些錯誤，重新建立了斷裂筋條彎曲修正的公式和位移協調方程，編制了相應的計算程序，根據計算結果探討了斷裂筋條和筋條彎曲對蒙皮裂紋的影響，指出了有的文獻上給出的計算曲線存在的謬誤。

He was enrolled in fakultas teknik bandung, indonesia, but he was not able to complete his studies. he followed his grandfather ' s advice to go back to china to toughen his bones there, he witnessed china ' s euphoria after 1949 and decided to heed its call to build up and strengthen the chinese nation

他早年在印尼萬隆荷蘭工科大學肆業，遵循祖父的叮嚀「回唐山去摔打你的筋骨」 ，又看到解放后的中國一片興旺，感念于中國的召喚，立志於「建設祖國，振興中華」 。

Model xjq has following features ： （ 1 ） dummy bottom is adopted, making the recycling capacity of the recycling cylinder is 2. 5times of the tand. ( 2 ) the stator is a cylinder in structure with its inner wall being vertically ribbed, and slots are placed, leading to better cutting lffect to the slurry. ( 3 ) due to low immerging depth of the rotator, low rurning speed of the impeller, and wide space between the impeller and stator, wearing is low and power consumption greatly reduced. ( 4 ) it is spontaneously aerated

Xjq型浮選機為仿維姆科型，該機主要有以下幾個特點： （ 1 ）採用了假底，循環簡可使循環量達到槽容積的2 . 5倍; （ 2 ）定子結構為圓筒型，內壁設有立筋條和長孔，對礦漿的前切作用好; （ 3 ）轉子浸沒深度淺，葉輪轉速低，葉輪和定子間隙大，所以其磨損輕，動力消耗大大減少; （ 4 ）可自吸空氣。

Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。

According to the special shape and operate requirements of the torpedo, the structure and moulding process of the torpedo shell are established, in which the body and overlay block with grooves are moulded by fiber winding, and close moulding respectively with the adhesive by limited stop compression. in the light of the selection of raw material system, composite system with outstanding performance are defined, based on which the mechanical properties are tested., with the overall consideration of structural characters and design demands, the main factors which may have effects on the strength and stability ( including stiffness section dimension, stiffeners space, skin thickness and skin lay angle ) is optimized one by one for the structure design parameters on the base of the fem model of skin, stiffness and layover block by fem. as a result, the prototype with 1 : 1 proportion and its structure and lay optimization design are completed. the moulding technology for polyurethane foam moulding the stiffened shell is obtai ned in terms of the design, manufacture moulding, experimental mould and tooling

依據在研產品特殊的外型結構和使用要求，確定了該型號水雷復合材料殼體的具體結構形式和復合成型工藝路線，即由纖維纏繞工藝成型主體異形件，閉模成型帶通槽外貼塊，用限位加壓工裝實現粘接的工藝路線；通過對原材料體系的篩選，確定了綜合性能較好的復合材料體系，以此為基礎進行了力學性能測試；運用有限元方法，建立了蒙皮、筋條和外貼塊的分析模型，綜合考慮結構特點和設計要求，對影響結構強度與穩定性的主要因素（包括筋截面尺寸、筋間距、蒙皮厚度、蒙皮鋪層角度）分別進行了結構設計參數的優選，最終完成了復合材料異形耐外壓殼體1 : 1樣件和縮比實驗件結構及鋪層優化設計；完成了聚氨酯泡沫胎成型內置加筋殼體的成型工藝技術研究；對縮比件進行外壓性能測試，並給出了應力、應變測試結果。

Specification for galvanized steel studs and channels for stud and sheet partitions and linings using screw fixed gypsum wallboards

採用螺釘固定石膏墻板的立筋隔段和隔板以及襯里用鍍鋅鋼螺柱和鋼槽規范