第一承包人 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [dìyīchéngbāorén]
第一承包人
英文
prime contractor-
Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。（ including ， without limitation ， indebtedness owing by seller to third parties who have granted buyer a security interest in the accounts ， chattel paper and general intangibles of said third party ； and further including ， without limitation ， any and all attorneys fees ， expenses ， costs ， premiums ， charges and interest owed by seller to buyer ， whether under the agreements ， or otherwise ） whether due or not due ， absolute or contingent ， liquidated or unliquidated ， determined or undetermined ， whether seller may be liable individually or jointly with others ， whether recovery upon such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes barred by any statute of limitations or whether such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes otherwise unenforceable ， and includes sellers prompt ， full and faithful performance ， observance and discharge of each and every term ， condition ， agreement ， representation ， warranty undertaking and provision to be performed by seller under these agreements
這里的術語「負債」 「債務」 （以下一併簡稱為債務）應按照各自最廣泛的含義被使用，債務包括賣方先前、現在和今後，基於自願或非自願發生的所有預付款、負債、債務和責任，不論債務如何產生， （包括但不限於，賣方對已用自己的帳戶、動產文書或一般無體物向買方提供擔保利益的第三方之負債，並進而包括但不限於，賣方在協議等項下欠付買方的全部律師費、支出、費用、保險費、運費和利息） ，不論債務是否已經到期、是否必然發生、是否已清算、是否已決，不論賣方是單獨或與他人連帶承擔責任，不論債務的追償是否已經或將會受到時效法的阻礙，也不論債務是否已經或將要無法強制執行，賣方應當即時、充分和善意的履行、遵守和完成全部條款、條件、協議、陳述、擔保義務和這些協議項下賣方應當履行的條款。As to the main points that constitute the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damage, four aspects are included : first, aggression upon one ' s spirit is the presupposition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; second, a certain case of spiritual damages is the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; third, the infringer ' s the subjective fault ( intentional or negligent ) is the subjective condition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; last, the relationship between the infringer " s action and the case " s consequence should be that between cause and effect, which is the causality condition
就精神損害賠償責任的構成要件來說，它包括四個方面的內容：第一，精神損害侵權行為是行為人承擔精神損害賠償責任的前提；第二，一定的精神損害事實和後果是承擔精神損害民事責任的客觀要件；第三，侵害人主觀上有過錯（故意和過失）是承擔精神損害賠償責任的主觀條件；第四，精神損害行為和損害後果之間有因果關系是承擔精神損害賠償責任的必要條件。對于精神損害賠償的范圍，世界各國的立法規定大不一樣。Because the system of communalism has bound ( ho progress of agricultural productivity, the reform is the result of history and the continual liberation of thoughts
第一個飛躍是廢除人民公社，實行以家庭聯產承包為主的責任制，因為人民公社這種體制束縛了農業生產力的發展。改革是歷史的必然，也是不斷解放思想的結果。From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered
第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。For example : since there are too many ruling departments and without a united procedure, it ' s hardly to provide safety guarantee for trading activities ; there is an overlapping risk on the object in a real estate mortgage guarantee case ; the character of the underlying indemnity right of a building - project constructor remains uncertain, and also there is no regulation on a possible effect collision between real estate mortgage guarantee and in - building house mortgage ; there is still no legal clause on the point that whether it is possible for a rural villager " house to become the object of mortgage guarantee
諸如，不動產抵押登記的管轄部門過多，程序不統一，難以保障交易安全；不動產抵押標的物有重合風險；建築工程承包人優先受償權的性質不明，且與在建房屋抵押權的效力沖突未規定；農村村民的房屋是否可以設定抵押權立法不明等。第三部分：對我國有關不動產抵押的幾個主要問題，包括設定抵押權的私房買賣中的權利限制、樓花按揭、城市房地產抵押的法律分析、不動產抵押權與租賃權的沖突與協調作了分析和探討。Article 18. for the purposes of item ( 3 ) of the first paragraph of article 6 of the tax law, the term " the gross income in a tax year " shall mean the share of the operating profit or the income of a wage or salary nature derived by the taxpayer according to the contract for the contracted or leased operation and the term " deduction of necessary expenses " shall mean a monthly deduction of rmb 800
第十八條稅法第六條第一款第三項所說的每一納稅年度的收入總額，是指納稅義務人按照承包經營、承租經營合同規定人分的經營利潤和工資、薪金性質的所得；所說的減除必要費用，是指按月減除800元。In chapter one writer try to analyze the concept of delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, the concept is " actions of the carrier, the agent or cargo ' s supervisor to deliver cargo without original bills of lading ", and this concept is in the same meaning in judicial practice of maritime court in china. chapter two legal character about delivery of cargo without original bills of lading is the theoretic basis of this paper
本文第一章從無單放貨的概念分析入手，無單放貨的含義從字面上理解應包括兩個方面， 「無單」即沒有正本提單， 「放貨」即指放行或交付貨物，故無單放貨定義應為「承運人或其代理人、貨物監管人沒有憑正本提單交付貨物的行為」 ，這一概念的概括擴展了其外延，與我國司法審判實踐中使用無單放貨這一概念實際情況相符合。In the more complicated cases of the debt and equity markets, where the investors actually take on the risk of the fund raisers, the roles of the financial intermediaries include the creation of the financial instruments in the primary markets the stock exchange and the underwriters of new share issues and the brokering of transactions in these instruments in the secondary markets the brokers and the market makers
至於在較復雜的債市及股市，投資者直接承受集資者的風險，金融中介人的角色則包括在第一市場創造金融工具即作為證券交易所及新股上市的包銷商，以及在第二市場促成這些工具的交易即作為經紀及市場莊家。In chapter one, the author states the evolution course of aircraft financial leasing, its definition, its reasonableness and legal nature, its features, and the main types of this transaction. chapter two is a statement on the parties of the aircraft financial leasing, their rights and obligations, and the series of documents coming into being during the aircraft financial leasing. chapter three is a part in which the author analyses the attached legal profits of the aircraft acquired through financial leasing
第一部分簡述航空器融資租賃的發展歷史，概念，合理屬性和法律性質，航空器融資租賃的特點和航空器融資租賃的三種主要形式；第二部分闡釋航空器融資租賃當事人主體資格、當事人構成及其權利義務、合同文件體系；第三部分分析作為租賃物件的航空器所承載的典型法律權益；第四部分探討航空器融資租賃中的特殊法律問題；第五部分研究航空器融資租賃風險及其防範；第六部分闡釋對全面發展航空器融資租賃的看法，提出對包括航空器在內的融資租賃立法目的和立法重點的幾個觀點。These are comprehensive covers for all types of civil and engineering construction projects such as office buildings, roads, factories, tunnels, dams, etc. coverage comprises protection against physical loss or damage and third party liability arising from a broad range of natural hazards or accidents similar to our fire property all risks policy. protection can also be extended to cover debris removal expenses, inland transit, maintenance liabilities, contractor s plant, etc
建築工程一切險和第三者責任險為各類土木建築工程，如樓宇公路工廠隧道水壩等提供全面保障，承保由多種自然災害或意外事故類似於財產一切險引起的財產損失及對第三者造成的人身傷亡和財產損失。保障范圍還可擴展至清除殘骸費用內陸運輸保證期責任承包商機器損壞等。Storage of goods ( excluding all licensed or unlicensed vehicles of any type, containers, containers on trailers, scrap metals, materials for recycling, vehicles for stripping and breaking, offensive goods ( in determining whether any goods stored on the premises amount to " non - offensive goods " the decision of the district lands officer shall be final and binding on the tenant ) and dangerous goods as defined in section 2 of the dangerous goods ordinance ( cap
存放貨物[不包括所有任何類型領有或未領有牌照的車輛、貨櫃、在拖架上的貨櫃、廢鐵、可循環再造的物料、待拆卸的汽車、厭惡性物品（在界定存放于該土地上的任何貨物是否屬于非厭惡性物品一事上，地政專員所作的決定為最終決定，並對承租人具約束力） ，以及《危險品條例》 （第The third chapter of this thesis, discusses the difficult positions of the carriers facing the matter of non - delivery at the port of destination, analyses the conflicts between the civil - commercial law and the customary law in dealing with the matter of non - delivery at the port of destination. in order to avoid wastes to the wealth of society and to help the carriers to deal with the difficult position facing non - delivery at destination, all the legal community should do their best to perfect the civil - commercial law and to coord
本文第三章探討實務中承運人在發生目的港無人提貨時所面臨的困境，解析民商法律和海關行政管理規定在處理目的港無人提取貨物問題上的沖突，認為解決目的港無人提貨問題，避免社會財富的巨大浪費，解脫承運人的困境，需要相關各方共同的努力，包括民商法律自身的完善，民商法律與海關行政管理規定的協調一致，當事方自身法律意識的提高和司法審判效率的改善。The forum was well attended by over 400 representatives from banks and law firms. distinguished speakers that spoke in support of the adoption of the model documents include the hon mr justice henry litton, mr tony latter, deputy chief executive of hong kong monetary authority, mr herbert tsoi, president of the law society of hong kong, mr alan leong, chairman of the hong kong bar association, mrs pamela chan, chief executive of the consumer council, mr lawrence law, head of mortgages, personal financial services, hsbc and mr peter choy, senior vice president, first pacific bank
位銀行及法律界代表踴躍出席，並有多位知名人士演講，支持採用標準按揭文件，包括烈顯倫法官香港金融管理局副總裁黎定得先生香港律師會主席蔡克剛律師香港大律師公會主席梁家傑資深大律師消費者委員會主席陳黃穗女士香港上海豐銀行個人理財業務總部按揭業務主管羅康平先生及第一太平銀行高級副總裁蔡承業先生。10 “ agent ” means a person or entity ( as an employee or independent contractor ) authorized to act on behalf of and under the control, from time to time, of a party or 3rd party
"代理人"指有時代表一方或第三方行事，並受其支配（作為雇員或獨立的承包商）的人員或實體。Later on, jinfuliang has successively developed some projects to processing toners, masterbatch and engineering plastics, etc. facing drastic challenges in the market, jinfuliang has always stuck to the business tenets of quality foremost and customer first. with its hk headquarters powerful support, jinfuliang, in aid of its outstanding specialists, scientific management and advanced production units, has been always engaged itself in providing customers with reliable products and satisfactory services, by which jinfuliang also enjoys great popularity among large quantities of customers, evenly including many famous enterprises like media, kelon, foxconn and longchang toys
在激烈的市場竟爭中，金富亮一直秉承「品質第一客戶至上」的經營宗旨，在香港總公司的強有力支持下，依靠優秀的專業人才，科學的管理方法，先進的機臺設備，給廣大客戶提供了優質可靠的產品和滿意高效的服務，贏得了包括美的科富士康昌玩具等知名企業在內的眾多客戶的贊譽。Committed to the corporate mission of customer first and foremost, first ferry has invested considerable sums to upgrade services and implemented a series of cost - saving and revenue - generating measures since the service commencement in 2000. these include the investment of 200 million to acquire eight brand new catamarans and upgrading the main engines of vessels to enhance service reliability. as a result, first ferry has always been renowned for its reliability to provide exemplary service to facilitate passenger mobility in festive occasions ; in the years to come, first ferry will continue its efforts to maintain safe and high quality ferry services for commuters
新渡輪以服務優質乘客第一為經營宗旨，自2000年投入服務以來，一直投放資源提升服務質素，當中包括斥資2億元購置八艘全新高速雙體船，及更新渡輪主機，加強服務的穩定性，在過往重大慶典的日子更能突顯新渡輪在應付疏導大人流的卓越表現，亦深得政府和社會人仕的信賴，新渡輪今後會繼續秉承宗旨，為大眾提供安全優質的渡輪服務。Contractor shall transact safety production insurance and third party liability insurance and offer safety production training on employees and take all necessary safety countermeasures
承包人應辦理安全生產保險，以及第三者責任險，對員工進行安全生產教育並採取一切必要的安全防範措施。The items of the reexamination and sampling examination as mentioned in the first paragraph include related certification documents of the principal and full - time technicians, financial status and capital amount of the enterprise, as well as the contents of the projects contracting manual
第一項復查及抽查項目，包括營造業負責人、專任工程人員之相關證明文件、財務狀況、資本額及承攬工程手冊之內容。In addition, there are great majority of risks especially such as accidental event, random natural calamity that can be expected in advance. as to owner and even contractor, it is very difficult to avoid these risks although they do their best to keep them away
除此之外，還有很大一部分風險尤其是意外事件、自然災害是隨機的、難以事先預料的，業主和承包商即使恪盡注意義務也難以避免，例如施工人員傷亡、第三者財產損毀或人身傷亡、材料缺陷、政治風險等。分享友人