等價雜質 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngjiàzázhí]
等價雜質 英文
isovalent impurities
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 雜 : Ⅰ形容詞（多種多樣的; 混雜的） miscellaneous; varied; sundry; mixed Ⅱ動詞（混合在一起; 攙雜） mix; blend; mingle
  • 質 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性質; 本質） nature; character; essence 2 （質量） quality 3 （物質） matter; substance;...
  • 等價 : of equal value; equal in value; equivalence
  • 雜質 : [固體物理] impurity; foreign substance; impurity substance; inclusion; foreign matter
  1. For this purpos, from the point of the log geology, aimed at the actuality of the current fractured reservoir log geology interpretation and evaluation, based on synthetical analysis of the current domestic and foreign fruit of fractal dimension investigation of reservoir fracture, using the method and technique of fractal dimension, through the further discussion of the fractal dimension characteristics of m index and n index in the log interpretation archie model in a sample way and through the theoretic reasoning to the fractal dimension dfa and m index of fractured reservoir interval ' s log curve, according to the geophysical signification of the fractal dimension dfa of fractured reservoir interval ' s log curve shape : the more complicated the change of the curve shape is, the larger the its dfa value is, then the more complicated space structure of fracture and pore, then the higher value of m index of space structure of fracture and pore, and so on, the text propounds an improved method, based on box dimension, of covering log curve with scale grid, and by programming computes the dfa and its m index value of fractured reservoir interval ' s log curve, for instance, ac and rt curve, ect, then further puts this technique into application investigation, and makes analysis of application effects in the reservoirs located in l area of qx oil field from three aspects : 1. the dfa and its m index value of fractured reservoir interval ' s log curve, for instance, ac and rt curve, ect, which are derived from computing, is used to identify reservoir type by crossplotting m index with the product df _ acrt of fractal dimension of acoustical wave log curve and restivity log curve and by experiential discriminance plate of reservoir type in l area of qx oil field

    因此，對該區裂縫性儲集層的類型識別、孔滲特徵的測井地質解釋以及儲層裂縫的發育和分佈規律進行深入的研究便成為本文研究的出發點。為此，本文從測井地質的角度，針對當前裂縫性儲層測井地質解釋與評價的現狀，在綜合分析當前國內外儲層裂縫的分形分維研究成果的基礎上，利用分形分維方法和技術，通過對archie測井解釋模型中的m指數、 n指數的分形分維特性的深入淺出的論述以及裂縫性儲層段測井曲線分維d _ （ fa ）與m指數的理論推導，根據裂縫性儲層測井曲線形態分維值的地球物理意義? ?曲線變化越復雜，則其分維值d _ （ fa ）越大、裂縫孔隙空間結構越復雜、裂縫孔隙空間結構指數m值越高等特徵，提出了改進的基於盒維數的測井曲線網格覆蓋法，編程計算了裂縫性儲層段常規測井曲線（如聲波和電阻率曲線）上分形分維值及其m指數值，進而從以下三個方面對qx油田l區塊的裂縫油藏進行應用研究，效果十分理想： 1將計算得到的可變的m指數與聲波和電阻率分維之積df _ acrt進行交繪，採用儲層分維值分類技術統計分析這些參數變化的規律，並結合qx油田l區塊儲層類型經驗判別圖版，從而實現qx油田l區塊下白堊統的裂縫性儲層的類型識別。
  2. 14 species are edible plants, 37 species are medicinal plants, 11 species are ornamental plants and31 species are feeding plants, the major types of halophytic vegetation in hebei province include ptenothalophyta such as tamarix chinensis brush and siberian brush, and littoral halophytic vegetation such as succulent vegetation, poion, chomophyte and etc. epidermal cell exosporium of tamarix chinensis blade is papillous and capillaceous ; stoma and salt - secreting gland are under the epidermis ; differentiation level of mesophyll tissue is rather high ; porder camber is obvious ; and mechanical tissue is developed

    河北省鹽生植物的經濟價值較高，其中可食用的鹽生植物共計14種，可藥用的鹽生植物37種，可飼用的鹽生植物31種，具有觀賞價值的鹽生植物11種，可以作為纖維植物計約9種。河北省主要鹽生植被類型有檉柳灌叢、西伯利亞白刺灌叢等落葉灌叢和肉質型、禾草型、雜類草型鹽塵植被等濱海鹽生植被。
  3. The structures and characteristics of several graphite samples are measured by means of powder x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), brunauer - emmer - teller ( bet ) surface area measurement, inductively coupled plasma ( icp ) spectroscopy, particle size analysis and electrochemical measurements. the effects of origin, structure, impurity, particle size, specific surface area of carbon materials on the electrochemical characteristics are studied. a synthetic graphite with abundant resources, low cost and favorable performance is determined as the raw material for modification of graphite

    採用xrd 、 bet 、 icp 、激光粒徑分析及電化學性能測試等方法，對國內外多種典型石墨樣品的結構與性能進行比較，研究石墨材料的來源、晶體結構、雜質含量、顆粒大小、比表面積等因素對其充放電性能的影響，確定一種性能較好、價格低廉、來源廣泛的普通人造石墨粉作為熱處理與摻雜改性、以及復合結構炭材料研究的原材料。
  4. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  5. The main expressions are : the substantiality of value outlook, the thinness of social responsibility, university students are " extremely self - centred ", the poorness of social morality, the disconnection of cognition and behavior, materialization of job application and study initiative

    主要表現為：價值取向趨于實惠，社會責任感淡薄，自我意識彰顯，公德素養較差，認知與行為脫節，求職和學習目的功利化等等。大學生道德素質方面存在問題的原因是復雜的。
  6. In this paper, taking one of the special processes - chromic acids anodizing for example, such administration methods as the key points control and the quality performance administration system for surface treatment process have been setup by process analysis and key points seeking. as for the complicacy of the quality control on metallurgical special processes and the huge statistic data, the quality information system of surface treatment have been established on the bases of computer database. this paper brings out the systematic evaluation way to setup reception test items by taking the reception test results as evaluation basis and sampling statistics as rules

    本文以鉻酸陽極氧化表面處理工藝為研究對象，通過工藝技術分析、尋找關鍵特性、建立對關鍵特性的控制等工作，研究建立了表面處理工藝動態質量管理系統；針對冶金特種工藝質量控制的復雜性及統計數據量大等特點，建立了以計算機數據庫管理為基礎的表面處理信息及處理系統；為解決冶金特種工藝原材料入廠復驗任務重的困難，建立了以原材料入廠復驗的試驗結果為評價基礎，以抽樣統計方法為依據的原材料入廠復驗項目優選系統等。
  7. It has been assessed as the chinese statistical resource journal the chinese core journal of science and technology and the chinese academic journal comprehensive evaluation database, enrolled in the guide to the core chinese periodical 2004 edition, and included by medline, abstract journal, and chemical abstracts, as well as several domestic authoritative data bases such as the china biological medicine database and chinese science citation database

    本刊始終堅持質量第一，所刊文章代表了國內中西醫結合最新水平，被確定為中國科技論文統計源期刊中國科技核心期刊中國學術期刊綜合評價數據庫統計源期刊，編入中文核心期刊要目總覽2004年版。 1983年被美國medline收錄， 2004年被美國化學文摘及俄羅斯文摘雜志收錄，還被中國科學引文數據庫中國生物醫學文獻數據庫等國內多個權威數據庫收錄，總被引頻次與影響因子均居同類期刊前列表1 。
  8. As the inevitable choice of enterprises to adapt to the knowledge - based economy development, knowledge management is a process of creating value for enterprises confronting the increasingly complicate changes of environment by taking advantage of collective intelligence to reinforce the ability of learning, contingency and innovation, which requires enterprises to apply various means, including organizing, culture, process, technique, strategy, and to establish the knowledge - respecting and talents - respecting culture environment gradually which will promote knowledge accumulation, share, diversion, and improve the inner and outer application of knowledge network

    知識管理作為企業適應知識經濟發展要求的必然選擇，其實質是企業在面對日益復雜的環境變化，綜合運用組織，文化、流程、技術、戰略等手段，通過有計劃，有目的的構建有利於知識的積累、共享、轉換和運用的內外知識網路以及尊重知識，尊重人才的文化氛圍，運用集體智慧提高企業的學習能力、應變能力和創新能力，並達到為企業創造價值的一種管理過程。
  9. The thesis offers the idea of applying the techniques of data - administration, computer transaction, computer graphic and the interaction between computer and people in the emulational research of the construction of three - dimensional geological modeling, which also succeeds in realizing the protracting of the administration of geological data, the layout of industrial section, complex section chart, complicated isoline chart and the three - dimensional geological modeling chart, and in providing valuable references for geological research and technological support for three - dimensional and complex geological research

    論文提出了運用數據庫管理技術、計算機處理技術和計算機圖視技術與人機交互技術建立三維地質建模與模擬研究的基本技術思路較成功地實現了地質數據管理、工區布置圖、復雜剖面圖、復雜等值線圖和三維地質模型圖的顯示與繪制，為地質科學研究提供了有價值的參考資料和三維復雜地學研究的技術支持環境。
  10. With those above, an essential explanation to the simplicity of the representation of rijndael s - box is given, and a direct proof to the equivalence between any two coordinate functions of rijndael s - box is provided, with the equivalence described by only one matrix of order eight over gf ( 28 ). 5

    利用這三種方法計算出的域元素分量表達式，解釋了rijndael演算法s盒代數表達式復雜度低的本質原因；給出rijndael演算法s盒分量函數間等價關系的一種直接的證明方法，並用一個八階gf （ 2 ~ 8 ）矩陣完全刻劃這種等價關系。
  11. Based on results of a lot of practical investigations, academic researches and comparisons of situations of real estate industry in changsha with that in other cities, this paper analyzes the present situations and existing problems of changsha ' s real estate industry and points out that the competition of foreign enterprises, the low degree of openness in renting system, the inefficiency in management, the conflicts of administration and practice, the lack of legal consciousness for agent serv ices, the nonstandardization of real estate management companies and the distemperedness in supervisory systems pose the outside threats ; ill managerial system, low technical level, small scales of companies, few measures for financing and marketing, poor quality and high prices of products pose the inside problems

    本文在大量調查和理論研究的基礎上，分析了長沙市房地產業的現狀和問題，提出了長沙住宅市場需求量預測模型，並對2002年長沙住宅市場需求量進行預測，對長沙房地產業發展進行縱向和橫向比較，論述了外國企業進入中國房地產市場指日可待，論述了我國目前土地出讓制度不透明，政策管理手段繁雜、效率不高，規劃部門與房地產業的滯后與沖突，中介服務機構缺乏法律，物業管理公司無法可依，監控體系不健全等外部環境問題；論述了我國目前房地產企業規模偏小，管理體制乏力，技術力量薄弱，融資渠道狹窄，產品質量不高，產品規格不齊，價格偏高，以及營銷手段落後等內部環境等問題。
  12. Although this method gives high sensitivity, the radioactive labels present many problems such as a potential hazard to analyst and environment, which limited its application in dna diagnostic laboratories. in order to overcome these problems a serious of non - radioactive dna probes such as fluorescent, chemiluminescent and electrochemical probes have been developed. although these new methods display many advantages, they have not been used to take place completely the traditional method because of low sensitivity or complex equipment or other shortcomings

    自20世紀80年代以來，各種非同位素如酶、熒光素、生物素、地高辛標記的化學發光法和熒光分析法以及以電活性物質做標記的電化學方法相繼問世，這些方法雖然在一定程度上克服了同位素標記的缺陷，但由於存在靈敏度不夠高或檢測系統龐雜或儀器價格昂貴或標記物不穩定等缺陷，還不能完全取代傳統方法。
  13. Al - doped zno thin films are emerging as an alternative potential candidate for ito flims recently. al doped zno thin films also can obtain a tunable band gap. especially, zno : al thin films with high c - axis orientated crystalline structure along ( 002 ) plane are potential device applications in broadband ultra - violet

    Al摻雜的zno薄膜不僅具有與傳統ito薄膜相比擬的光電性質，而且原材料豐富、價格低、無毒、沉積溫度低、熱穩定性高，在氫等離子體環境中具有很高的化學穩定性，不易導致太陽能電池材料活性降低。
  14. Chapter three author aimming at the blank of study on the inrollment policy of the higher education for minorities tries to probe theoretically into it from the perspective of the cause of minority student achieveinent higher educational function and educational policy, and to define the essence principle and foundadion of this policy, firstly, auther wants to show that the root to implementing this policy bases on minority history earth instance and cultural speciality by analyzing the cause of minority students low achievement, secondly, by the perspective perspective of higher educational function, author tries to show the important role of higher education to socialize minority students in case they are peripheried, to inherit and improve minority culture, in order to define that this policy is an important political mechanism to safeguard minority " s educational right and educational equality, thirdly, there are two points to be showed by discussing with the perspective of educational policy : the inrollment policy of the higher education for minorities is complexity and it is restricted and influenced easily by correlative mechanism because it involves virtuely in educational problem ethical problem and policy problem, on the other hand, the inrollment policy of the higher education for minorities don " t violate the principle of individual equality, instead, it carries out certain policy for some groups basing on the principle of the individual equality

    一、通過對少數民族學生低學業成就的歸因分析，論述少數民族高等教育招生政策實施依據是少數民族歷史發展、現實狀況和文化特殊性。二、通過高等教育功能視角的探討，論述高等教育對少數民族學生的進一步社會化，避免少數民族個體被邊緣化的意義，以及高等教育對少數民族繼承、發展民族文化的意義，明確少數民族高等教育招生政策是保障少數民族高等教育權利、保證教育公平的一項重要的「政治機制」 。三、通過教育政策視角的探討，主要有兩方面內容，一是由教育政策的特點，論述少數民族高等教育招生政策實質上是集教育問題、民族問題和政策問題於一身，這使它的運行具有復雜性，它更易受其它相關機制的制約和影響;二是通過教育政策價值取向的探討，論述少數民族高等教育招生政策雖以一定群體為實施的對象，但並不違背個體平等原則，它是立足於個體平等的基礎上，依據能力選拔的原則，針對群體差異客觀存在的現實，對一定群體實施的一定「優惠政策」 ，以保證處於弱勢地位群體的權利，從而真正實現個體的平等。
  15. Hence, the peoole pay unprecedented attention on it and its quality has been improved gradually. but because of the news " complication and the diffidence of journalists " and the audience ' s scientific accomplishment, the scientific and technological news still has such problems as unscientific and unstraightaway. that ' s the reason it cannot accommodate itself to the front seat like the politics, sports and economic news. therefore, in the knowledge economic times which take science and technology as its base and core. it has important practical significance and theoretical vale to explore a way of releasing scientific and technological news from " unscientific " and " unpopular " shadow

    知識經濟時代的大背景與「科教興國」戰略確立的小環境，從源與流兩方面為科技新聞提供了肥沃的土壤與廣闊的舞臺，科技新聞受到前所未有的關注，科技新聞的量與質均有了提高，但由於科技本身的復雜性、科技新聞工作者、受眾的科學素養不足以及某些科技工作者的價值觀異化等諸多原因，科技新聞存在著「不科學」與「不通俗」的弊端，使之仍不能像政治新聞、體育新聞、經濟新聞那樣「前排就座」 。
  16. Comparing with natural ecosystem, the industrial ecosystem was a social economical system with man as major body, lower stability and complexity, short cycle of environment variables, control under dual law, mutual reverse of material flow and energy flow and unobvious regional characters

    提出兩者的區別在於工業生態系統是一個以人為主體的社會經濟系統，穩定性、復雜性差、環境變化的周期短、工業生態系統受雙重規律制約、工業生態系統的物質流和價值流互為反向、工業生態系統地域性不明顯等。
  17. All the contents are developed around a set of scaling laws taking the form of exponentials which relate to almost all the issues of complexity including fractals, chaos, strange attractors, localization, and symmetry breaking, etc. the main work can be summarized as follows : starting from the law of allmetric growth three fractal dimensions in a broad sense are derived, and according to these dimensions, geographical space is divided into three levels, i. e., real space, phase space, and order space, each of which corresponds to a kind of dimension. based on the idea of spatial disaggregation and using the rmi ( relationship - mapping - reversion ) principle, the urban system is formulated as three scaling laws of the three spaces, including number law, size law, and area law, which can be transformed into a set of power laws such as allometric law and zipf ’ s law associated with fractal structure

    從異速生長律的縱向、橫向和切向三個角度將地理空間劃分為實空間、相空間和序空間，分別對應于空間系列、時間序列和等級序列三個層面，每個層面的測度各有自己的空間維度。基於「空間循環細分-等級體系-網路結構」的數理等價關系，利用rmi （關系-映射-反演）原則，成功地實現了城市系統宏觀模型的理論抽象，將空間復雜性問題表徵為簡單的指數式標度定律（包括數量律、規模律和尺度律） ，這一組標度律可以與一組冪次定律（包括具有分形性質的規模-數目律、異速生長定律和三參數zipf定律）互為變換。
  18. By analyzing and synthesizing the experimental results many optimized experimental parameters are achieved. 4. in order to value the cleanliness of super - smooth surface before and after laser cleaning rapidly and precisely, a software is developed to automatically value it by processing the surface images, which can present key parameters about the surface cleanliness, such as maximal contaminant particle size, the total particle number per unit, the contaminant area per unit, etc

    超光滑光學基片表面激光清洗的機理和試驗研究西北工業大學碩士學位論文4 .對試驗中基片清洗前後sem照片進行統計分析，提取了基片表面上雜質微粒的圖像特徵，結合計一算機圖象處理技術，開發了表面清潔度自動評價軟體，實現了對超光滑基片表面上吸附的污染微粒進行自動識別和特徵分析，包括微粒的尺寸分佈、單位面積的微粒數、最大的微粒尺寸等重要參數。
  19. According to the development trend and practical need of vo _ 2 thin film, in this study, some basic research in the field of vo _ 2 film property modification by doping with transitional metals at various valences such as zr ~ ( 4 + ) and cr ~ ( 3 + ) has been focused on

    針對vo _ 2薄膜的研究發展動向和實踐的需要，本論文主要在摻入不同價態的過渡金屬雜質（ zr4 +以及cr ~ （ 3 + ）對vo _ 2薄膜性能產生的影響等方面進行了基礎研究。
  20. The algorithm is applicable to form shape on whatever slope, and not all the character awaits the complex landslip part of the stability analysis along the slope, this, is worthy of the project and the actual problem

    計算方法適用於任何坡面形狀、非均質邊坡等復雜滑坡體的穩定性分析，這一點，對工程實際問題來說具有很好的使用價值。
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