等級量表 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngjíliángbiǎo]
等級量表 英文
equal interval scale
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 級 : Ⅰ名詞1 （等級） level; rank; grade 2 （年級） any of the yearly divisions of a school course; gra...
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 表 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面;外表） outside; surface; external 2 （中表親戚） the relationship between the child...
  • 等級 : 1 （按質量、程度、地位等的差異而作出的區別） grade; rank 2 （在社會地位和法律地位上不平等的社會集...
  • 量表 : scale量表程序 scalogram
  1. The research of the thesis shows : optimize theory describes and makes the target as model, array, level, and deals with every scheme that determines the nature and quantitative factor chosen in unison that appraised, its result is objective, true, reliable, can plan making policy to offer scientific basis finally of overall arrangement for the route of the highway ; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation assessment is simple, clear, practical, can make more factors participated in judging, and overcome the subjective and random that existed when chosen the route scheme ; level analytic approach promises high grade highway route overall arrangement scheme judge and carries out the tr ansition to from single factor index multifactor synthesis of index judge, and the result is convincible

    論文研究表明：優化理論將描述與評價的對象模型化、序列化、層次化，並統一處理各方案比選中的定性與定量因素，其結果客觀、真實、可靠，能為公路路線規劃布局的最終決策提供科學依據；模糊綜合評判方法簡單、清晰、實用，能使更多的因素參與評判，克服了路線方案選擇時存在的主觀隨意性；層次分析法做到高等級公路路線布局方案由單因素指標評判過渡到多因素指標的綜合評判，結果具有說服力。
  2. Surface quality classes for hot - rolled bars and rods. technical delivery conditions

    熱軋鋼棒和線材的表面質量等級.交貨技術條件
  3. Abstract : soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and erman ' s birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in erman ' s birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in erman ' s birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and erman ' s birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil

    文摘:為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25
  4. Soil incubation experiments were conducted in lab to delineate the effect of soil temperature and soil water content on soil respirations in broad - leaved / korean pine forest ( mountain dark brown forest soil ), dark coniferous forest ( mountain brown coniferous forest soil ) and ermans birch forest ( mountain soddy forest soil ) in changbai mountain in september 2001. the soil water content was adjusted to five different levels ( 9, 21, 30, 37 and 43 ) by adding certain amount of water into the soil cylinders, and the soil sample was incubated at 0, 5, 15, 25 and 35 for 24 h the results indicated that in broad - leaved / korean pine forest the soil respiration rate was positively correlated to soil temperature from 0 to 35. soil respiration rate increased with increase of soil water content within the limits of 21 to 37, while it decreased with soil water content when water content was over the range. the result suggested the interactive effects of temperature and water content on soil respiration. there were significant differences in soil respiration among the various forest types. the soil respiration rate was highest in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, middle in ermans birch forest and the lowest in dark coniferous forest. the optimal soil temperature and soil water content for soil respiration was 35 and 37 in broad - leaved / korean pine forest, 25 and 21 in dark coniferous forest, and 35 and 37 in ermans birch forest. because the forests of broad - leaved / korean pine, dark coniferous and ermans birch are distributed at different altitudes, the soil temperature had 4 - 5 variation in different forest types during the same period. thus, the soil respiration rates measured in brown pine mountain soil were lower than those in dark brown forest and those measured in mountain grass forest soil were higher than those in brown pine mountain soil

    為了研究土壤溫度和土壤含水量對闊葉紅松林（山地暗棕壤） 、雲冷杉暗針葉林（山地棕針葉林土壤）和岳樺林（生草森林土）的土壤呼吸的影響，於2001年9月在長白山進行了土壤實驗.利用增加土壤樣柱的含水量，將土壤含水量分為9 ， 、 21 、 30 、 37和43 5個等級，土壤樣品分別在0 、 5 、 15 、 25和35的溫度下保持24小時.闊葉紅松林土壤在0 （ 35范圍內，土壤呼吸速率與溫度呈正相關.在一定的含水量范圍內（ 21 （ 37 ） ，土壤呼吸隨含水量的增加而升高，當含水量超出該范圍，土壤呼吸速率則隨含水量的變化而降低.土壤溫度和水分對土壤呼吸作用存在明顯的交互作用.不同森林類型土壤呼吸作用強弱存在顯著差異，大小順序為闊葉紅松林>岳樺林>雲冷杉暗針葉林.紅松闊葉林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是土壤溫度35 ，含水量37 ;雲冷杉暗針葉林下的山地棕色針葉土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是25 ， 21 ;岳樺林土壤呼吸作用的最佳條件是35 ，含水量37 .但是，由於長白山闊葉紅松林，雲冷杉林和岳樺林處在不同的海拔帶上，同期不同森林類型土壤溫度各不相同，相差4 ~ 5 ，所以野外所測的同期的山地棕色針葉林土呼吸速率應低於暗棕色森林土呼吸速率，山地生草森林土呼吸速率應高於山地棕色針葉林土的呼吸速率.圖2表1參25
  5. Category systems are its techniques to gather data, and it has three forms : coding system, tally system or checklist and rating scale. they all produce some numbers as the form of the data the data are analyzed by the way of statistics. in the last part, the article talks about the qualitative observation

    記錄課堂信息的方式主要有三種：編碼體系、記號體系核查清單以及等級量表，通過這些結構化的體系所記錄的信息多以數字的形式呈現，而這些數據資料進行分析的方法有簡單的計算，也有較為復雜的統計分析方法。
  6. Therefore, the paper expanded eles, namely, turned the above assumption into the following : all the consumers in the same income level have the identical marginal budget share or the identical marginal propensity to consume when consuming certain goods, but consumers in different income level have not and the paper, by defining and introducing the nominal variable of income level - a variable of the marginal propensity to consume only resulting from the change of consumers " ( rural residents ) income level, with which the standard income level was compared, adopted to expand again the extended eles model, exploited the surveying household data in 2001 by liaoning statistics bureau, caculated ( 1 ) the marginal propensity to consume, real expenditure structure, real propensity to consume and marginal budget share of main consumer goods of rural residents in different income levels ; ( 2 ) the proportion of the basic demand quantity, the basic demand structure, the basic demand of main consumer goods in real expenditure of livelihood consumption ; ( 3 ) the income elasticity of demand, the expenditure elasticity of consumption, the price elasticity of demand and the cross price elasticity of demand of main consumer goods ; finally, came the following conclusions : 1

    故本論文採用對擴展的線性支出系統進行再擴展，即將上述假定改為： 「對某類消費品的邊際預算份額或邊際消費傾向，對于同一收入等級的所有消費者均相同，但對于不同收入等級的消費者則有可能不同。 」並通過定義和在模型中引入收入等級虛變量，藉以代表與基準的收入等級相比，消費者（農民）僅僅由於其所處的收入等級變化所導致的邊際消費傾向的變化量。本論文採用對擴展的eles模型的再擴展，利用遼寧省統計局農調總隊的2001年農村住戶調查分戶資料（共1890戶） ，計算了（ 1 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的邊際消費傾向、實際支出結構、實際消費傾向、邊際預算份額； （ 2 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類型消費品的基本需求量、基本需求結構、基本需求占實際生活消費支出比重； （ 3 ）不同收入等級農民對各主要類摘要型消費品的需求收入彈性、消費支出彈性、需求自價格彈性、需求的交叉價格彈性。
  7. The study on hpec mortar shows that restricted expansive ratio ( e2 ) increases in the curve of parabola with the increase of the dosage of calcium sulphoaluminate ( csa ) expansive agent. so there is a suitable range of csa dosage ( generally 6 % - 12 % ). in this range, e2 of hpec mortar can reach as high as ( 5 - 10 ) 10 ~ 4, and the strength is not decreased

    對hpec砂漿的研究表明，限制膨脹率隨膨脹劑csa摻量的增加呈拋物線形式遞增，存在一個合適的csa摻量范圍（一般為6 - 12 ） ，在該范圍內hpec砂漿限制膨脹率可高達5萬- 10萬，且保證強度不下降，這就為設計不同膨脹能級膨脹混凝土而又保證混凝土強度等級提供了空間。
  8. This paper unfolds engineering disposition and theoretical research of negative temperature high performance concrete ( nthpc ) with the damage of many factors motivation, the project background based on qing - zang railway engineering, which is one of four - emphasized engineering during the tenth five - plan. due to the difference of environment of construction and service between nthpc and ordinary concrete, and therefore durability of nthpc is required to higher level. at a first, nthpc must avoid frozen damage at early age and possess anti - freezing property at later period, in order to meet engineering practicable application need, and this are two emphasized and difficult problems, as for nthpc ; by means of mechanism analysis about deicing - agent ingredient and anti - freezing at early period, adopting composite technique routine of mineral addition + anti - freezing element + water - reducer4 - air - entraining + anti - erosion of steel component etc, based on orthogonal experimental approach, fd - 1 composite functional admixtu re was manufactured, which has more property and orientation on qing - zang railway

    負溫混凝土由於和普通混凝土在施工環境及服役環境上存在的差異，因此表現為比普通混凝土更為較高的耐久性要求；負溫混凝土首先要避免早期的凍害以及具備長期抗凍性能，才能夠滿足工程實際應用的要求，這也是負溫混凝土必須解決的兩大技術關鍵；通過對目前常用防凍劑組分作用機理的分析研究及混凝土早期防凍機理探討，採用礦物外加劑+防凍組分+高效減水劑+引氣+阻銹組分功能復合的技術路線，通過正交試驗設計復配了適應青藏鐵路工程要求的專用多功能復合型外加劑fd - 1 ；並在此基礎上配製不同等級負溫高性能混凝土，開展一系列包括硫酸鹽侵蝕、氯離子滲透、抗凍融循環、收縮及耐磨性等耐久性能研究；通過對fd - 1組分和摻量的調整，優化負溫混凝土在施工特性、力學指標和耐久性三個方面的兼容、協調性。
  9. Multi - strategy means as follows : utilizing classifying data mining methods based on decision tree to analyze the data in grade database. a grade decision tree is generated to show directly a position of grade according to different computing methods and to support estimate. at the same time, utilizing classification method based on summing - up principles to do such things as grade query analysis and prediction and contrast analysis to realise automatic generation of grade analysis report, test paper ’ s quality assessment report and quality analysis table which plays an active role in improving teaching and test paper ’ s quality

    這里多策略主要是指:採用基於決策樹的分類挖掘方法，對學生成績庫中數據進行分析，生成學生成績決策樹，能直觀顯示出某一成績在不同等級計算方式中所處的位置，為教學部門提供評價信息;同時採用基於總結規則的統計分析方法，完成不同情況下的成績查詢、預測及對比分析，實現學生成績分析報告、試卷質量評價報告及質量分析表的自動生成。
  10. They mark the top class of temperature measurement technology and perform well in all applications from a ships diesel engine to a kitchen stove : remote reading thermometers from tecsis the best selection worldwide

    它們代表了溫度測量技術中的最高等級，在所有應用中都有良好的表現，從輪船的柴油機到廚房的電爐： tecsis的遙測讀數溫度計是全世界最好的選擇。
  11. Aesthetic appearance is one of the most important criteria used by consumers in judging clothing wear performance. bagging is a kind of three - dimensional residual deformation that deteriorates garment appearance during wear and caused dissatisfaction. to understand the psychophysical mechanisms of fabric bagging perception, a method of subjectively evaluating this behavior is developed by using a series of photographs taken from bagged fabric samples. both ranking and rating scales are used as the psychological scales. the two scales are highly correlated with each other, but the rating scale provides more information than the ranking scales and can indicate perceived differences between fabrics. a linear relationship between subjective perceptions and measured residual bagging height shows that perception of fabric bagging follows stevens ? power law. residual bagging height contributes up to 94 % of the total variance in the perception of fabric bagging. the rest of the variation may be attributed to anistropic behavior during the bagging process

    美觀是消費者日常服裝穿著功能中最重要的指標之一.起拱是一種外衣穿著中引起變化，令人不滿的三維殘余變形.一種主觀評價方法是從一系列起拱織物的照片來理解心理物理學規律，採用優劣排序等級和優劣評判等級兩種方法用於心理評價標度.這兩種等級互相間緊密相關，但評判等級比排序等級包含更多的信息，可以更好地區分出兩種織物間的差異.主觀評價結果與測量得到的殘余起拱高度之間線性相關，表明了織物起拱特性符合斯特藩指數定律.殘余起拱高度對織物起拱特性總方差的貢獻在94 %以上.其它可能是起拱時各向異性因素引起的
  12. The precision gauges have a high - grade measuring element

    高精度校驗表有高等級的測量元件。
  13. The precision test gauges have a high - grade measuring element

    高精度校驗表有高等級的測量元件。
  14. The precision test gauges have a high grade measuring element

    高精度校驗表有高等級的測量元件。
  15. In accordance with practice a differentiation is made between variants and performance classes of favourably priced designs with flat sensor housings and pvc connection cables up to high capacity sensors with special wiring silicon, teflon

    根據實踐經驗，差異是由變量和表現等級造成的-比如價格合理的設計，扁平的傳感器外形和pvc連接電纜到有特殊電線硅特氟隆的大容量的傳感器。
  16. In fact, the adherence of young and old concrete belongs to the adherence research work of bimaterial. the simulation calculation shows that in the range of criterion provision of young and old concrete that the formula for calculating the splitting tensile strength of a monolithic concrete specimen can be used to a concrete specimen of young and old concrete when the difference of elastic modulus of young and old concrete is small

    新老混凝土的粘結實際是彈性模量不同的兩種材料? ?即雙材料的結合問題。本文通過數值模擬計算結果表明，在規范規定的修補結構新老混凝土強度等級差值范圍內，新老混凝土彈性模量相差不大的情況下，新老混凝土粘結劈拉強度可近似採用整體混凝土劈拉強度計算公式。
  17. A case study in the xilin river basin of inner mongolia showed that this model could quantitatively analyze the degradation degree, risk degree and easy - restoration degree of the grasslands under different optimizing management levels, which was of significance for applying rational measures with pertinence, and beneficial to the optimal allocation of resources during the management of degraded grassland

    結果表明，通過構建退化草地優化管理模型，定量分析流域內不同優化管理等級退化草地的退化程度、危害性和易恢復性，可以有針對性地採取合理的治理措施，有利於退化草地治理中的資源優化配置。
  18. A good many case of approaching excavation are studied in this article, such as the study of infection of be coal mining to the huayingshan tunnel, technology study of strucked tunnels of metro in shenzhen, countermeasure study of tunnel approaching pile foundation of metro in guangzhou, excavation methods optimized of large cross section subaqueous tunnel approaching pile foundation of lrt in chongqing, etc. on the basic of analysing and concluding relative study production all over the the world by the numbers, classification of approaching excavation, partition of approach zone, formula of partition of approaching zone, approach degree and countermeasure grade of generalized approaching excavation of underground works are put forward. general methods studying and trea

    本文結合作者多年來對華鎣山隧道減少壓煤量研究、深圳地鐵重疊隧道第11頁西南交通大學博士研究主學位論文技術研究、廣州地鐵公紀區間廣紡聯段鄰樁施工對策研究和重慶輕軌大坪大斷面車站鄰近基礎淺埋暗挖工法優化分析等諸多近接施工問題案例的研究，在系統分析和歸納總結國內外相關研究成果的基礎上，系統地提出了廣義的地下工程近接施工的分類、分區、分區指標表達式、近接度與對策等級概念以及分區、分度準則，給出了研究和解決近接施工問題的普遍方法，如數值分析先行，模型試驗、現場測試驗證等。
  19. Argues that equal charge for equal thermal comfort is a basic point to treat the impartiality of heat charge that for residential apartments, an impartial treatment of the heat charging problem is much more important than enhancing precision of the heat meter, that the heat used to heat metering and charging should be an equivalent heat. that to deal with charging problems by recklessly cutting off an end user from the heating system would only damage the heating companies ' benefits, and that any system which satisfies household room based adjustment should be adopted

    摘要等舒適度等熱費是解決熱用戶熱費公平問題所選定的一個分析問題的基點；解決公寓類住宅熱用戶的熱費公平問題，比提高熱量表的計量準確度等級更重要；計算熱用戶熱費的熱量應是當量熱量；供暖系統鎖閉改造，受損害的是改造者；能滿足分室調節的任何一種系統形式均可以採用。
  20. The use of high grade steel, the welded cover over the strain gauge measuring elements and the glass bushing for the cable connection allow trouble free use even in harsh environments

    採用高等級鋼製成應變測量元件有焊接的表面且連接電纜外有玻璃套管，這些使它完全能夠在惡劣環境下的無故障使用。
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