等顯性基因 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [děngxiǎnxìngjīyīn]
等顯性基因 英文
co-dominant gene
  • 等 : Ⅰ量詞1 （等級） class; grade; rank 2 （種; 類） kind; sort; type Ⅱ形容詞（程度或數量上相同） equa...
  • 顯 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （明顯） apparent; obvious; noticeable; evident 2 （有名聲有權勢的） illustrious and inf...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 因 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （沿襲） follow; carry on Ⅱ介詞1 [書面語] （憑借; 根據） on the basis of; in accord...
  • 顯性 : [生物學] dominance顯性性狀 dominant character; 顯性修飾因子 dominigene; 顯性遺傳 dominant inheritance
  1. The protein nucleic acid complexes were identified by autoradiography for 48 h. the psg5heo and igfbp - 6 promoter pcat vectors were transfected into cos - 7 cells with iipofectamin2000 ; these cos - 7 cells where treated with 1 jxm e2, with lonm tcdd and with both lonm tcdd and 1 jxm e2, individually ; the cat protein was examined by cat - els a. results : the congenital skeletal defects in fetal rats were induced with 10 - 15ug / kg tcdd or with 100 - 140 mg / kg ra with dosage - dependence effect. the igfbp - 6 mrna in rat calvaria tissue and mc - 3t3 - el cells were increased with tcdd and ( or ) ra, whereas the cell proliferation and igf - 2 mrna in mc - 3t3 - el cells was decreased in the status of e2

    結果: tcdd在大鼠胚胎發育時期具有骨骼致畸作用，骨骼發育畸形包括:內翻足、脊柱裂、顱面骨發育缺陷、無尾畸形等;隨著tcdd濃度的升高（ 10一15林擴kg ） ，致畸率明顯上升（ 14 . 7 %一24 . 6 % ） ; tcdd和ra聯合用藥可以增強對大鼠骨骼發育的致畸效應; e :對成骨細胞內igf一2基因有正性調節作用，對igfbp一6基因有負性調節作用， tcdd可以抑制e :對細胞內xgf一2和igfbp一6的調節作用。
  2. Usually only one of these, the dominant allele, is expressed in the phenotype

    通常只有其中的一個顯性等位基因在表型中表達。
  3. Molecular examination and biological observation of transformed plants by growing resistant germinations we got 30 transformed plants. pcr and spot blotting hybridization analysis indicate that hsp70 anti - sense cdna had been integrated into tobacco genome. through observation and measurement we found 12 completely sterile, 9hyper - sterile, 3 partially sterile and 6 fertile and significant differences between them in stamen, height, and fruit weight

    Pcr和點雜交分析表明， hsp70正、反義。 dna己經整合到煙草的基因組中。在進行田間生物學性狀觀察時， 30株轉基因植株中有12株表現出完全不育， 9株高度不育， 3株部分不育和6株可育；不育植株在雄蕊、株高和果實重量等方面都存在明顯的差異。
  4. Microsatellite marker has many advantages such as a great quantity, extensive dispersion around the genome, high polyomorphism, mendelian codominant inheritance, rapid and convenient detection

    摘要微衛星標記具有數量多、在基因組中分佈廣、多態性豐富、呈孟德爾共顯性遺性、檢測快速方便等特點。
  5. Dominant negative alleles of gpil7p were produced by random pcr mutagenesis of three conserved fragments of gpi17p : 1 ) having generated the plasmid library which contains 100000 plasmids harboring gpi17 mutants then screened from 8000 clones, we got 25 strong and 3 very strong dominant negative alleles

    對gpi17p可能的三個保守區進行了pcr隨機誘變，並最終獲得顯性負性等位基因： 1 ）組建了gpi17p突變體質粒庫，其所含質粒數約為100000 。
  6. However, the theory that magic is a dominant trait seems more likely since the prevalence of pure - blood elitism may very well have its genesis in a rational desire to preserve the magic gene in the wizarding population

    但魔法等位基因含有顯性特徵這一理論似乎可能性更大，因為純血統至上主義者的普遍想法的發展過程可能是出於在巫師種族中維持魔法基因這一想法。
  7. Abstract : the polymorphism of angiotensinogen gene at position 174 was studied in 90 cases of essential hypertension patients and 109 controls by pcr, restriction enzyme analysis and electrophoresis methods. the results showed the distribution of genetypes in hypertension group was significantly different from that of controls group. this suggested there is a correlation between the variant of agt174 and hypertension

    摘要本文採用pcr 、限制性酶切和電泳分型等方法，分別對90例原發性高血壓患者和109例正常人血管緊張素原基因多態位點agt174進行了檢測，結果表明，高血壓組中三種基因型的分佈與對照組顯著不同，提高該位點變異與原發性高血壓的發生相關。
  8. In fact, the way to make the most of a dominant allele ( such as magic is proposed to be in the essay ) is to have all individuals heterozygous rather than homozygous, as then there will be twice as many individuals in the next generation with that trait for a given number of alleles

    實際上，使顯性基因等位體（如魔法基因在文中被認為是顯性的）發揮最大作用的方式就是讓所有的有關個體盡量雜生而不是同生，因為對於一定量的基因等位體，那便意味著下一代有著兩倍的個體帶有那種特性。
  9. The variant alleles are very frequent in populations, with the hightest frequence, 0. 29, found in africas. the ggc 54gac allele is common in chinese with gene frequency above 0. 1. hence, mbl deficiency is the most frequent immunodeficiency, but its pathological mechanisms remain elusive and await further investigation

    這些等位基因為常染色體共顯性遺傳，人群中其基因頻率高得令人驚奇，最高者竟達0 . 29 ，我國漢族ggc54gac頻率約0 . 1 。
  10. This thesis studied on bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 which was separated and selected by researchers of our laboratory. according to the observation of crystal shape and the bioassay of motschulsky and fairmaire, bacillus thuringiensis strain bt886 was identified as cry3 type, and the conclusion was assured by the further study on molecular level. the 1956 base pairs full lengrh homological cry3aa gene which was toxic to motschulsky was cloned and sequenced

    以該菌株為材料，克隆出了對光肩星天牛（ anoplophralabripennis （ motsch . ） ）具有毒殺作用的cry3aa同源基因，並且對該基因進行了人工改造、人工合成、大腸桿菌表達、生物活性測定、雙元表達載體的構建以及對楊樹的轉化等一系列研究，主要結果如下： （ 1 ）顯微觀察該菌株所形成的伴孢晶體為方形。
  11. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  12. In this study, we designed a pair of primers based on the sequence of the upstream and downstream of chicken il - 2 gene. about 600 bp chicken il - 2 cdna fragment was cloned from cona - stimulated chicken splenocytes by reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction ( rt - pcr ) and was subcloned into puc18 vector. recombinant clone was demonstrated by restriction enzyme digestion and dna sequencing. next, we construct recombinant plasmid pproex ? t - il - 2. the cdna of chicken il - 2 gene was subcloned into bamh i / hind iii sites of vector. the recombinant plasmid pproex ? t - il - 2 was transformed into e. coli dh5a and the bacteria was induced with iptg. it was demonstrated by sds - page and western blot that a 18kda protein which was equal to chicken il - 2 protein in molecular weight was expressed in e. coli dh5a. the expression level was up to 30 % of the total bacterial proteins. the purified protein was used to prepare the antibody against chicken il - 2 protein

    經酶切鑒定及dna序列測定，該基因為雞il - 2基因，其序列與sundick等報道的完全一致。在此基礎上，我們把雞il - 2基因亞克隆到大腸桿菌原核表達載體pproex ~ （ tm ） ht中，構建重組表達質粒並進行確證性序列測定，重組質粒測序結果表明將編碼雞il - 2成熟蛋白的基因正確地插入到原核表達載體pproex ~ （ tm ） ht的目的位點。重組質粒轉化受體菌dh5後用iptg於37進行誘導培養， sds - page和westernblot分析顯示，表達的雞il - 2融合蛋白分子量約為18kda ，表達的融合蛋白經薄層掃描發現目的蛋白表達量約占菌體蛋白的30 。
  13. Microsatellite dna is among the most efficient class of molecular markers due to their hyper - variable and co - dominant nature with relatively high abundance and random distribution in the genome, and have been applied to a variety of fields including population differentiation, kinship analysis, linkage analysis, and evolutional and ecological studies

    摘要微衛星dna由於具有高度多態性、共顯性遺傳、基因組中含量豐富且隨機分佈等特點，目前已成為最有效的分子標記之一，並應用於種群分化研究、血緣分析、基因連鎖分析、進化以及生態學研究等許多領域。
  14. The properties of cn thin films such as their morphology, component, crystal structure and the bonding structure and the relation between those properties and the gas - phase reaction parameters were discussed, showing that the deposition of p - c3n4 thin film is the compete result of various reaction processes in the dynamics balance conditions ; the process of cn films depo sition is diagnosed in situ through the optical emission spectra technique, the effects of experimental parameters on the concentration of the precursors and the gas - phase reactions in the plasma have been obtained ; the main reaction precursors for film deposition identified ; the relation between the characteristics of cn thin films and the reaction process in the plasma is analyzed. the cn thin films deposition under different substrate temperatures in high pressure pe - pld shows that the si atom of the substrate has participated the cn films growth process, based on this the growth mode of cn thin films on the si substrate is proposed. the further experiment of cn thin films deposition on si substrate scratched by diamond as well as covered with fe catalyzer has been attempted, which indicates that changing the dynamics conditions of the surface reaction can alter the growth characteristic of the cn thin films and can enhance obviously the films growth rate

    採用pld技術進行了碳氮化合物薄膜沉積，得到了含氮量為21at的cn薄膜；研究了襯底溫度和反應氣體壓強對薄膜結構特性的影響，給出了cn薄膜中n含量較小、 sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分較少和薄膜中僅含有局域cn晶體的原因；引入脈沖輝光放電等離子體增強pld的氣相反應，給出了提高薄膜晶態sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分和薄膜的含n量可行性途徑；應用pe - cvd技術以ch _ 4 + n _ 2為反應氣體並引入輔助氣體h _ 2 ，得到了含n量為56at的晶態cn薄膜；探討了cn薄膜形貌、成分、晶體結構、價鍵狀態等特性及其與氣體壓強和放電電流的關系，證明了- c _ 3n _ 4薄膜沉積為滿足動力學平衡條件的各種反應過程的競爭結果；採用光學發射譜技術對cn薄膜生長過程進行了實時診斷，得到了實驗參量對等離子體中活性粒子相對濃度和氣相反應過程的影響規律，給出了cn薄膜沉積的主要反應前驅物，揭示了cn薄膜特性和等離子體內反應過程之間的聯系；採用高氣壓pe - pld技術研究了不同襯底溫度條件下cn化合物薄膜的結構特性，揭示了si原子對薄膜生長過程的影響，給出了si基表面碳氮薄膜的生長模式；在金剛石研磨和催化劑fe處理的si襯底上進行cn薄膜沉積，證明了通過控制材料表面動力學條件可以改變碳氮薄膜結構特性，並可顯著提高晶態碳氮材料的生長速率。
  15. Objecties. to determine the allelic distribution of the exon 12 polymorphism within a sample of families with fis

    目的：決定在具有家族性特發性脊柱側凸（ fis ）的家族樣本中外顯子12多態現象的等位基因的分配。
  16. Recently, a new gene dr0167 ( pprl or irre ) that serves as a general switch for downstream dna repair and protection pathways via its regulatory function on the gene expression of reca, ppra was discoveried. expression of d. radiodurans pprl also promotes dna repair and protection pathways and enhances the radioresistance of e. coli. this finding provides a new clue to understand the mechanism of dna repair, especially double strand break ( dsb ) repair

    最近我們實驗室在耐輻射球菌電離輻射敏感株中鑒定了一個與電離輻射抗性相關的基因ppri ，該基因可能通過調控dr細菌reca 、 ppra等基因的表達加速對電離輻射引起的dna損傷修復，而在大腸桿菌中表達ppri基因能促進reca 、 soda等表達水平顯著提高，使其抗輻射和抗氧化能力明顯增強，這將為我們理解其特殊抗性機制，特別是雙鏈斷裂修復提供新的線索。
  17. Co - dominant allele

    等顯性對偶基因
  18. In this article, we review isolation methods, developmental status and genetic characteristics of microsatellites, and their applications in studies on population study, pedigree analysis, assessment of genetic diversity, and construction of genetic maps in the marine mollusks, and analyzed the causes resulting to null allele, stutter bands, short allele dominance and allelic dropout, and their effects on genotyping of microsatellite

    本文對海洋貝類微衛星分離方法、開發現狀、遺傳學特性以及在種群遺傳、家系分析、遺傳多樣性評價等方面的最新研究進展進行了綜述，並分析了微衛星分析中無效等位基因、 「結巴」帶、短等位基因顯性和等位基因「擴增丟失」現象的產生原因以及對微衛星基因型判讀帶來的影響。
  19. Objective the origin and the nature of the hodgkin and reed - sternberg ( h / rs ) cell of hodgkin ' s lymphoma ( hl ) has been attracting a lot of medical researchers engaged in studying it, for its character by scattered large atypical cells residing in a complex admixture of inflammatory cells. great improvement has been made since a new method of isolation of single h / rs cells from a frozen section had been set up by kuppers in 1994, and many studies have approved of the b - cell derivation of h / rs cell. lt has been reported that h / r - s cells might partly be originated from b - cell in our research before, but at the same time, we also found that only 18. 8 % of h / rs cells express cd20, 31. 3 % of immunoglobulin heavy chain ( igh ) rearrangement have been revealed

    目的霍奇金淋巴瘤（ hodgkin ' slymphoma ， hl ）由於它的惡性腫瘤細胞? h rs細胞一般只佔腫瘤組織的極少部分（不到1 ） ，且散在分佈在背景細胞間，因此對于h rs細胞的來源和性質研究一直是人們探索的目標。 1994年德國科隆大學k ppers等發展了一種從冰凍組織切片上用顯微操作儀挑取單個h rs細胞的顯微切割方法進行h rs細胞基因分析后，人們對h rs細胞來源的研究有了突破性的進展，多數支持b細胞來源。我們的前期研究也支持部分h rs細胞為b細胞來源，但我們發現只有18 . 8的h rs細胞表達cd20 ， 31 . 3的hl檢測到igh基因重排克隆性條帶。
  20. Fourty - five individuals of xianju chicken breed were genotyped for 7 microsatellite markers covering 7 linkage groups - the result of microsatellite polymorphism showed that of the 7 micrnsatellite markers loci, the numbers of alleles ranged from 2 to 5 per locus, the mean numbers of alleles being 3. 1 per locus, and mean heteozygosity was 0. 5246, mean polymorphism information content was 0. 4445

    摘要對45隻仙居雞7個微衛星座位進行遺傳多態性檢測，結果顯示：每個微衛星座位的等位基因數2 ~ 5個不等， 7個微衛星的平均等位基因數為3 . 1個。
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