約束成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yāoshùchéngběn]
約束成本 英文
committed costs
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 束 : Ⅰ動詞1 （捆; 系） bind; tie 2 （控制; 約束）control; restrain Ⅱ量詞（用於捆在一起的東西） bundle;...
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 約束 : keep within bounds; restrain; bind; bound; boundage;tie; restraint; restriction; engagement; repr...
  1. This article is composed by four parts. the foreword introduces simply the process of from establishment to development and contabescence of shanxi bank and the operating and running status. then bring forward the theme of this article that the organizational and managing system was the determinant factors of the prosperity and decline of shanxi bank and its experiences and lessons lend a helping hand to the enterprises of our time. the first part mainly tells of the organizational system and managing mode which drove the development and prosperity of shanxi bank, i t was consisted of the organizing system of the ownership departing from the power of management, and the capital frame of composing by the yin - share and manpower - share, and the human resources management system including high - level various and with elasticity distributing system and strict managing system, and the rigorous mamaging system and flexible running frame, and the enterprise culture of combining tigtly with the ru culture

    組織制度方面，主要通過對票號所有權與經營權相分離的組織制度的研究，總結其對票號發展所起到的重要作用；資本構成方面，主要對票號銀股、身股並重的資本構成，特別是票號實行的頂身股制度進行研究，總結其對員工所形成的有效激勵作用；用人體制方面，主要從激勵和約束兩個方面分別進行研究，一方面是票號分配體制的高水平、多樣化、富於彈性，對票號員工形成了有效的激勵作用，另一方面是嚴格的人員選拔、培養、任用以及監督、獎罰等管理制度，對票號員工形成了有效的約束作用；管理制度和經營體制方面，主要通過對票號各類號規進行分類研究，分別從管理制度和經營體制兩類內容來著手，總結票號管理制度的健全和經營體制的靈活對票號業務發展所起到的重要作用；企業文化理念方面，分別從員工教育和儒商融會兩方面進行研究，總結票號對員工道德教育的重視給票號帶來的良好企業風尚以及儒商融會理念使票號在經營方面更加成熟穩健、注重企業長遠利益。
  2. At the same time, there are many disadvantage factors, such as the scarceness of natural resources, the deteriorism of the ecological environment, the competition with the international market, etc. the huang - huai - hai plain ( hhh plain ) is the largest plain in china, which is becoming the important agricultural product base of " the south food supplies transport to the north "

    我國農業發展已經進入了一個新階段，農產品生產能力已經得到提升，但面臨著自然資源、生態環境及加入wto后的國內外市場的多重約束。黃淮海平原是我國最大的平原，已成為「北糧南調」的重要農產品基地，其面臨著全國農業發展相同的境遇，但又有著本區域農業發展特有的挑戰。
  3. Buyers ( management ) can get profit from the raising of companies performance and the underestimated prices, avoid hostility acquisition, satisfy the needs of carving out business ; seller ( shareholder ) can reach the purpose of reducing agency cost, incent and restrict the management, peel off assets and change public - owned departments to private departments

    買方管理層可以獲得來自公司經營業績的提高和企業價值被低估的收益，避免被敵意收購，滿足創業的需要；賣方股東可以達到降低代理成本、激勵和約束管理層、剝離資產和公營部門私有化的目的。
  4. Then the article analyses the causes of chinese listed companies " equity finance preference, the soft restraint of equity capital cost, the director and manager pursuing to the incurrence income, interests conflicts of big shareholders and minor shareholders and the undeveloped corporate bond market in china

    然後，對股權融資偏好產生的原因進行了分析，認為股權資本成本的軟約束、董事和經理追求非貨幣收益、大股東與小股東的利益沖突、企業債券市場發展滯后等是我國上市公司股權融資偏好產生的主要原因。
  5. On the bases of the galaxy evolution theory, we use the therotical chemical evolution model of three zone ( such as halo, thick disk and thin isk ) and multi - phase ( diffuse gas, molecular clouds, stars of both low and high mass, the remnants ). by comparing with the observational constraints, such assurface densities, age - metallicity relation, g - dwarf metallicity distribution in the solar neighbourhood and the correlation between [ a / fe ] and [ fe / h ], supernovae rates, infall rates. the rationality of the model is verified. based on the theory model, we calculate the abundance of neutron capture element

    本文正是在銀河系化學演化的基礎上，利用銀河系的三成分（ threezone ） （即暈、厚盤和薄盤）多相（ multi - phase ） （氣體，分子云，大、小質量恆星以及剩餘物質）的化學演化的理論模型，通過與觀測約束（質量面密度、場星的年齡-金屬豐度關系、太陽附近g矮星金屬含量分佈函數、三成份的特徵量、元素的星系化學演化、超新星的爆炸率、內落速率等）的比較，來檢驗模型的合理性。
  6. During the research of this paper, the author try to find out the institutional evaluationary theory, the transition theory and the reasonable part of policies of the northeast district transition, and make the research rooted in the actuality relatively lagging of the development and transition of the economy in the northeast district. this paper creates the theoretical framework and countermeasures of the integration of internality transition mechanism and institutional evaluationary and aim at the theoretical proposition of the northeast district transition mechanism, fully studies informality restrict mechanism as culture concept, market structure evaluationary mechanism and state - own enterprises in the northeast district, which make the paper innovative and instructive both in theory and in practice

    在本文研究過程中，深入挖掘制度演化理論、經濟轉軌理論以及東北地區轉軌政策的合理成分，並且將論文的研究深植于東北地區經濟轉軌相對滯后的現狀及其原因之中，在此基礎上系統提出了經濟轉軌內在機理的制度演化一般性分析框架及其針對東北地區轉軌機理的理論命題，完整研究了東北地區文化觀念等非正式制度約束機理、東北地區市場結構演化機理和東北地區國有企業改革演化機理。
  7. Using matlab and its add - ons simulink, through establishing simulation maths model, the paper integrates open chain vector equation ( describing motion restriction ), numerical value simulation ( computing velocity and displacement while given acceleration ) and matrix algebra, etc. to accomplish dynamic simulation for the robot and verifies the results for kinematics of the robot using analysis method, and it establishes foundation for following study for the robot such as kinetics, control, etc

    利用matlab及其附加軟體simulink ，通過建立模擬數學模型，綜合開環矢量方程（描述運動約束） 、數值模擬（在加速度已知時計算速度和位移） 、以及矩陣代數等來完成機器人動態模擬，對所研究的機器人運動學分析結果進行驗證，結果基本一致，為機器人的后續研究，如動力學，控制等奠定基礎。
  8. We analyze agent cooperation methods now commonly in use, and, on the basis of ecology and experiences, we propose a competitive price auction contract network protocol. while using the same network traffic volume as the simple auction, our strategy of second overbid competitive price auction can achieve the same effect as the traditional auction. further, we improve traditional contract network protocol, introduce constraints into message transmit, and use fell back punishment and credit when an agent cannot complete the intended task, consequently the traffic volume and the complexity of systems are considerably reduced

    本文分析了現在通常採用的agent協同方法，提出基於生態學和經驗的競價拍賣合同網協議，採用的選擇次高價競價拍賣策略能在與簡單拍賣相同的通信量上達到類似於傳統競價拍賣的效果，對傳統的合同網協議進行改進，在消息傳播中加入約束機制和對agent不能完成任務時不採取轉變角色重新招標而採用違約懲罰和信用機制，減少了系統的通信量和系統的復雜度，最後在此基礎上實現一個基於fipa標準的多agent電子商務原型系統。
  9. Precontract is a promise to make a forward contract, whose purpose is to make sure the forward contract be concluded, through a precontract made by the interested parties to bound the concerned person, as the condition of concluding forward contract be not ripe

    預約合同指當事人約定將來訂立一定合同的合同，目的是在訂立本合同的條件尚未成熟時，先訂立預約使相對人受其約束，以確定本約的訂立。
  10. Abstract : it advances an idea that transaction is the basic unit of product design activities, and sets up transaction model as an object - oriented representation for design goal, personnel, document objects, resources, constraints and statas. the model is integrated for product and process. it introduces the prerelease mechanism of collaborative design and triggering mechanism of related transaction also

    文摘:提出了以設計事務作為產品設計活動基本單元的思想，採用面向對象的方法建立了設計事務模型，描述了產品設計的目標、組織、文檔對象、資源、約束、狀態等特徵信息，建立了支持協同設計的設計事務預發布機制和相關設計事務觸發機制，實現了產品和過程的集成建模。
  11. This paper starts the research of the liquid floated pendulous accelerometer testing system according to the engineering. at first, this paper gives the brief introduction of the history and present status of accelerometer and its testing technology, the working principium and math model of the liquid floated pendu - lous accelerometer, and then, decides the binary width pulse force retrim loop as the design proposal of testing system, researches the transfer function of every part in the system emphasizly, analyses the stability of the whole accelerometer testing system from the angle of control theoretics by the open loop transfer function of system, and designed the correcting net, analyses the basal problems such as resolution, sampling restraint, precision and so on, designs the hardware testing circuits such as preamplification, band - pass filter, alternating amplifier, phase sensitive demodulatorn, pulse - width modulation, frequency scale circuit, moment current generator. finally, using the graphics program language labv - iew which is designed for testing field especially by ni accomplishes the solfware design of testing system, realized the testing functions

    首先對加速度計及其測試技術的發展歷史和現狀，液浮擺式加速度計的工作原理和數學模型等作了簡要的介紹，然後確定了以二元調寬脈沖再平衡測試迴路為設計方案，並從控制理論的角度進行了分析，著重研究了系統中各部分的傳遞函數，利用系統開環傳遞函數分析了系統的穩定性，同時設計了系統的校正網路;分析了二元調寬脈沖再平衡測試迴路的解析度、采樣約束以及測試精度等基本問題，並按照系統分析的結果設計了包括前置放大、帶通濾波、交流放大、相敏解調、脈寬調制、頻標電路以及力矩電流發生器等測試系統各部分硬體電路，驗證了電路的正確性，最後按照測試系統的要求，採用了美國ni公司專為測試領域所開發的虛擬儀器工具? ? labview作為測試軟體開發工具，利用該圖形化編程語言完成了測試系統軟體部分的設計，實現了測試功能。
  12. The author reserves the right not to be responsible for the topicality, correctness, completeness or quality of the information provided. liability claims regarding damage caused by the use of information provided, including any kind of information which is incomplete or incorrect, will therefore be rejected

    本文作者保留不對提供信息的題目、正確性，完整性或質量負責的權利。任何因為使用上述循序不正確或不完整而造成的損失要求賠償的，將被拒絕。所有提供的要約是無約束力和不承擔責任的。
  13. 3. main problems on labor cost of our county enterprises of our country have experienced a long period of low economic benefits and inefficient administration lack of veracious statistics and effective restraint on labor cost

    三、我國人工成本方面的主要問題由於以前沒有建立人工成本數據的統計，更談不上企業對人工成本的管理，致使企業管理長期處在管理水平低下、成本缺乏有效約束，經濟效益不高的局面。
  14. This paper researches the basic statistical rule of oil - gas dynamic system from the systematic theory, combining with the common characteristic and structure characteristic of oil - gas dynamic system, taking the design requirement of oil field development programming into consideration, by using of functional simulation principle ( including nn method, differential simulation method ) and historical data of oil field, establishes the in - out conjunctional relationship of dynamic index of oil field development, and researches the two level index prediction of development dynamic with both oil field and oil production plant on the basis of the in - out conjunctional relationship. furthermore, this paper analyzes the " decision - making variable ", " object " and " restriction terms " by the optimization theory and set up several optimal models which compose the oil field development programming, it is following : optimization model of the production composing ( solving the optimal composing of each subentry production and cor responding cost, workload, including the onshore thin oil production, the heavy oil thermal process production, tertiary oil recovery production, and the offshore production ) ; optimization model of measure production structure ( determining the optimal composing of each measure production and measure workload, which is composed of fracture, acidulation, capital repair and so on ) ; optimization model of the production distraction ( optimal distribution of the whole oil field production to each oil production plant ) and the integrated development programming model of oil field

    本文從系統理論出發研究油氣動態系統基本統計規律，結合油氣動態系統的一般特點，結構特點，兼顧油田開發規劃設計的要求，利用功能模擬原理（含神經網路方法、微分模擬方法） ，依據油田歷史數據，建立了油田開發動態指標間的輸入輸出關聯關系，並在此輸入輸出關聯關系的基礎上研究了油田及採油廠兩級的開發動態指標預測，同時利用最優化原理，在分析「決策變量」 、 「目標」及「約束條件」的基礎上建立了多個構成油田開發規劃的「優化模型」 ，這些優化模型包括：產量構成優化模型（解決陸上稀油產量、稠油熱采產量、三次採油產量、海上產量及對應的成本、工作量的最優構成問題） ；措施產量結構優化模型（解決壓裂、酸化、大修等各項措施產量及措施工作量的最優構成問題） ；產量分配優化模型（將油田的產量最優地分配到各採油廠）以及油田綜合開發規劃模型。
  15. On the basis of previous research works, new exploration wells, new appraisal wells and 3d seismic material are added to new research work in which rock and mineral, sedimentary facies and oil bearing characters are studied deeply by employing the methods of petroleum geology, sedimentary geology and reservoir geology. the results of reservoir prediction on fluvial sandbody in the upper of formation of guantao group obtained by using coherent analysis and acoustical impedance inversion bring good effect to the exploration and development of chengdao oilfield

    本文在以往工作的基礎上，補充新鉆探井、評價井和三維地震資料，運用石油地質學、沉積地質學、儲層地質學等原理方法，對埕島油田主力含油層系館上段地層的巖礦、沉積相及油氣富集特徵進行了深入的研究，對館上段河流相砂體進行了以測井約束地震反演為主的儲層預測研究，研究成果為繼續開展埕島油田的勘探開發提供了重要依據。
  16. Then the article analyses the effecting elements about the economic result of blasting and puts forward some improving measures, and summarizes optimizing model on economic result of blasting both internal and overseas bearing upon. the theory is based on the blasting cost model, which proposed by dr. zhong hanrong. combining with the specialties of water and electricity engineering, starting off through blasting result, it emphasizing considers drilling cost, deep hole bench blasting cost, reblasting cost, and the cost of bottom fleet hole blasting that in mixed loading emulsion explosive blasting

    本文在加拿大鐘漢榮博士提出的爆破成本模型基礎上，結合水電工程的特點，從爆破效果出發，著重考慮了應用混裝乳化炸藥爆破的鉆孔成本、深孔梯段爆破成本、二次爆破成本和爆破后根底淺孔爆破成本，以塊度、振動、安全為約束條件，以這四項成本最小為目標函數，廣泛收集各種爆破經濟技術條件，建立了爆破優化經濟數學模型。
  17. However some problems have exposed as well - employees " indifference in break - even cost, imperfect institutions of cost evaluation & cost control, cost accounting of workshop departed from that of the whole factory, false cost statistics, nonstandard materials management leading to out - of - control cost, man - hour and material quotas without restriction, financial executives with low abilities in general

    但也存在一些突出問題，如企業員工成本意識薄弱，成本考核、監督制度不完善，廠級成本核算與車間成本核算脫節，成本失真現象比較嚴重，物資管理缺乏規范化而造成成本失控，工時及材料定額不完善而缺乏約束力，從事財務管理會計人員的素質普遍不高等等。
  18. In order to re - claim the political power status, japan has made all kinds of efforts : actively participating in the establishment of post - cold - war new international orders ; aiming at breaking the judicial bounds of war defeatist by focusing on revising post - war japan peace constitution ; seeking to be a military heavy weight ; pushing reform of united nation ( un ) security council ; pursuing to become one of permanent members of un security council ; joining un peace keeping ; attend global hot spots to impose japan influence

    當今世界， 「和平與發展」依然是時代主題，大國間已經建立了各色各樣的「夥伴關系」 ，這些以不結盟、不對抗為特徵，強調合作與對話的「夥伴關系」有可能成為規范和約束日本的外交政策和行為，從而減輕或削弱日本成為政治大國可能產生的負面影響的主要因素；第二，日本國內政治制度和社會思潮對日本復活軍國主義有一定的牽製作用。
  19. The main factors impact the balance of the incentive and constraint mechanism as follows : managerial option mechanism, performance evaluation mechanism, inner constraint mechanism, out environmental constraint mechanism, incentive and constraint mechanism in compensation, ect

    影響經營者激勵、約束均衡的主要因素有：經營者選擇機制；績效評價機制；內部約束機制；外部環境約束機制；報酬激勵與約束成本等。
  20. Generates alter table statements when scripting constraints

    在編寫約束腳本時生成alter table語句。
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