細胞外抗原 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xìbāowàikàngyuán]
細胞外抗原 英文
extracellular antigen
  • 細 : 形容詞1 （條狀物橫剖面小） thin; slender 2 （顆粒小） in small particles; fine 3 （音量小） thin ...
  • 胞 : Ⅰ名詞1 （胞衣） afterbirth2 （同一個國家或民族的人） fellow countryman; compatriot Ⅱ形容詞（同胞...
  • 外 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面） outside; external side 2 （外國） foreign country 3 （以外） besides; beyond; in ...
  • 抗 : Ⅰ動詞1 （抵抗; 抵擋） resist; combat; fight 2 （拒絕; 抗拒） refuse; defy 3 （對等） contend with...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 細胞 : cell; sytes; bioplast; cella; [口語] gene; [生物學] cellule; cellule cellulli cellulo ; cello ; k...
  1. Dendritic cells are characterized by their ability to efficiently present antigen, and are uniquely equipped to stimulate naive t cell responses. immature dendritic cells acquire antigens from throughout the peripheral body, then migrate to t - lymphocyte - dependent areas of lymph nodes. thus, dendritic cells act as bridges, operating at the interface of innate and acquired immunity

    作為機體免疫系統中功能最強的專職性抗原提呈細胞（ antigen - presentingcells ， apc ） ，樹突狀細胞（ dendriticcells ， dc ）能高效地攝取、加工處理和提呈抗原，具有較強的遷移能力，並能顯著地激活初始型t細胞以啟動t細胞免疫應答反應，此外， dc與b細胞以及nk細胞等也存在著相互作用，可見， dc在連接天然免疫和獲得性免疫之間起著非常重要的作用。
  2. On the other hand, there is substanial evidences tha dcs mediate tolerane. the gm - csf - stbolated mouse bone mwderived mhc class ii + dc progendors tha are deficient in cell surface erpression of the costbolatory molecules b7 - l and b7 - 2 can induce alloanginspecific t ceil anergy in vbo. systendc adchstraion of these donor - derived dc progendors to recipients intravenously 7 days before transplantation prolonged the median graft survival tane from 9. 5 days to 22 days wbout additional twnosuppressions in a mouse cardinc twlanation model

    1995年， lul等報道表面缺乏共刺激分子，特別是缺乏cd80 （ b7 - 1 ）和cd86 （ b7 - 2 ）的未成熟型dc能在體外誘導同種抗原特異性的t細胞無能，而對dc的適當處理能夠使未成熟型dc潛在的耐受原性得以放大和增強，使得dc在誘導免疫耐受中具有相當重要的作用及潛在的應用價值。
  3. The expression of viral antigens on the cell surface and disruption of the cytoskeleton can cause the cell - to - cell interactions and cellular appearance to change, making the cell a target for immune cytolysis

    病毒抗原在細胞表面表達，以及細胞骨架的破壞能引起細胞細胞相互作用，細胞的外形會改變，導致細胞成為免疫殺傷的靶位。
  4. Study on immunoreaction induced by dcs loaded with hepatocarcinoma antigen peptide in vitro

    樹突狀細胞負載肝癌抗原肽疫苗體外誘導特異性免疫學反應的研究
  5. Antibacteral peptide ( abp ) existing in the biosphere with the biotic activity is a kind of little peptide and has the action of antibacteria commonly and even can resist some protozoa, virus and tumour cells. the antibacteral peptide has become one of the hot spots of foreign and domestic scholars " investigavitions who gave more and more favors to it as its no ill effect

    抗菌肽（ antibacteralpeptides ， abp ） ，是生物界中廣泛存在的一類生物活性小肽，一般具有抗細菌或真菌作用，有些還具有抗原蟲、病毒或腫瘤細胞的功能，且無毒副作用，倍受國內外學者的青睞，已成為國內外學者的研究熱點。
  6. Hi our study, dendritic cells ( dcs ) were derived from the cultivation of peripheral blood monocytes in vitro successfully. then to observe whether dcs transfected with carcinoembryonic antigen ( cea ) - vaccinia recombinant virus ( rv - cea ) can induces cytotoxic t lymphocyte - mediated cea - specific immunity in vitro

    體外成功地完成了cd14 +單核細胞來源的樹突狀細胞（ dc ）的培養，並進一步研究人癌胚抗原重組痘苗病毒（ rv - cea ）轉染dc后體外誘導的cea特異性細胞免疫。
  7. Major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) class ii molecules are the predominant presenters of exogenous antigens to t helper cells

    主要組織相容性復合體（ mhc ）類分子可將外源性抗原提呈給t輔助細胞。
  8. The mechanism by which intracellular antigens are accessible to extracellular maternal antibodies has not yet been fully answered

    細胞內抗原可能作用於細胞外母體抗體的機制尚未完全清楚。
  9. The characteristics of this method are : a, directly counting cell number without the influence of the metabolic state of the cells ; b, discrimination of target cells from effector cells in cell - mediated cytotoxicity assay ; c, less treatment step, and free - radioactivity ; d, high sensitivity and reliability. 2, using the above assay, immunofluorescent labeled technique, and flow cytometry, the pbmc proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, cell cycle, activation, cytokines and membrane marker were detected. the results showed that the number of pbmc reduced, but the activity of pbmc increased dose - dependently ; the reduction of cell number resulted from necrosis and apoptosis ; the supernatant of k562 cell lines were not able to block the cell cycle, but to promote it ; the ratio of t cell subset and the expression of thl and th2 cytokines increased

    結合以上創建的方法和免疫熒光流式細胞術，用k562細胞株可溶性分泌物（上清）對外周血單個核細胞（ pbmc ）進行培養以模擬體內微環境，然後分別從細胞增殖、凋亡、壞死、細胞周期、活性、細胞因子和表面抗原表達等方面進行研究，結果發現用腫瘤上清培養的pbmc細胞數量下降明顯，但同時對其有激活作用，且呈劑量依賴性；細胞數的下降主要是由細胞壞死和凋亡引起的，腫瘤上清對細胞周期沒有阻斷作用，反而略有促進作用； t細胞亞群比例增加，並促進表達th1 、 th2細胞因子。
  10. At present, in an attempt to stimulate specific antitumor immunity, experimental models and clinical studies are currently evaluating the potent antigen - presenting capacity of dc combined with single or multiple tumor antigen epitopes. however, there are several problems in utilizing pulsing dc with synthetic immunodominant peptides from identified antigens. 1 ) the potential induction of tolerance ; 2 ) the need to determine the patient ' s hla haplotype, the limitation of therapy to patients whose tumors express defined specific tumor antigens in the context of the correct hla phenotype, the unavailability of peptides for all hla haplotypes ; 3 ) the lack of cd4 help cell - related epitopes for most antigens ; and 4 ) the ctl resulting from such protocols have a good in vitro capacity to kill peptide - pulsed target cells but only a modest capacity to kill tumor cells

    但是，學者們發現這一療法存在著如下的缺陷：單一ctl表位抗原肽的應用其抗腫瘤作用弱於多種腫瘤抗原的聯合應用，且有誘導免疫耐受的潛在危險，有時反而會促進腫瘤的生長；事先需對患者的hla單倍型進行鑒定，以確定ctl表位與hla單倍型是否匹配，目前尚缺乏能與所有hla單倍型相匹配的ctl表位，從而限制了這一療法的應用；這一療法所產生的ctl在體外能有效殺傷經腫瘤抗原肽共孵育過的靶細胞，但對腫瘤細胞的殺傷能力較弱：這種l表位抗原肽缺乏cd4汀h細胞相關的表位，因此，不能誘導有效的th細胞免疫應答。
  11. It contains dha known for increase the resistibility against stimulate and pollution of environment

    深海魚油能增強肌膚對外界刺激和污染的抵抗力，為肌膚提供膠原蛋白之餘，補充細胞的活力。
  12. Effective activation of antigen - specific t cells not only requires the first signal transduction through t - cell receptor ( tcr ) binding with peptide - mhc complex on the antigen presenting cell ( apc ), but also needs the second signal, termed costimulation. costimulation critical to the degree and consequence of t cell activation is provided by interaction between soluble factors or cell - surface molecules on the t cell and on the apc

    而t細胞的活化除需要t細胞受體（ tcr ）與抗原呈遞細胞（ antigenpresentingcell ， apc ）表面的抗原肽- mhc復合物結合所形成的第一信號外，還需要t細胞和apc表面的其它膜分子結合所提供的共刺激信號（亦稱第二信號或輔助刺激信號， costimulatorysignal ）的參與。
  13. Methods employed to prepare vaccine include rumor cells genetically modified with cytokines, costimulatory molecules and tumor antigenic peptides, dendritic cells ( dc ) primed with tumor antigens in vitro or genetically modified with tumor antigens, or fusion of tumor cells with antigen presenting cells ( apc )

    現有的比較受到關注的制備腫瘤疫苗的方法有各種細胞因子、共刺激分子、腫瘤抗原肽等基因修飾的腫瘤細胞疫苗；體外抗原致敏的或腫瘤抗原肽基因修飾的樹突狀細胞疫苗；腫瘤細胞與抗原遞呈細胞融合疫苗等。
  14. It delivers the false ? folding peptides for presentation to proteasomes in normal cells, while in tumor cells it acts as main tumor - resistant antigen, inducing specific immune response. recent research found that grp94 also relates with cell cycles, differentiation and apoptosis

    此外發現它還具有抗原提呈作用，在正常細胞中參與折疊錯誤蛋白到蛋白酶體的提呈；在腫瘤細胞中作為主要的腫瘤排斥抗原，引發針對該腫瘤細胞的特異性免疫反應。
  15. Tsujihashi h, nakanishi a, matsuda h, et al. cell proliferation of human bladder tumors determined by brdurd and ki67 immunostaining. j urol, 1991 ; 145 : 846

    楊進益，章詠裳.膀胱移行細胞癌增殖細胞核抗原表達的研究.中華泌尿外科雜志， 1996 ; 17 : 219
  16. These proteins are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom where they form a multiple genetic family. they have been suggested to be involved in dif ferent aspects of plant physiology and cell biology through their ability to bind and / or carry lipophilic compounds, including the formation of cutin by transporting the hydrophobic cutin monomers to the apoplast and the defence of plants against pathogens as antimicrobial agents and in flowering

    此外nsltp在植物體內廣泛存在並由一個基因家族編碼，由於它能結合和轉運脂類物質，因此推測它可能參與植物體內許多不同的生理過程，如轉運蠟質的角質單體到表皮細胞外側，作為抑菌蛋白抵抗病原菌的入侵以及花粉和柱頭的識別等。
  17. A miniature swine model of nerve transplantation was used to investigate the effects of preoperative ultraviolet - b ( uv - b ) - irradiated donor alloantigen portal venous infusion and injection of cultured major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) - matched schwann cells into the nerve graft

    本試驗通過一個小型的豬的神經移植模型來調查經以下處理后移植物的抗原性：術前紫外線- b照射供體移植物，肝門靜脈浸泡神經移植物以及向移植物內注射培育過的主要組織相容性復合物配對雪旺細胞。
  18. Lee, ys ; yovn, sj. immune response induced by immunization with hepatitis virus core dna isolated from chronic active hepatitis patients j. immunollett. 2001 ， 78 ( 1 ) : 1320

    賈戰生，慢性乙型肝炎病毒攜帶者外周單個核細胞體外抗原誘導的抗體反應j .第四軍醫大學學報， 2000 ， 20 （ 7 ） ： 4547
  19. Immunostaining showed that two to three layers of pcna - positive cells were present in the peripheral area of the tumor nests of vc, but with a diffuse disseminated distribution in the tumor nests of sccs

    增殖細胞核抗原陽性細胞在疣狀癌呈連續性分佈於腫瘤巢外側2 ~ 3層細胞，而鱗狀細胞癌則呈現廣泛性散在分佈。
  20. The antibody system works well against a number of disease - causing agents or pathogens ? especially against the many bacteria that live outside a host ' s cells

    這種抗體系統對於好些病原菌功效卓著，特別是許多存身於宿主細胞外的細菌。
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