置換行為 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhìhuànhángwéi]
置換行為 英文
alternative behaviour
  • 置 : 動詞1. （擱; 放） place; put; lay 2. （設立; 布置） set up; establish; arrange; fix up 3. （購置） buy; purchase
  • 換 : 動詞1. （給人東西同時從他那裡取得別的東西） exchange; barter; trade 2. （變換; 更換） change 3. （兌換） exchange; cash
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 置換 : displace; substitute; supersede; substitution; replacement; permutation; transposition; transposi...
  • 行為 : action; behaviour; conduct; deed
  1. In order to solve these problems, this article provides some measures : standardizing listed company ' s action of buying and displacing assets, implementing " three depart " strictly, choosing a satisfied big shareholder and encouraging strategic m & a, probing the credit standing strictly and examining hypothecated loan of the new big shareholder, improving the system of disclosure of information, changing the pattern of major shareholders dominating company, promoting the listed companies governance structure and protecting the lawful rights and interests of small and middle investors

    針對這些問題，筆者提出了解決的對策：規范上市公司購買、置換資產行為、嚴格實行三分開；在並購重組過程中，引進選好大股東，鼓勵戰略性並購；對新的大股東應嚴格資信調查和對貸款質押的審查，確保付款及時到位；完善信息披露；改變一股獨大的格局；完善上市公司法人治理結構，切實保護中小股東利益。
  2. Conclusions : to lower the morbidity and mortality, different kinds of nursing care should be applied to different cardiomegaly after heart valve replacement operations

    結論：巨大心臟瓣膜置換術后應針對分型特點進行不同的監護，預防為主，減少盲目性，達到術后減少並發癥和降低病死率，促進患者康復的目的。
  3. A brief introduction is given to the treatment of the zeya dam foundation, principles of seepage control and design of the concrete face rockfill dam of the zeya reservoir. as for the excavation of the sand - gravel zones, except the toe slab and its 1 / 9 bottom width down stream, the alluvial layers are excavated to the micro - weathered rocks, while the other sections remain unexcavated. regarding to the treatment of the fracture zones, concrete filling is used for the toe slabs and semi - permeable materials are used for other section. according to the construction characteristics, a filter is placed in the down stream embankment foot. to improve the integrity of the dam foundation and anti - seepage capability consolidation grouting and curtain grouting are adopted. as a result safety, economic benefit, convenience in construction and good performace are achieved

    簡要論述澤雅水庫面板堆石壩壩基處理和防滲的原則及設計要點.趾板基礎和堆石體各區砂礫石基礎開挖，除趾板與其下游1 / 9底寬范圍以及壩腳挖除沖積層至弱風化（局部微風化）基巖外，其餘部分均予以保留.斷層破碎帶處理，趾板部位採用混凝土塞，其它部位採用半透水料置換，並根據本工程特點在下游壩腳加設了反濾層.為提高壩基的整體性和防滲性能，對趾板進行了固結和帷幕灌漿.達到了安全、經濟、便於施工的目的，運行情況良好，可為面板堆石壩的設計和研究提供參考與借鑒
  4. Meanwhile, fundamental principles about electroless tin plating by reducing agent and disproportionation reaction were explained. function of every component in the bath was explained that complexing agent can effectively change the potential of copper and tin, and accelerate the beginning of replacement reaction favorably ; reducing agent can increase the rate of chemical reaction and has the effect of promoting reaction dynamics too ; antioxidant can effectively prevent sn2 + in the bath from being oxidated ; additive agent a can improve the stability of the bath ; additive agent b has such effects as refining and brightening for the tin deposits, and it enlarges the range of brightening section ; additive agent c used as leveling agent can not only make the depostis level off, but also improve the dispersive ability of the bath ; surface - active agent can solve bubble problem which gathered on the surface of the deposits, and improve the surface quality of the deposits and the bath stability

    闡述了鍍液中各組分的作用：絡合劑能有效地改變銅、錫的電位，促使初期的置換反應順利進行；還原劑能加快化學反應速度，對反應動力學有積極的促進作用；抗氧化劑能有效地防止鍍液中sn ~ （ 2 + ）的氧化；添加劑a能提高鍍液的穩定性，添加劑b對鍍層能有細化和光亮作用，擴大了鍍層光亮區的范圍；添加劑c作為平滑劑，不僅能增強鍍層表面的平整性，而且能提高鍍液的分散能力；表面活性劑較好地解決了化學鍍過程中汽泡在鍍件表面聚集的問題，提高了鍍層的表面質量和鍍液的穩定性。
  5. In the paper we mainly researched space gainp2 / gaas / ge high efficiency tandem cells " making process by home - made low pressure mocvd technology and new solar concentrators. firstly, we presented reseached and development of solar cells in china and foreign countries ; secondly, on the basis of fundamental priciples and theories, we discussed some factors of influcing conversion efficiency of solar cells, and analysed the i - v output feature of two - junction tandem cells ; then the design concept of gainp2 / gaas / ge two - junction tandem cells was discussed, the detailed aspects of gainp2 / gaas / ge tandem cells epitaxy growth by low pressure mocvd was studied, and some questions on epitaxy growth ( such as crystal qualities, interface stress, element interdiffusion, n - and p - type doping et all ) were solved ; after that, the cell fabrication process was described ; finally, we reseached the hot pressing and mould process technology of an arched line - focus fresnel lens made by pmma, designed and fixed new solar concentrators

    本文致力於用自製的低壓mocvd裝置進行cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge空間用高效級聯太陽能電池製作的工藝以及聚光太陽能電池組件的研究。首先，介紹了國內外太陽能電池的研究現狀及應用情況；其次，運用太陽能電池基本原理討論影響電池轉換效率的因素，分析了級聯電池的伏安特性；隨后，討論了cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge雙結級聯電池的結構設計理念，研究了採用低壓mocvd技術生長cainp _ 2 / gaas / ge級聯太陽電池材料的工藝過程，解決了異質材料生長的結晶質量、界面應力、材料互擴散以及材料n 、 p型摻雜等一系列問題；然後總結了級聯電池的后工藝製作；最後，研究了以pmma為材料的菲涅耳線聚焦透鏡的熱壓成型工藝及其模具的加工工藝，設計並安裝完成新型聚光太陽能電池組件。
  6. This essay includes five chapters. chapter 1 discusses on why to start the reforms and illustrates the importance of the study on reforms of small - sized state enterprises. chapter 2 is the compiled case with a thorough discription of the two rounds of reforms of the company. chapter 3 and 4 give us respective analyses on the reforms described in chapter 2, focusing on researches on property right defmition, employee stock ownership plans. quantification of human capital, withdrawal of state property and employee identity transform, etc. and the last chapter summarizes the successful experiences from the company ' s reforms and put forward new issues about state enterprises which oll for further researches

    論文共分五部分，第一部分論述為什麼要進行國有企業改革以及研究小型國有企業改革的意義；第二部分為案例，對廣漢市糧油機械有限公司的兩次改革實踐作全面描述；第三、四兩部分為案例分析，分別對案例描述的兩次改革進行分析，主要研究產權界定，內部職工持股，勞動產權量化，國有資產退出，職工身份的置換等問題；最後一部分從廣漢市糧油機械有限公司的兩次改革實踐中總結成功的經驗，並提出企業改革后需要進一步研究的問題。
  7. This paper establishes some bio - mechanical property testing instrument to test vascular prostheses " mechanical properties ( replace - graft and stent - graft ) in vivo, which could provide basis for further research on vascular prostheses

    本課題初步搭建起能夠對人造血管（置換型和支架型）若干生物力學性能進行體外測試的相應裝置。為進一步對人造血管的研究提供基礎。
  8. The resistance furnace microcomputer automatic procedure temperaturecontrol system is rises, the temperature decrease speed and thesoaking time through the monolithic integrated circuit to the heatingfurnace carries on the strict control the installment, it changes thetemperature delivers, the demonstration and the numerical controlcollection to a body, take the microcomputer control as thefoundation, take the a / d switch as the core, and matches by thesuitable periphery connection electric circuit, realizes to theresistance furnace temperature automatic control

    電阻爐微機自動程序溫度控制系統就是通過單片機對加熱爐的升、降溫速率和保溫時間進行嚴格控制的裝置，它將溫度變送、顯示和數字控制集於一體，以微機控制為基礎，以a / d轉換器為核心，並配以適當的外圍介面電路，實現對電阻爐溫度自動控制。
  9. 2. asset restructuring of listed companies can be classified into 4 types such as merger & acquisition ( m & a ), transference of stock right, assets peeling and assets replace. 3

    本章首先概述了資產重組的分類標準，接著按資產重組的方式把我國目前上市公司資產重組行為分為四類：即股權轉讓、收購兼并、資產剝離，資產置換。
  10. Trough the analysis of stabilization safety on tengzigou arch dam, some conclusions are obtained in the following : ( 1 ) tengzigou arch dam is safe under normal poll level ; ( 2 ) stabilization safety factor of tengzigou arch dam is about 4 - 5 ; ( 3 ) it is proved that combinatorial reinforcement measures are effective and feasible

    對藤子溝拱壩的數值計算和模型試驗分析表明： （ 1 ）藤子溝水電站在正常蓄水位作用下，壩體和兩岸壩肩是穩定的； （ 2 ）藤子溝拱壩的整體安全度大概為4 5左右； （ 3 ）東北院提出的對左岸泥巖層挖除處理並用混凝土置換的加固除險措施經研究表明該加固措施是有效、可行的。
  11. Firstly, gravel piles in soil were laid for compacting and consolidating soil, then gravel composite foundation was treated with dynamic compaction in order to form three - level soil that is gravel composite soil and high replacement ratio composite foundation and dense composite foundation

    該法先在填土層中設置好碎石樁體，利用擠密和排水固結的作用使其得到初步加固，然後對荷載影響深度范圍內的復合土體進行低能強夯處理，迫使樁體碎石沿徑向擴散，形成上部為密實的碎石二合土層、中部為擴徑后高置換率復合地基、下部為整體夯密復合地基的三層結構。
  12. After studying the contents with " sx - 10 law " concerning the oil and gas ( o & g ) cost of the international oil company, the article has systematically analyzed and compared the sinopec and foreign oil company ' s o & g cost ' s differences, such as its classifications structures, and cost accounting etc. by analyzing the international oil company ' s common o & g cost ' s movement tendency and rule which has been outlined and showing in the recent 10 years, that is between 1991 and 2000, the article has compared and studied the differences in o & g costs between the sinopec and foreign oil company, furthermore, it has taken impersonally part the real and internal reasons in details which has resulted in the differences at home and abroad. for instance, it has concluded the reasons that contribute to the long - lasting higher production cost of the sinopec upstream in three aspects : firstly, it is due to the difference in its resource stratagem, that is, the foreign oil company can realize their o & g resource optimization by the way of resource electing and o & g assets replacement in the world market ; secondly, since most of the sinopec key oilfields have been in the middle or last development period which characterizing the " three high " ( high water containing, high yield and high lifting rate ), it has been an impersonal rule with a higher level of production cost ; finally, another factor resulting in the higher production cost lies in the execrable operating and social environment which has been facing by the domestic oil company and a great amount of non - producing payout which owes to the bad environment

    本論文從美國證監會（ sec ）對國外石油公司油氣成本的《 sx4 - 10條例》的內容研究出發，系統地分析和比較了中外石油公司在油氣成本的分類、構成以及核算等方面的差異，並結合近十年來（ 1991 - 2000 ）國外石油公司油氣成本的變化趨勢和變化規律，對中外油氣成本結構和變化呈現出的差異進行了比較和研究，並就導致該差異產生的深層次原因進行了客觀翔實的剖析，文章特別指出，造成中石化上游油氣生產成本居高不下的原因有三個方面： （ 1 ）資源戰略方面，國外石油公司可以通過資源優選和資產置換來實現油氣資源的最優化選擇： （ 2 ）從開發程度上，中石化上游普遍進入以「三高」為特徵的開發階段，生產成本高是客觀規律： （ 3 ）企業面臨的惡劣經營和社會環境以及由此產生的大量非生產支出，也是構成企業生產成本較高的原因之一。
  13. Taking dayaowan project as an example, this paper discusses the applicable scope, construction technology and reinforcement effect of ground improvement methods including preloading, vibroflotation and dynamic consolidation

    摘要以大窯灣實際工程為背景，對堆載預壓法、強夯法、振沖加強夯法和強夯置換法的適用范圍、施工工藝和加固效果進行了研究。
  14. Such formatting includes : correct line breaks and typography, phonetic reading guide text ( known in japanese as furigana ), two lines in one for in - line footnotes, horizontal text within vertical text flow, enclosed characters with circles or other shapes surrounding the characters, and combined characters that are used to fit short words into the space of a single character

    這些格式設置包括：正確的換行和版式，為文字添加拼音（在日文中稱為furigana ） ，將兩行合二為一以添加置嵌入式的腳注，在豎排文字中混合使用水平文字，用圓形或其他形狀將字元圈起來，以及使較短的詞語只佔據單個字元空間的合併字元功能等。
  15. The research and application of is still in beginning stage in china up to now, there are a lot of discussion of technology applicability, economic reasonableness and specific designmethod

    我國在置換通風技術的研究和應用尚處于起步階段，迄今為止，國內仍主要針對置換通風在應用中的技術適用性和經濟合理性以及工程設計方面的具體設計方法進行大量的討論。
  16. Surface wave velocity detecting tests and dry density detecting tests by pit replacement method were conducted respectively for the transient material ( a ) and main rock - fill material ( b ) used in the construction of concrete - faced rock - fill dam of shuibuya project

    摘要以水布埡面板堆石壩施工中的過渡料（ a ）和主堆石料（ b ）為主要檢測對象，分別進行了面波波速和試坑置換法干密度的對比檢測試驗。
  17. Companioning the case of the national blue - star group companion being listed companion by shell of the chemical equipment of south - west listed companion which i did myself as a main charge, first this article will discuss the main factors of selecting shell companion and the patterns of exchanging stock and t heir price. the second this article will discuss the patterns of reconstructing the enterprise ' s assets and some important problems such as the growth and high profits in the recent times. the third, this article will discuss the ways of reconstructing of debts and their flavor. the forth, this article will discuss the effect of the government in the assets reconstructing of listed companions

    本文以資本運營和資產重組的基本理論為基礎，結合本人親身參與的藍星科技買殼西南化機間接上市的實際運作經驗及體會，對買殼上市中涉及的目標公司選擇、股權收購方式以及資產置換、債務重組等關鍵性問題和難點問題進行分析，對影響買殼方買殼上市的目的實現的因素進行了論述，針對該案例中存在的具體問題和我國目前殼資源重組中存在的普遍性問題，提出了解決的辦法和思路，結合案例對政府在殼資源重組中應該發揮的作用進行了探討。
  18. The purpose of this paper is to find out the characteristics of corporate restructuring and reorganizations under the background of strengthened supervision and improved accounting standards in 2001. using financial data on chinese public firms that had performed restructurings in 2001, this paper studies the impact of restructuring activities on firms " performance. it finds that performance of sample companies are better than the market average both before and after restructuring, but financial ratios does not improve obviously, what ' s more, the roe ratios even drop generally, which are very different from the characteristics during the past few years

    本文採用以財務數據為基礎進行評價的方法，對2001年上市公司資產重組進行研究發現，從資產重組的方式來看，收購兼并所佔比重最高，業績較好的公司偏向于選擇這種重組方式，而資產置換、股權轉讓仍為績差公司所青睞；從重組前後財務指標的變化來看，重組公司表現優於市場平均水平，但與往年重組公司當年業績即得到明顯提升不同， 2001年重組公司財務指標並未得到顯著提高，凈資產收益率更是全面下降，統計對比不支持上市公司利用資產重組調節公司績效的觀點。
  19. Firm ' s risk - shifting behavior and its selection of debt contracts

    企業的風險置換行為及其對債務契約的選擇
  20. Along with the development of the socialist market economy, the relocation of the urban land use happens regularly for the purpose of increasing the comprehensive effectiveness

    隨著社會主義市場經濟的發展和土地使用制度的改革，以提高城市土地使用綜合效率為目的的城市用地功能置換行為大量產生。
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