行業慣性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [hángyèguànxìng]
行業慣性 英文
industrial inertia
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 業 : Ⅰ名詞1 （行業） line of business; trade; industry 2 （職業） occupation; profession; employment; ...
  • 慣 : Ⅰ動詞1 （習以為常 積久成性; 習慣） be used to; be in the habit of 2 （縱容; 放任） spoil; indulge...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 行業 : trade; profession; industry
  • 慣性 : [力學] inertia; inertance; sluggishness; the force of inertia
  1. Around the central issue of how raise the chain building materials supermarket management, with the marketing management, the serve marketing theory etc. as guide, regard improving the marketing management of the building materials supermarket of the chain as the starting point, surrounded in the center of how structure with modern chain building materials supermarket characteristic management system of marketing, analyzed the insufficient that the building materials supermarket of the chain existed during marketing management at present. base on the consumption habit of the local consumer, regional actual conditions, and combine with my working experi ence in that firm, i have carried on the deep investigations, adopted the demonstration and reiteration method, have systematically studied the relation of the inner marketing, the serve marketing strategy, 4p ' s marketing tactics, the strategy of corporate image, the customer satisfied, enterprise profit ability existed direct relevant relation in the building materials supermarket of the chain and propose a competitiveness model against chain building materials supermarket., thus proposes some feasibility suggestions in improving the marketing management and the key competitiveness of the building materials supermarket

    筆者圍繞著如何提高連鎖建材超市的營銷管理工作這一中心問題，以營銷管理學，服務市場營銷學等理論作為指導，以提高連鎖建材超市的營銷管理工作為出發點，圍繞著如何構建具有現代連鎖建材超市特點的營銷管理體系為中心，針對目前連鎖建材超市在營銷管理中存在的問題和不足，立足於歐倍德連鎖建材超市無錫店當地消費者的消費習慣，地區環境等實際情況並結合筆者在該單位工作的一些經驗和體會，進行了深入的調查研究，採用實證、規范相結合的方法，系統地研究了連鎖建材超市的內部營銷，服務營銷戰略， 4p營銷組合，企業形象戰略，顧客滿意，企業盈利能力之間存在的直接的相關關系，並提出了一個針對連鎖建材超市特點的競爭力模型，從而為改進連鎖建材超市的營銷管理，不斷提高連鎖建材超市的核心競爭力提出一些可行性建議。
  2. ( 2 ) the formation of the new - style aeco is analyzed by the methodology of game theory. the conclusion is that many fanners could form the aeco finally, if they mix long - term in an organization at the drive of individual ration and undergo the repetitious game. otherwise, the non - cooperative action must be punished, and the punishment can evolve into the informal organization such as commandment,

    結論是，在個人理性的驅動下，多人長期相處於一個組織，經過多次反復的長期博弈，不合作行為必然遭到「懲罰」 ，這種「懲罰」逐漸演變成戒律、倫理道德、風俗、習慣、家法（宗法） 、村規民約等非正式組織，最終形成農業經濟合作組織。
  3. Second part, recommend and the purchase three extremely representative countries of evaluation and analysis legislate of u. s. a., britain, germany, u. s. a. mainly concentrates the legislation type, and because of the reason of the national system, legislate to assign to and legislate for the union with two layers of structure of state law again, britain belongs to the typical self - disciplining legislative system, purchased and amalgamated the committee to control and supervised by london mainly, germany is that in some cases the commerce is used to having legal effect, synthesize above - mentioned various countries " characteristic, propose our country while purchasing legislating, should walk the doctrine of the golden mean, the due course of law that purchase should follow in operation all kinds of being must be exhaustive and having operating nature

    第二部分，介紹並評析了美、英、德等三個極具代表性國家的收購立法，美國主要是屬于集中立法型，並由於國家體制的原因，立法又分為聯邦立法與州立法兩層結構，英國則是屬典型的自律性立法體系，主要由倫敦城收購與合併委員會來進行控制和監管，德國則是在某些情況下商業習慣具有法律效力，綜合上述各國特點，提出我國在進行收購立法時，也應行中庸之道，對各類收購行為在操作上應遵循的法定程序須詳盡且具操作性。
  4. There are three surveys in this paper, the retail market survey, the newspaper market survey and the reader survey. through these surveys, the general situation of taizhou market of newspaper industry was outlined. on the base of a large number of data, it summarizes the characteristics of taizhou market of newspaper industry. first, the competition between outside area newspapers and local newspapers has already formed. second, at present, newspapers published in big cities gain the advantage over the local newspaper. third, readers in taizhou have their own characteristics, which are very different from readers in big cities, such as the educational level, the economical condition, the reading custom, and so on. third, the network of newspapers retail sales has already established, and most of newsstands belong to local post offices. finally, comparatively speaking, both readers and newspaper sales in taizhou are on a small scale

    本文選取江蘇省泰州市報業市場作為樣本，通過對零售市場、本地外地報紙市場佔有情況、受眾規模與閱報習慣三個方面的實地調查，用大量數據勾勒出泰州報業市場的整體現狀，並在此基礎上總結出泰州報業市場的特徵:外地報紙和本地報紙之間的競爭已經形成，外地報紙在競爭中處于優勢地位;報紙讀者在受教育程度、經濟狀況、閱讀習慣上存在自身特點，讀者規模相對較小;以郵政報刊亭為主的報紙零售網路已經建立，報刊亭進報渠道多樣，但總體零售量不大。針對泰州市報業市場所反映的全國地級市報業市場的現狀和特點，論文對地級市報業市場和大城市報業市場的共性與個性進行了比較，並在此基礎上指出，目前條件下，不同的報業主體在開發地級市報業市場時應採取不同的對策。
  5. The appropriate amounts of discretionary fixed costs are diffi ? cult to determine with precision, so budgeted amounts often are based on traditions, rules of thumb, or industry customs

    準確地計量酌量性固定成本是不可能的，所以他們的預算通常根據傳統、經驗或行業慣例來確定。
  6. The article points out that " webtrust principles and criteria " establ ished by aicpa consists of criteria of cpa craft and is characteristic of globalization

    文章指出， aicpa推出的「網譽認證準則與規范」以行業慣例為內容，具有跨越國界的、全球化的特徵，這種規范在行業內部具有極大的權威性。
  7. ( 3 ) for time - varying risk premium and industrial momentum, serial autocorrelation of factor returns including size, be / me, and industry contributes mostly to momentum profits, especially industry momentum

    （ 3 ）時變風險溢價與行業慣性方面：公司規模、凈值市值比以及行業等因子的序列自相關性是慣性策略獲利性之主要驅動因素，尤以行業慣性顯著。
  8. First, we examine whether the momentum strategies and contrarian strategies can create significant profits under different formulation horizons and holding horizons, whether past factors ( market return, characteristic of individual stock ) can provide an important implication about the profits of momentum and contrarian strategies. second, we discuss the reasons for the significant profits of momentum or contrarian strategies, including seasonality, cross - sectional risk factors, time - varying risk premium, industry momentum, and stock underreaction, overreaction, and random walk. third, we discuss the link of time series predictability of stock returns and momentum profits, including stock underreation, overreaction, delayed reaction, and time - varying risk premium

    研究目的有四：其一，探討中國股市執行慣性策略或反向策略的顯著獲利模式及與各狀態因子（市場及個股狀態）的關系；其二，全面分析中國股市慣性與反向效應之潛在成因，包括截面風險因素、季節因素、時變的風險溢價、行業慣性效應以及行為金融模型與conradandkaul （ 1998 ）的隨機遊走觀點之爭論；其三，構建非效率市場之股票價格運動方程，並基於此，規范地演進慣性效應之時序生成途徑，包括反應不足、過度反應、滯后反應以及風險溢價的時變性；其四，探討中國股市中投資者的特殊信息反應模式，並以此來解讀中國股市的中短期過度反應與反應不足的現象，以及個股間的超前一滯后關系的表現模式及形成機理。
  9. However, the inertia in the people ' s lack of respect for commercial law may be strong enough to make the change in their legal behavior slow

    然而，人們對商業法缺乏認識的慣性可能強大到足夠使他們的法律行為逐漸發生變化。
  10. Besides, the electric power industry is a special industry, and some of its important sectors are in natural monopoly because of the characteristic of the network, which determines the government must supervise the electric power industry on price, entry, service and etc. because of the gradualness of the electric power reform and the limit of the inertia of original plan economy system, the new - type electric power supervisory system that meets the requirement of the market economy at present has not been set up yet in our country

    電力產業又是一個特殊的行業，它的一些重要環節因網路特徵明顯而具有自然壟斷性，這決定了政府必須對電力產業進行監管。盡管經歷了20多年開放和引入競爭的電力體制改革實踐，並於2003年3月成了國家電力監管委員會，但由於受電力體制改革的漸進性以及原有計劃經濟體制慣性的限制，監管改革進度緩慢，監管機構、監管職能、監管方式改進尚不明朗，我國目前符合市場經濟要求的新型電力監管體系尚未真正建立。
  11. With the technical method studying of the airline company transportation disaster forewarning, it adopts analytic hierarchy process to monitor and evaluate the disaster, and according to the international customs and industry characters, it initially builds the target system of the airline company transportation disaster forewarning with quantification and united standard, and discusses the using ways of the monitor targets, and it constructs the basically dealing program of the urgent aid and the frame of organization construction based on the disaster countermove

    在航空公司交通災害預警系統的技術方法研究中，引入了層次分析法模型和方法監測評價災害，按照國際慣例和行業特性初步建立了量化、標準統一的航空公司交通災害預警指標體系，討論了監測指標的使用方法。並針對航空公司交通災害提出了緊急救援的基本應對程序和組織結構框架，最後對研究結論進行了總結。
  12. As of late 2005, completed and entered the reform process listed companies had more than half the total market value, and shenzhen sme board had achieved fully circulation. all show that shareholder structure reform which resolves the largest historical problem besetting our stock market is in full swing, the chinese capital market is in a profound institutional change. in the process of this historic institutional change, systematic study of economics involved in the shareholder structure reform, will be the important guarantee of protecting the interests of parties investors, reducing costs and the successful completion of the reform

    在對前人文獻進行充分總結的基礎上，採用分量回歸模型研究了不同業績水平上市公司股權結構對其績效的具體影響關系;基於政策中性原則、利益均分原則、歷史回溯原則和行為金融學的市場投資主體慣性行為與非齊次預期假設，從不同的角度研究證券市場中均衡對價的確定原則，並利用市場中試點公司的數據對理論分析的結果進行實證檢驗。
  13. The thesis mainly improves unidentification and self - adaptive controlling arithmetic brought forward by marsik and strejc, according to characteristics of inertia and time lag in beer ' s fermentation process. it does n ' t add demands to process model and also makes the unidentification and self - adaptive controlling arithmetic adapt process controlling of complex industry with characteristics of time lag and difficulty to modeling

    本論文根據發酵過程具有大慣性、時滯等特點，對marsik和strejc提出的無辨識自適應控制演算法進行了改進，在不增加對過程模型要求的同時，使無辨識自適應控制演算法同樣適用於大滯后、建模困難的復雜工業過程式控制制。
  14. Therefore, research on the relationship between the financial derivatives instruments innovation and financial tax system not only help to enhance our competitiveness in the financial services sector and respond to impact on the financial system by financial instruments rapid innovation, but also establish conductively china ' s financial system which is not contrary to international practice and can progress forward - looking orientation studies to financial tax system of future financial instrument

    因此，對金融工具的創新與金融稅制之間的關系進行研究，不僅有利於增強我國金融業的競爭力，應對金融工具的日新月異所帶來的對金融稅制的沖擊，也有利於我國金融稅制的建立和健全是朝著既不違背國際慣例，又可以對未來金融工具的稅收制度進行前瞻性研究的方向前進。
  15. The inertia brake is attributed to pure mechanical product, which has the function of both resisting gale and braking, and is used safely and reliably, so it is popular very much with the customers of port, metallurgy, mine, lifting and transporting vocation and so on

    慣性制動器是根據慣性制動原理設計的，融制動器、聯軸節以及二者相互轉換功能於一體的新型裝置。慣性制動器屬純機械產品，兼有防風與制動的功能，安全可靠，因而倍受港口、冶金、礦山、起重運輸等行業用戶的歡迎。
  16. Although the theory, the principle, the pattern and the method of iee in regions are similarly adaptable, the factor system of iee in a industry and the choice of weight indexes will different and change, which need the industrial regulation and corresponding habit

    雖然區域投資環境評價的理論、原則、模式和方法對於行業投資環境評價是同樣適用的，但行業投資環境評價的要素系統建立和指標權重選取等會有所差異和變化，需要符合行業性規定和習慣。
  17. In the context of multi - law, the national law refers to the laws stipulated, affirmed and carried out from upper class to the lower by particular state institutions and the custom law refers to the sum total of customary force of compulsion which both maintains and adjusts the relations between a certain folk social organization or group and its members under or beyond the national legal system, which is a criterion of conduct with some compulsion in some particular fields ( including some regions and professions )

    在法律多元的語境里，國家法一般地指由特定國家機構制定、確認和自上而下予以實施的法律，習慣法指在國家的法制之下或之外，維持和調整民間某種社會組織或群體及成員之間關系的習慣約束力量的總和，是適用於一定領域（包括地域和行業）的帶有一定強制性的行為規范。
  18. A temporary cessation of the customary activities of an engagement, occupation, or pursuit

    休息某個活動、職業或追求的習慣性持續行為暫時停頓
  19. China ' s petroleum enterprises have been experiencing market - oriented reform for more than years. because of the inertia ! effect of planning economic system, however, the market conduct of china ' s petroleum enterprises has a strong characteristic of " transitional period ", which leads to lack of the ability of enterprises " self - organization and highly governmental regulation

    中國石油企業已經歷了20多年市場化取向的改革實踐和探討，但由於長期計劃經濟體制運作下的慣性作用，其市場行為實質還具有很強的「過渡性」色彩，政府高度規制、企業自組織力量不足是市場行為的基本表現。
  20. Secondly, basing on the theoretical analysis to the model in customers purchasing behavior and brand selection, the paper, according to the characteristics of different segment markets as well as consumption classcs, standing at the angle of enterprise, theorctically explores how to make marketing strategies in limited markets, and gives a concise as well as empirical explanation by a variety of concrete cases, guined the primary idea how the real estate enterprises builds up the marketing strategics based on adapting to the features of buyer market, the real estate the thesis uses the methods of swot etc to analyse the strategic environment and the interior factors of chongqing longjingyuan real estate businesses. in the pricing strategy, along the optional rule which customers purchase commodities for value maximization and price minimization, the paper works out the delivery value pricing method which can guarantee both the delivery value attracting customers and the profit of enterpriscs, combined with philip kotlers delivery value theory for customer

    本文首先對市場營銷管理的理論，特別是房地產營銷管理的特殊性、房地產市場發展的歷史和市場營銷管理的現狀進行了分析和總結，提出了本文的研究思路和以市場為導向的戰略理論指導思想。在本文運用的理論工具的指導下，應用市場調查理論、波特模型、市場細分理論，對本課題所處的市場環境，包括重慶市房地產市場和與本課題所在地區的宏觀經濟環境、區域環境、政策環境、城市規劃、行業環境以及消費者市場的收入水平、家庭結構、消費能力、消費心理、居住偏好、生活習慣等28個指標進行調查分析，對本課題的競爭環境進行了研究，提出了與本研究項目相適宜的市場需求和市場營銷機會，確定了項目要進入的目標市場。
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