訴訟歷史 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [sùsònglìshǐ]
訴訟歷史 英文
prior proceedings
  • 訴 : 動詞1. （說給人） tell; relate; inform 2. （傾吐） complain; accuse 3. （控告） appeal to; resort to
  • 訟 : 動詞1. （打官司） bring a case to court 2. （爭辯是非） dispute; argue
  • 歷 : Ⅰ名詞1 （經歷） experience 2 [天文學] （歷法） calendar 3 （歷書; 年鑒; 歷本） almanac Ⅱ動詞（經...
  • 史 : 名詞1 （歷史） history 2 （古代掌管記載史事的官） an official who was in charge of historical rec...
  • 訴訟 : [法律] lawsuit; litigation; legal action; judicial action; action
  • 歷史 : history; past records
  1. On the basis of reviewing history and comparative study, this paper examines the system of trial by default in our country ; at the same time using foreign experiences for reference, combines the specific situations in our judicial practice, then raises a tentative idea to reconstruct the system of trial by default in our country : to build a system of trial by default making the doctrine of ex parte debate as main part and doctrine of trial by default as supplement part ; at the same time to perfect the legislative stipulations on standards of default determination, procedural applications and remedies of trial by ex parte debate and trial by default, examinations of evidence in trial by default, in pursuit of forming an intact system structure, giving full play to the functions of system of trial by default and fulfilling the value target of civil proceedings

    因此，加強對我國缺席審判制度的研究，具有重要的理論和實踐價值。本文在歷史回顧和比較研究的基礎上，對我國的缺席審判制度進行了審視；同時借鑒國外的經驗，並結合我國司法實踐的具體情況，提出了重構我國缺席審判制度的設想：建立一種以一方辯論主義為主體，缺席判決主義為補充的缺席審判制度；同時完善缺席的認定標準、一方辯論判決與缺席判決程序的適用與救濟、缺席審判中的證據審查等方面的立法規定，以形成一個完整的制度體系，充分發揮缺席審判制度的功能，實現民事訴訟的價值目標。
  2. Why we call public interest litigation as new litigation, one reason is that we have not set any system about public interest litigation in our civil procedure act and administrative procedure act ; another reason is that the history of public interest litigation is only morn than one hundred years which make it looks like a juvenility in the field of action law. for it is new, it must has more theory space and practice worth to study, so i choice it as my subject of master " s degree

    公益訴訟之所以被稱之為新型訴訟，一是因為在我國現行的民事、行政訴訟框架中沒有設置相關的制度；二是因為放在國際大背景來看，它的成長歷史也不過區區一百多年，是訴訟法領域內尚不成熟的「少年」 ，正因其「新」 ，充滿可供研究探索的理論空間，具有發展完善的實際價值，我選擇了它作為碩士論文的課題。
  3. Then, through examining the historical evolution of subrogating rights and subrogating action, the author expounds the ranges and conditions to apply subrogating rights and the rules of the change of its functions

    其次，考察了代位權、代位訴訟制度的歷史演進軌跡，揭示了代位權適用范圍、適用條件和功能的發展變化規律。
  4. In light of this history of litigation and conflict, we the undersigned make this public appeal

    在了解這些訴訟及爭端的歷史，我們署名作此公開信呼籲。
  5. With an eye to the systematic of judicial interpretation, the inherent requirement of judicial independence, the nature of criminal adjudication, the accordance of power and responsibili ty, and the semanteme of judicial independence, the author finds out that the principle of " the people ' s courts shall exercise judicial power independently " shall also include the personal independence of individual judges. on this basis, the author reviews the adjudicative power endowed with the adjudicatory committee by law and holds that this provision has its historical significance, yet its application in today brings more malpractice than benefits. its application goes against the justness, the quality and the efficiency of the administration of justice, and goes against the realization of other important functions of the adjudicatory committee, the improvement of the skills and abilities of the judges

    在此基礎上，筆者對我國法律賦予審判委員會實質意義上的裁判權的規定進行了評析，認為，審判委員會行使裁判權，雖然有其存在的歷史原因，但在現在已經是弊大於利，它不利於司法公正，不利於保證案件質量，不利於提高訴訟效率，不利於提高訴訟效益，不利於審判委員會其他職能的正常發揮，不利於提高法官素質，理論界和實務界提出的種種保留審判委員會的裁判權的主張，並不能克服審判委員會行使裁判權的弊端，因此，應當取消審判委員會的裁判權（不是廢除審判委員會） ，法定的裁判者只能是負責個案審判的法官和人民陪審員。
  6. Chapter one : introduction the author discuses the different definitions of the exclusionary rules, the background of its establishment ( at the early stage there was only the exclusionary rule on evidence obtained with the means violating the 4th amendment of the us constitution ), studies the functions of different branches of the american government in establishing and implementing the rules. finally, the author analyses the connection between the rules and adversary model of criminal justice system

    首先探討了對非法證據排除規則若干概念的理解；然後考察了產生非法證據排除規則歷史的背景；再闡述了美國政府各部門在非法證據排除規則中的作用；最後分析了非法證據排除規則與對抗制的訴訟模式之關系和美國刑事司法中非法證據排除規則的局限性。
  7. The author concludes that the various sta ' tes have adopted a prudent attitude towards the operation of retrial system by restricting the causes for its initiation to a few occasions and the lodger of such appeal to the grieved party only

    這些現象的出現，與我國的歷史、政治傳統、前蘇聯訴訟法學的影響以及「有錯必糾」的再審指導思想密不可分。再審程序作為一種糾正生效裁判錯誤的救濟制度，世界各國都有相應的規定。
  8. This article expounds the specific characters of the jurisdiction of maritime action, which is greatly different to the common civil actions, from the history of the jurisdiction of maritime action

    本文從海事訴訟管轄的歷史淵源開始，對海事訴訟管轄區別于普通民事訴訟管轄的特殊性作出初步的論述。
  9. On the basis of examining the historical evolution of subrogating action, as well as subrogating rights, and standing on china ' s practices, the author forms his own viewpoints regarding to subrogating rights and subrogating action, and makes suggestions on revising respective regulation in china ' s contract code and the judiciary intepretations

    為此，筆者在考察代位權及代位訴訟歷史演進軌跡和比較分析域外學說、立法例的基礎上，立足中國實際，就代位權、代位訴訟問題提出了自己的觀點，對我國《合同法》及其司法解釋的相關規定提出了修改建議。
  10. After retrospecting the history of chinese judicial mediation system, analyzing the effect of today ' s judicial mediation, and combining the reform of judge ' s system taking professionalism and before - try preparing procedure. then drawing lessons from the relevant systems of other countries and regions, the economic reform goal according to chinese judicial tradition should be : in the frame system of the lawsuit, purifying the way of jurisdiction enforcement, giving judge and judge assistant judicial power and mediation power respectively in the mode that trying and mediation are separated, making jurisdiction and mediation properly separated in personal identity and stage. moreover, remedying the separation of jurisdiction and mediation functionally, complemented with reconciliation system in action

    對我國法院調解制度加以歷史考察，對現行法院調解制度的效果進行分析，對民事訴訟功能及調解在司法實踐中偏差產生的根源加以探究，結合正在進行的以職業化為主線的法官制度及審前準備程序改革，再借鑒其他國家和地區的相關制度，符合我國司法傳統，比較經濟，既能遏止法院調解在實踐中產生消極作用，又能充分發揮調解功能的改革目標是：在訴訟框架體制內，純化法院審判權的行使方式，以調審分離為模式，將審判權、調解權分別賦予法官和法官助理，使得審判、調解在人員身份和階段上均適當予以分離，另輔之以訴訟中和解制度，對調審分離加以功能補救，同時建立對訴訟和解協議及民間調解協議的司法審核制度，以創建新型的法院調解制度。
  11. But it has not been analysed and expounded and proved in system such as the original writer from the angle of " reasonability ", basing on the quantities of investigation in historical, logical, comparative, sociological psychological methods, the writer thinks that the being or abolishing of a law is n ' t simple, we must deal with it carefully, research it in system and investigate it widely to avoid falling into the odd circle of " making after abolishing, abolishing after making ", the writer thinks that lawsuit mediation is historically reasonable in china today

    這需要採用歷史的、邏輯的、對比的、社會學的、經濟學的、心理學的方法，在大量的法院調查的基礎上經過分析論證，一項法律制度的存廢不是一件簡單的事情，必須採取謹慎的態度，對它進行大量深入、系統的探討和廣泛的社會調研，以避免陷入「廢了立，立了廢」之怪圈。訴訟調解制度在今天的中國仍有其存在的歷史合理性。
  12. Restricted by many different factors, such as legal traditions, public order, criminal policies, purposes of criminal proceedings and criminal proceeding structures, specific countermeasures against it are quite different in different states, even if in the same state but in different periods

    由於受法律文化傳統、社會治安狀況、刑事政策、刑事訴訟目的及其決定的刑事訴訟結構等多種因素的制約，不同國家甚至同一國家在不同歷史時期對該問題的具體對策也各不相同。
  13. In part v the author analyses the development of the lawyer ' s non - lawsuit business from the angles of the historical traditions and the background of joining wto. furthermore, it discusses the importance of improving the political and professional quality of lawyers. only in this way can it be realized that lawyer ' s individual modernization turns into that of the whole industry

    本文第五部分從歷史傳統的角度和新世紀加入世界貿易組織的背景兩方面對律師非訴訟業務的開拓作了重點分析，並由此論證了提高律師自身政治素質、業務素質的重要性，進而實現律師從個體意義上的現代化最終走向實現整個行業的現代化。
  14. Making clear theoretically jurisdictional boundaries is of extreme importance in reducing power conflicts and in increasing efficiency of dispute settlement agencies. at the beginning, this essay introduces history of the line between arbitral and litigious agencies

    本文對仲裁與訴訟管轄界限作了歷史考察，勾畫了裁訟管轄界限的演變階段，闡述了劃分裁訟管轄界限的價值考量，如效率的提高、對當事人意願的尊重。
  15. Cogonition of plaintiff qualification in executive lawsuit

    論新司法解釋中行政訴訟原告資格的歷史局限性
  16. The thesis is divided into five parts to reach the problem of the trial of law. the first part of the thesis is the principle part, it expounds the trial of law ’ s definition, characteristics and history ; the second part is the study of function, and expounds the differences between law problem and fact problem in legal case, the study deepens the understanding of the trial of law

    第一部分為原理論，闡述了法律審的概念、特徵及歷史發展;第二部分的功能論則從訴訟中法律問題和事實問題的劃分上研究法律審的重要性，並從法律審在案件的不同審級中的運作樣態角度來揭示法律審的功能，從而深入了對法律審的認識。
  17. The history about the relation between the controling shareholder and the minority shareholder. this part gives a detailed investigation, then points out that let the controling shareholders owe the fiduciary duty to the minority shareholders and their corporations are the reasonable result of the company theories " development. we should introduce it into our country

    從「絕對平等」 、 「少數服從多數」到「資本多數決原則的例外」 、 「股東派生訴訟」再到「信義關系理論」的確立，本文系統研究了控制股東與弱勢股東關系的歷史變遷，指出確立控制股東對弱勢股東負有誠信義務是公司法理論發展的必然，我國理應借鑒。
  18. Arbitration as a method of disputes settlement has a long history. it arose while litigation appeared and became popular. both arbitration and litigation constitute primary means in resolving civil and commercial disputes

    仲裁製度有悠久的歷史，它是與法院訴訟機制相伴而生的社會沖突救濟系統，二者比肩而立，構成處理民商事爭議的主要手段。
  19. The first chapter discusses the position it stood and the roles it played in the social creditability. it is hold that lack of credit obstructs the sound growth of the economy. in order to maintain the fairness, justice, equality and efficiency of the market economy, notarization must be applied to reduce the trade cost, to ensure to the trade safety and to regulate the market activities

    引言部分介紹了公證制度的起源和我國公證制度的歷史發展；第一章論述了公證制度在我國社會信用體系中的地位和作用，認為誠信的缺失已成為我國社會經濟發展的瓶頸，為了維護市場經濟的公平、公正、平等、效能，降低交易成本，維護交易安全，規范市場行為，運用公證手段來預防糾紛，減少訴訟，滿足市場主體對法律服務和法律保障的需求顯得十分必要和有效。
  20. More than 1 / 20 home owners are behind ( in ) their mortgage payments and the u. s. mortgage bankers association reports that the number of full closure ( foreclosure ) proceedings has reached all time high in each of the last three quarters

    二十分之一以上的房主們無法支付房貸，同時，美國抵押貸款銀行家協會報告道，在過去3個季度里，贖訴訟案件數量達到了歷史新高。
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