訴訟要點 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [sùsòngyāodiǎn]
訴訟要點 英文
gist of action
  • 訴 : 動詞1. （說給人） tell; relate; inform 2. （傾吐） complain; accuse 3. （控告） appeal to; resort to
  • 訟 : 動詞1. （打官司） bring a case to court 2. （爭辯是非） dispute; argue
  • 要 : 要動詞1. （求） demand; ask2. （強迫; 威脅） force; coerceⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 點 : Ⅰ名詞1 （液體的小滴） drop （of liquid） 2 （細小的痕跡） spot; dot; speck 3 （漢字的筆畫「、」）...
  • 訴訟 : [法律] lawsuit; litigation; legal action; judicial action; action
  • 要點 : 1. （主要內容） main points; key point; essentials; pivot; gist 2. （重要的據點） key strongpoint
  1. On the basis of above - mentioned analysis, this article has studied the discovery system about its subject, liabilities and content in theory. meanwhile considering the actual situation of criminal litigation in our coun try, with reference to the scientific and reasonable elements of overseas adversary systems, the article has constituted and designed a complete discovery system, including the time, place, measures, methods of discovery, the limitation, exception, the examination of disputes and the legal effect of breach of discovery system

    同時，本文結合我國刑事訴訟的特點和司法現狀，在借鑒、吸收國外當事人主義證據展示制度中科學、合理的要素基礎上，對我國證據展示的程序，包括展示的時間、地點、方法、方式，限制、例外、爭議的審查及違反證據展示制度的法律後果等作了較為全面的構建和設計。
  2. In order to get a better understanding of the nature of arbitrators, this dissertation has then made a comparison in respect of the provisions on the qualification of arbitrations at home and abroad. targeting on the blind transplantation of judicial proceedings into arbitral proceedings by some arbitration institutions after the implementation of the arbitration law, this dissertation has compared and studied the difference between judges and arbitrators

    為了準確地認識仲裁員的性質，本文就中外仲裁法律中關于仲裁員資格的規定作了制度比較，並從法理上對民商事訴訟主體即法官與仲裁員的主要區別作了比較分析，從而針對仲裁員的非職業性的特點和幾年來仲裁工作的實踐，就仲裁員應當具備什麼樣的資格條件作了探討。
  3. Therefore, based on the theories of procedure law, evidence law and forensic authentication, as well as in view of problems and actualities in practice, the introduction of this thesis sets its aim of writing, i. e. first, systematically summarizing the main contents on which expertise is reviewed and evaluated ; second, putting forward a constructive system of review and evaluation of expertise, which tends to be practical in judicial practice

    本文引言在吸收訴訟法、證據法和司法鑒定相關理論的基礎上，針對現實狀況和現存問題，結合自己的理解和思考確定了文章的寫作方向，即：以解決現實問題為基本出發點，著重對鑒定結論審查評斷的主要內容和司法實踐中的操作程序進行一個較為全面的總結和系統的制度設計。
  4. It is therefore summarized as follows : ( a ) the obligation of evidence discovery of parties should be established ; ( b ) such obligation should be mutual ; ( c ) the obligation of evidence discovery of prosecutors is significant than that of counsel for the defense for the following reasons : first, prosecutors have more sources

    綜上，歸納三點： l 、確立當事人的證據展示責任； 2 、責任應當是相互性的； 3 、檢察官具有更充分的資源而且其搜集的證據往往構成案件事實的主要基礎，故其承擔責任的訴訟意義大於辯護方。
  5. Considering that the chinese government has signed the un iccpr in 1998, the questions such as, how to understand the double jeopardy rule, and whether or how to correspondingly carry out a reform of our country ' s criminal procedure law, etc., have already become part of the key questions that require instant study and answers

    鑒於1998年我國政府簽署了聯合國《公民權利和政治權利國際公約》 ，如何看待禁止雙重危險規則，是否以及如何按照該規則的要求，改革我國的相關刑事訴訟制度，已成為我國法學界急需研究和回答的焦點問題之一。但我國法學界對于這一問題迄未展開全面、系統的研究。
  6. Criminal procedure. exclusionary rule. a defendant ' s key rights with a criminal case. the miranda rule range

    知識點:非法證據排除規則.刑事訴訟中被告的幾項主要權力.米蘭達原則的適用范圍
  7. About two centuries ago, jeremy bentham, the british utilitarianistic philosopher said that the art of justice actually is the art of using the testimony. although this viewpoint is extreme, it explicitly points out the importance of testimony usage in the criminal lawsuit

    約在兩個世紀以前，英國功利主義哲學家邊沁就指出「審判的藝術實際上只不過是利用證據的藝術罷了」 ，這種觀點雖然不無偏頗，但卻一針見血地指出了證據運用在刑事訴訟中的重要地位。
  8. Evidence system is one of the most important questions in the civil proceedings and standard of proof is an important question in the evidence system. the civil procedure law applies the standard of " highly probable " in civil litigations. this article points out that it is not reasonable to adopt the " highly probable " standard in all civil litigations. firstly, this article mentions the important meaning of standard of proof in judicial proof. secondly, it pionts out the flaws in the standard of proof in civil litigation in our country. thirdly, it introduces the standard of proof in civil litigation in common law and civil law countries and analyzes the similar and different points in the standard of proof. finally this article points out several suggestions to rebuild the system of standard of proof. lt suggests we should construct a system which considers the " highly probable " standard as a principle and adopts other forms of standard of proof in sepcial civil cases. and we can build this reasonable system by means of legislation and case law

    但在所有民事案件中均劃一適用較高程度的蓋然性作為證明標準是不合理的。文章首先闡明了民事訴訟證明標準在訴訟證明中的重要意義，然後對於我國有關民事訴訟證明標準的現狀及其缺陷作了一個概括，接著文章對于兩大法系民事訴訟證明標準的異同進行了介紹以及比較分析，最後提出了對于構建一個科學的民事訴訟證明標準體系的幾點建議。文章建議應當通過立法以及判例制度來建立一個以較高程度的蓋然性為原則的多元的證明標準體系。
  9. Secondly, the author elaborates that chinese administrative litigation of education can not copy the anglo - american low system, nor the continental lao system, but may absorb their essence, while according to chinese legal conditions putting forward two opinions : one is that to replace administering educational institutions by laws and rules with non - governmental public organizations in order to avoid the theory of public service corporation only existing in public educational institutions ; the other is to use special relation of administrative law to define the relation between educational institutions and its counterparts

    學校能否成為行政訴訟的被告，是理論研究必須解決的另一憫點。因此，作者在此部贈重蛐了學校及其它教育機構因為符合行毗懶告的三個必要條件而能夠成為教育行政訴訟的被告的原因；同時，也對于國家教育行艄飄關的被告身份，學校、教育者和受教育者的原告身份進行了分析和闡述。五、有關橢行洲訟中能否朋行政法一硼則作為依據的探討
  10. After we have a superficial realization through comparatively studying legislation example of different countries and zones, this thesis begin to probe into me rule ' s principal and theory basis. stability of the decisions and respect the procedure are two principals that must be followed defending stability of the decisions is beneficial to defend stability of law relations that are caused by decision of shareholders, defend the deal safe, promote the efficiency of the companies. respecting the procedure is beneficial to present the value of the procedure, guarantee the rights and interests of shareholders from the procedure. theory basis of deciding grounds of action and dividing the kinds of action make up theory basis of the rule of rescuing laws on decision of shareholders. the final define of grounds of action that breaking the law and the constitution of company is decided by the nature of company law and the nature of constitution of company. on the nature of company law, there are some disputes, include forced law opinion, willfully law opinion and synthetic opinion considering present company law, i think the synthetic opinion is right the nature of constitution of company has two features : self - rule and ruled by law. in general, constitution of company is a kind of self - rule law that partly ruled by law

    此外，本文還討論了確認決議不存在之訴與不當決議取消、變更之訴的存在價值，綜合考慮后，決定保留確認決議不存在之訴，廢除不當決議取消、變更之訴這一弊大於利的訴訟類別。除了總體探尋股東會決議瑕疵救濟制度的理論依據外，考慮到召集制度和決議方法在股東會決議制度上的重要性和二者具體內容的繁雜，本文還重點分析了召集制度上的瑕疵和決議方法上的瑕疵兩大訴由。另外，本文創設了「決議顯著不公正」這一新訴由以防止多數決的濫用，多數決的濫用多年來一直是股東會決議中的一大頑癥，但各國公司法卻一直對其缺乏明確的規制，筆者希冀以多數決的濫用造成決議顯著不公正這一現象作為訴由，並提出具有可操作性的標準，由法官裁量判斷是否構成多數決的濫用，以期彌補股東會表決制度上資本多數決原則的不足。
  11. Defence of carrier or agent may be accept by the courts are following : the holder of bills of lading waive the right of demanding the carrier to release cargo against original bills of lading, or the holder recognize carrier ' s such delivery ; the carrier may use to site the clauses in charter party or in bills of ladings for denfence ; the carrier may use time limitation for defence

    承運人或其代理人在無單放貨訴訟中提出的抗辯可能被法院所接受的理山主要有以下幾點：提單持有人的行為構成了對無單放貨的認可或對要求承運人憑正本提單交貨權利的放棄；承運人可以援引租約或提單的規定提出免責；承運人運用時效進行抗辯。
  12. This article is mainly a discussion on the spiritual damage compensation for close relatives of victim under the situations of damage to right of life, damage to the right of health and damage to the right of personality of the dead, which is based on an introduction and comparison of the concerned foreign legal regulations and academic theories and in combination with the legal practice in china wherefore the author put forwards his own ideas as following : first, under the condition that there is a distance of time between inj ury and death, the close relatives of the dead shall inherit the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation of the dead for the suffering before his death, in addition to their own intrinsic right of claim for spiritual damage compensation ; the second, under the condition that the inflictor has caused the disablement of the sufferer or serious damage to his health, the close relative in a limited cycle of the sufferer should be granted with the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation, which is confirmed in law and becomes a practice in foreign countries ; the third, since the aim of the law to protect the personality of the dead from infringement is to protect the benefits of the close relatives of the dead and to maintain public benefits, is constituted on the personality of the dead the close relative of the dead may initial legal proceeding for spiritual damage compensation

    本文重點探討的就是公民生命權受到侵害、健康權受到侵害、 「死者人格」受到侵害這三種情形下的受害人近親屬的精神損害賠償請求權問題。探討以介紹和比較國外相關法律規定和學術理論為前提，結合我國的實際情況，從理論與實踐相結合的角度對以上各問題分別進行了分析，並提出了作者自己的一些見解：第一、在公民從受傷害到死亡有一段時間距離的情形下，死者的近親屬除依法享有其固有的精神損害賠償請求權以外，還可以繼承死者生前就其所受之精神損害而享有的精神損害賠償請求權；第二、在加害人的行為已造成直接受害人殘疾，或者是造成其健康嚴重受損的其他後果的情形下，我國應在借鑒國外已有立法和判例的基礎上，賦予一定范圍內的受害人近親屬以精神損害賠償請求權；第三、法律保護死者人格不受侵害的目的是為了保護死者近親屬的利益和維護公共利益，一般情形下，只要死者近親屬能證明其訴訟主體的合法性，能夠證實侵害「死者人格」的行為已構成侵權，即可推定死者近親屬因此而遭受了精神痛苦? ?無須舉證的「名義上的精神損害」 ，死者近親屬即可提起精神損害賠償之訴。最後，本文認為，加強對受害人近親屬的權利和利益保護問題的研究，既有一定的必要性，同時又具有十分重要的現實意義。
  13. The consultation paper states that the increase in unrepresented litigants is one of the major problems confronting the civil justice system in hong kong and produces some percentages to illustrate the point

    諮詢文件說明無法律代表的訴訟人的個案上升，是香港民事司法制度面對的主要問題之一，並提出一些百分率數字，藉以證明該項論點。
  14. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  15. Though criminal standard of proof is hotly debated in the law of evidence, its viewpoint is diversified, especially in the standard of proof of present public prosecution and guilt decision

    雖然，刑事證明標準在當前證據法學研究中較為熱烈，但是，觀點紛紜，分歧明顯，尤其是在刑事訴訟過程中對提起公訴的證明標準應否與有罪判決的證明標準要求一致方面討論得尤為激烈。
  16. From a microcosmic view, the article adopts analyzing methods of illustration, induction and comparison. at the same time, it exerts the logic reasoning rules, from small issues to large ones, from phenomena of a problem to its essences, as well as from construction of a specific patent claims to deduction of different systems for defending patent infringement claims. in addition, in consideration of the complexity and diversity of patent infringement defense systems, the article classifies and specifies them from different angles, and at the end of the article, conceives the future legislation pattern of china regarding patent infringement defense

    第三章如何構建專利侵權抗辯制度體系著眼于權利要求解析，借鑒外國的先進立法和實務經驗，結合中國實際，將專利侵權抗辯制度系分為合同抗辯、訴訟時效抗辯、證據抗辯、訴訟主體資格抗辯、禁止反悔抗辯、濫用專利權抗辯、不侵權抗辯、不視為侵權抗辯、已有技術抗辯以及專利無效抗辯等十個具體制度，並側重於中國特色和專利特點兩個層面，對它們進行了深入探討和分析。
  17. In part v the author analyses the development of the lawyer ' s non - lawsuit business from the angles of the historical traditions and the background of joining wto. furthermore, it discusses the importance of improving the political and professional quality of lawyers. only in this way can it be realized that lawyer ' s individual modernization turns into that of the whole industry

    本文第五部分從歷史傳統的角度和新世紀加入世界貿易組織的背景兩方面對律師非訴訟業務的開拓作了重點分析，並由此論證了提高律師自身政治素質、業務素質的重要性，進而實現律師從個體意義上的現代化最終走向實現整個行業的現代化。
  18. The characteristics of tax authority ' s executive evidence and procedural evidence and relative requirements

    稅務執法證據和訴訟證據的特點及相關要求分析
  19. A document containing all the facts and points of law pertinent to a specific case, filed by an attorney before arguing the case in court

    訴訟要點，案情摘要包含與案件有關的所有證據、論點的文件，由律師出庭辯論時提出
  20. In connection with this, it is relevant to note that in commenting on sph s allegation that the government has " rushed " into awarding the criii in february 2003, mr justice hartmann remarked that " the executive cannot always bow to the pressure of threatened litigation and it is always a question of policy whether an approved plan should be fulfilled without delay or whether delay is prudent " para. 91 of the judgment

    在這方面，應注意的一點是，夏正民法官在評論保護海港協會指政府在2003年2月"倉猝"批出中區填海第三期工程合約時指出， "行政機關不能在每當有人以訴訟要脅時便作出讓步，至於應否如期按照核準圖落實工程計劃，還是暫緩施工較為謹慎，則始終屬于政策方面的考慮"判詞第91段。
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