費率不存在 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bìlǜbùcúnzài]
費率不存在
英文
no ipprice ipp-
Using the net assets per capital, the investment return rate, the t - m model, the h - m model, the single factor evaluating model which consists of the treynor index, the jensen index, the sharpe index and the square m index, we evaluate the performance of the twelve mutual funds. and we come to the following conclusions : ( 1 ) after the modification of the risk factor, our mutual funds in the recent one year outguess the market ; ( 2 ) better performance comes from the aid of the government, the improvement of the investment environment and the hard, smart work of the managers especially in the way of selecting some securities in the capital market. ( 3 ) though we make progress, there are still many problems which prevent the further development of our mutual funds such as the devise of the management fee and the characteristics of different funds, all of them divided into the subjective ones and the objective ones
通過使用投資基金單位凈資產和投資收益率指標、單因素整體績效評估模型，包括treynor指數、 jensen指數、 sharpe指數和業績的m ~ 2測度以及t - m 、 h - m模型對12隻樣本基金進行實證研究，實證研究表明： （ 1 ）經過風險調整后，在最近的一年中，我國證券投資基金的業績總體上優於市場基準組合； （ 2 ）基金業績的提高得益於管理層的重視、投資環境的改善和基金經理的經營，而基金經理的良好業績是通過一定的證券選擇來獲得的； （ 3 ）已成為證券市場上舉足輕重力量的基金在發展過程中雖然取得了一定的成績但其進一步發展還面臨著許多問題，有主觀存在的諸如管理費率的設定、基金風格方面的問題等等，也有客觀存在的諸如證券市場現階段的不完善等等，所以，我們應該抓住《證券投資基金法》問世帶給基金業發展的契機，大力促進證券投資基金規范發展，採取各種措施做大、做優和做強基金業。The efficiency of making use of economic resources in china is low, and one of the most important reasons about economic performance is that the national industry exists many defects, such as the low economic level of scale, the whole character of business enterprise not getting to increase with product construction over a long period of time, the small business enterprise increasing blindly, which causes the bargain of times increase and the trade expenses rise unduly, the lower degree of profession and cooperation, many more types of business enterprises, but lack of cooperation with the related and large business enterprises in the production, operation etc, so being difficult to take advantage of and share economy scale with big business enterprise ; the bad market performance and so on
中國經濟發展中資源利用效率低，而經濟效益低下的一個重要原因是國有工業發展中存在許多缺陷:規模經濟水平不高，企業整體素質和產品結構長期得不到提高，小企業盲目增加，導致交易次數不適當地增多，交易費用上升;生產專業化協作程度較低， 「大而全」 、 「小而全」的全能型企業大量存在，但缺乏與相關大型骨幹企業在生產、經營等方面的協作，難以分享大企業規模經濟的好處;市場運作績效差等。In this model, we discuss the effect of tax policy on economic growth on the condition of market competitive equilibrium. two chief conclusions are drawn : firstly, when the government has carried out steady tax policies, for consumers there exists unique optimal capital stock path along which economy can grow sostenuto and steadily ; when the tax path given by the government converge to some constant tax rate, there still exists one capital stock path which can make the whole economy grow gradually and converge evenly to the optimal state. secondly, the optimal tax path has turnpike property
在該模型中，我們討論了在市場均衡條件下，稅收政策對經濟增長的影響，得到兩個主要結論：一、當政府實行穩定的稅收政策時，消費者存在著唯一的最優資本存量路徑，沿著此路徑經濟能夠持續平穩並且最優地增長；當政府給定的稅收路徑不穩定但能收斂到某個常值稅收率時，此時也存在一條資本存量路徑，它能使整個經濟漸近平穩地增長，並且最終收斂到最優狀態。On the other hand, there exists two types of private colleges, ie. diploma certificate qualification and non - diploma certificate qualification ( this theme selects beijing city university and beijing business administration college as the case study ). there are a lot differences between the two colleges in the field of recruitment and charges
而北京市的民辦高等教育又存在著學歷文憑資格和非學歷文憑資格兩種不同的類別（本文分別以北京城市學院和北京工商學院為個案） ，這就使得兩類高校在招生、經費來源等方面存在著重大差別，從而導致了北京城市學院和北京工商學院有著不同的投資回報率。A dynamic input - output model with random consumption vector s ( t, ), random consumption coefficient matrix and random investment coefficient matrix which the time lag is one has been discussed. by means of modern stochastic analysis and markov process, it has been proved that the random dynamic input - output model does not have a balanced growth solution
對具有隨機消費向量s （ t ， ） ，隨機投入產出消耗系數矩陣、隨機投資系數矩陣的動態模型，利用現代概率分析、馬氏過程等工具，證明了其經濟穩定增長解不存在的結論On the one hand, comparing with the limited supply capacity of higher education, people ' s demand for higher education is excessive, so the total demand for higher education must be cut down by a regulation on construction ; on the other hand, the education fund is short, but there is simultaneously inefficient, so we have to advance hardly the efficiency of using fund, to increase educational supply as possible
一方面，相對于有『限的高等教育供給能力，我國老百姓對較高層次教育的需求過高，因此必須以結構性調整為手段壓縮教育總需求;另一方面，在教一育經費不足的情況下，存在經費使用效率不高甚至明顯的浪費現象，因此必須努力提高資金使用效率， ，挖掘潛力，盡可能增加教育供給。However, once we take all - sided and impersonal view over the housing finance, we will definitely realize the conflict between the high speed and the low efficiency of it. in this paper, it ' s analyzed that there ' re five factors affecting the efficiency of housing finance, based on the basic situation of china as a developing country and according to some related theories of the western economics. the first one is the dual - track interest rate which presumes that price of housing credit financing is under the control of government to a certain extent, and the rest is open
因此，本文從我國作為一個發展中國家? ?這一基本國情出發，以西方經濟學中有關理論為依據，分析影響我國住房金融效率的因素主要包括：利率雙軌，即一部分住房信貸資金價格受到政府的管制，而另一部分住房信貸資金價格則是開放的；住房金融機構產權不清，特別是政策性住房金融機構產權不清而導致金融創新動力不足，金融工具品種單一，不能滿足居民需求多樣化的要求；住房信貸中由於較高的交易費用，而使內耗偏高、效率降低；住房金融機構不健全，既不存在真正的住房金融機構又缺乏相應的擔保機構；此外，住房金融中融資機制不完備，長期信貸資金來源不足與資產負債的期限結構不匹配也是影響住房金融效率的一個主要因素。The dialing is slow and the system ca n ' t ensure the calling party fast and accurately put through the called one who is asked for receiving. 5. the bell ring is so low that the workers ca n ' t hear in the large - scaled working space with strong noise
它存在的缺點有：工程布線麻煩、費用高；電話線路成本高且利用率低；系統可靠性差；呼叫速度慢，並且不能保證主叫用戶快速、準確地找到需要接聽的被叫用戶；振鈴聲難以保證在大范圍、強噪聲的生產場所下的工作人員接聽到。Aim to analyze the problems in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources and offer some references to the sustainable utilization of water resources in baoji city, shaanxi, china in the future. methods beginning with the restrained factors that affects the sustainable exploitation of water resources, the main problems is systematically analyzed that exposed in the course of the exploitation and utilization of water resources : utilization ratio of water resources is low, water waste is serious ; groundwater is exploited excessively, water level drops continuously ; water pollution is serious, water quality worsens obviously ; management system of water resources is imperfect, the facilities of irrigation works wear out seriously. results it is suggested that pursue saving water all - round to build a water - saving society, and perfect the paid - use system of water resources to implement the industrial management of water resources, and strengthen the protecting consciousness of water resources together with controlling groundwater exploitation strictly, and increase the fund investments to enhance the irrigation works abilities of adjusting, holding and preventing the flood, and strengthen the network management of water resources besides improving the official specialized quality. conclusion the reasonable exploitation and utilization of water resources plays a key role in the sustainable development of economy and society in baoji city, shaanxi, china
目的分析寶雞市水資源開發利用中存在的問題，為今後水資源的可持續利用提供參考依據.方法從影響寶雞市水資源可持續利用的制約性因素入手，系統分析了在水資源開發利用中存在的主要問題:水資源利用率低，浪費嚴重;地下水開采過度，水位持續下降;水污染嚴重，水質明顯惡化;水資源管理體制不健全，水利工程設施老化嚴重.結果提出了相關的解決對策:全面推行節約用水，建立節水型的社會;完善水資源有償使用制度，實現水資源的產業化管理;強化水資源保護意識，嚴格控制地下水開采;加大資金投入力度，提高水利工程的調蓄防洪能力;加強水資源網路化管理，提高管理人員的專業素養.結論水資源的合理開發和利用是實現寶雞市經濟社會可持續發展的關鍵This paper analyzes major problems in the practice of real estate appraisal from the perspective of theory and practice, explains the treatment of various property, including returns from intangible property, from capital and from chattel, discusses the problem of matching between the capitalization rate and net income. this paper also uses examples to define the content of various income from real estate and expenses to be deducted so that the outcome of the appraisal will be as veracious as possible. this paper provides its own view on the definition and treatment of various property such as intangible property and chattel property, concludes the contents of income from various real estates and expenses to be deducted, and applies and explains in real cases
在這種形勢下，本文針對目前在房地產估價實務中存在的主要問題，在兼顧方法的理論可行性和實際可操作性的前提下，總結、分析說明了對各類收益性房地產非不動產收益，包括無形資產（無形因素或無形影響力）形成的收益、資本帶來的收益、動產帶來的收益等項收益的認定和處理方法，對資本化率與凈收益內容相匹配的問題進行了一定的探討，並通過實例明確了各類房地產收益和應扣減的費用的具體內容，使得估價的結果盡量地做到準確並且符合實際。Government and economists have come to an agreement on expanding native demand. we should say that the result of these positive monetary and fiscal policy which has been adopted by our country government since 1998 is effective, and the market has recovered a little, but this does not mean the market is completely recovered from deflation, in fact, the overcast condition in market is not basically turn round and deflation still exists
誠然，自1998年以來我國政府為擴大內需、啟動消費採取了一系列積極的貨幣政策和財政政策（三年期間七次下調銀行利率，發行3600億元國債等） ，應該說效果是明顯的，市場有所復甦，但這並不意味著市場被完全激活，事實上，市場低迷的狀況並未根本扭轉，通貨緊縮的趨勢仍然存在。Abstract : in this paper, the major problems in water resources, flood and drought, and water environment in china are analysed, and new subjects of study on hydrology are pointed out, including the uncertainty of hydrological phenomena, the effect of human activities on hydrology, the calculation of water level frequency, the optimum effcet of water resource development and utilization, the analysis of water supply and demand, the mechanism of water - saving agricultural irrigation, flood and drought prevention, etc
文摘:從水資源開發利用與保護、水旱災害防治等方面論述中國當前存在的主要水問題：水危機和水浪費同時存在、水污染日趨嚴重、防洪減災任重道遠、生態環境破壞嚴重、全球氣候變暖產生不利影響；進而論述水文學研究面臨的新課題：水文現象的不確定性、人類活動對水文的影響、水位頻率計算、水資源開發利用的最佳效應、水資源供需分析、農業節水灌溉機理及水旱災害的防治，並指出必須加強對這些新課題的研究Sparedescription : in this paper, the major problems in water resources, flood and drought, and water environment in china are analysed, and new subjects of study on hydrology are pointed out, including the uncertainty of hydrological phenomena, the effect of human activities on hydrology, the calculation of water level frequency, the optimum effcet of water resource development and utilization, the analysis of water supply and demand, the mechanism of water - saving agricultural irrigation, flood and drought prevention, etc
描述:從水資源開發利用與保護、水旱災害防治等方面論述中國當前存在的主要水問題：水危機和水浪費同時存在、水污染日趨嚴重、防洪減災任重道遠、生態環境破壞嚴重、全球氣候變暖產生不利影響；進而論述水文學研究面臨的新課題：水文現象的不確定性、人類活動對水文的影響、水位頻率計算、水資源開發利用的最佳效應、水資源供需分析、農業節水灌溉機理及水旱災害的防治，並指出必須加強對這些新課題的研究The main reasons of china ' s low household consumption rate for a long time are that : the too - high rate of investment directly leads to the low final consumption rate and extends to the low household consumption rate ; the overall low level of residents " income obstacles the final consumption expenditure and income - gap influence the consumption ratio ; the instabilities of the income anticipation is becoming stronger and the expenditure anticipation is increasing
我國居民消費率長期偏低的主要原因有：投資率過高直接導致最終消費率偏低，從而使居民消費率偏低；居民整體收入水平不高，收入差距過大影響居民消費傾向；收入預期的不確定性增強，支出預期的增加，商品的供給結構不合理，消費環境中還存在諸多問題等。In this paper, consumption construction is explained by consuming features and constructional change inclination. in the last, the paper analyzes the common character of urban - rural residents " through spss software. all of the above result in the last part of the paper : occurred problem and solving ways
居民消費增長率的變化與收入增長率的變化存在一定的相關關系，並在變動方向上呈現出比較一致的趨勢；消費增長率隨收入增長率的波動而波動，並在1993年至1997年波動很大， 94年最大，達到26 . 59 ，這種波動說明了消費增長的不穩定性。Different countries vary in fundamental realities of the country, government operation, rating standard and compensating method. in allusion to the deficiency in legislation and practice in china, it is necessary to establish and
但各國的基本國情、政府作用、費率標準、賠償方式都存在一定差異;鑒於我國立法與實踐的不足，應當建立和完善我國存款保險法律制度，規范競爭主體、政府行為和完善配套措施。The engendering source of traffic volumes and their general influential factors have been presented, and the situation of nowadays highway transportation has been discussed. according to the introduction of traffic distribution theory and classical assignment method, analysis of traffic flow path selection among cities and that of special influential factors for traffic flow on toll highways, initial analysis to the forming mechanism of traffic volume on road sections has been made, and a probability model for path selection has been set up with the maximum - utility theory and disaggregating model. detailed analysis to impedances on road sections and their functions ( especially to three main composing factors of the impedances as cost of time, transport and toll and to the functional relations with traffic loads ) was made, at the same time, the relative cost calculating model was set up on the basis of the state - of - art achievements in both international and national researches
主要研究內容包括：交通量的產生根源及一般影響因素分析和當前公路運輸地位討論；從交通分配理論及經典配流方法著手，通過分析城市間交通流路徑選擇行為和收費公路路段交通量特殊影響因素，初步提出路段交通量的形成機理，並採用效用極大原理和非集結模型理論（ disaggregationmodel ） ，建立用戶出行路徑選擇概率模型；對路段阻抗及路阻函數（尤其對行程時間費用、車輛營運費用和道路收費這三個構成路段阻抗的主要因素及其與交通負荷間的函數關系）進行較為詳盡的分析，並以現階段國內外較為先進的研究成果為依據建立相應的成本測算模型，其中，特別提出了兩種確定客貨車輛時間價值的分析方法；離散分析法和時間-費率轉換法，後者是在目前基礎調查、統計數據資料不夠齊全的現實下提出的一種確定道路系統內務車型時間價值的較為實用的新方法；對我國公路收費政策的背景和理論、實踐依據及費率的各種影響因素進行重點分析；從數學的角度證明合理費率的存在性，並以最優化理論為基礎，建立在普通收費公路和擁擠路段交通調控型收費公路兩種模式下合理費率的計算模型等。For example, much work, difficult charge, lower efficiency and mistake often arise. in order to reduce the waste of manpower and material resource in gas management and to reduce unsafe factors, this project does research on intelligent card and gas meter control device which is the further explored to the practical application of ic technology and is also a reform in management system of gas charge
與此同時，我國燃氣收費管理長期以來都是以人工抄表為主，存在著工作量大、收費時間長、收費困難、效率低、易出錯的問題，為了減少燃氣收費管理中人力、物力的浪費，減少不安全因素，進行了「智能ic卡燃氣表控制裝置」的研究。The conclusions are identical : fisher effect does not hold in stock market, and there is negative correlation between stock return and inflation rate
研究結果基本是一致的:股票市場費雪效應不存在，股票收益與通貨膨脹率之間存在負的相關關系。Nor would a change make sense without a significant shift in the region ' s macroeconomic policies, as well, towards lower savings rates and higher consumption
同時，在該地區宏觀經濟政策未進行重大調整，以鼓勵低儲蓄率和高消費的情況下，也不存在改變的合理性。分享友人