質體突變 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhítǐtūbiàn]
質體突變
英文
plastid mutation-
This paper introduced the application of biotechnology in rice genetics and breeding, including tissue culture, cell mutants selection, protoplast fusion, apomixis, molecular mark assisted breeding and genic transformation
簡要綜述了生物技術在水稻遺傳育種中的應用，主要包括組織培養、細胞突變體的篩選、原生質體融合、無融合生殖以及分子標記輔助育種和轉基因技術等方面。Using the young seedlings of wild type ( wt ) and four mutants ( phya, phyb, phyaphyb and hy4 ) of arabidopsis thaliana as plant materials, the effects of light quality and kinetin ( kt ) on some photomorphogenesis responses such as cotyledon enlargement, hypocotyl growth inhibition, accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin were investigated in the present study. photoreceptor functions and interaction of light and kt in the responses was examined and discussed
本文以擬南芥（ arabidopsisthaliana ）野生型（ wt ）和四種光突變體phya 、 phyb 、 phyaphyb和砂hy4為材料研究不同光質與細胞分裂素（ kt ）對幼苗子葉擴大、下胚軸伸長、葉綠素和花色素苷積累的影響，分析光受體參與的反應以及探討光與kt在調節各種反應中的相互關系。Fast algorithms of both discrete and orthonormal wavelet and wavelet packet coefficient are diagrammatized to be introduced. daubechies wavelet is applied to help to discuss the application and test on signal filtering and noise reduction with the principle and threshold implementation ; the basic principle to pickup the fault characteristics is introduced mainly about the relations between the maximum module and signal saltation point and how to characterize the saltation point with lipschitz exponent
展示了離散正交小波變換的mallat快速演算法和小波包系數分解的快速演算法；重點應用daubeches小波探討了小波變換在信號濾波去噪中的應用和實驗，闡述了其基本原理和通過閾值化處理實現濾波的具體方法；探討了用小波變換進行故障特徵提取的原理，說明了小波變換模極大值和信號突變點之間的關系以及怎樣用李氏指數來表徵突變點的性質。The seven sisters that dr de grey wishes to slaughter with sens are cell loss, apoptosis - resistance ( the tendency of cells to refuse to die when they are supposed to ), gene mutations in the cell nucleus, gene mutations in the mitochondria ( the cell ' s power - packs ), the accumulation of junk inside cells, the accumulation of junk outside cells and the accumulation of inappropriate chemical links in the material that supports cells
德?戈瑞博士想用這一策略對付的七個因素是：細胞丟失，細胞凋亡阻抑（細胞拒絕程序死亡的傾向） ，細胞核內的基因突變，線粒體（細胞的「動力倉」 ）中的基因突變，細胞內的垃圾堆積，細胞外的垃圾堆積和細胞支持性物質中不當化學鍵堆積。The topics include : structure and function of genes, chromosomes and genomes, biological variation resulting from recombination, mutation, and selection, population genetics, use of genetic methods to analyze protein function, gene regulation and inherited disease
主題包括：基因、染色體與基因組的結構和功能；來自於基因重組、突變和篩選的生物變異；族群遺傳學；運用遺傳學的方法分析蛋白質的功能，基因的調控和遺傳性疾病。In escherichia coli, arog gene encodes phenylalanine - sensitive 3 - deoxy - d - arabino - heptulosonate - 7 - phosphate synthase isoenzyme arog that catalyzes the first committed step of shikimate pathway. here we study the essential amino acid residues involved in the formation of feedback inhibition site of arog, and the effects of n - terminus on feedback inhibition and its quaternary structure, and the importance of the structural " d2 " symmetry to allosteric inhibition
本博士論文工作以大腸桿菌k - 12來源的arog為研究對象，通過定點突變、反饋抑制實驗和酶學動力學參數的測定，深入地研究了arog的反饋抑制位點的特性，並對arog的n -末端在反饋抑制機理和維持穩定四級結構中的作用，以及蛋白質結構的「 d2 」對稱性對酶功能的重要性等進行了具體的研究。Dominant negative alleles of gpil7p were produced by random pcr mutagenesis of three conserved fragments of gpi17p : 1 ) having generated the plasmid library which contains 100000 plasmids harboring gpi17 mutants then screened from 8000 clones, we got 25 strong and 3 very strong dominant negative alleles
對gpi17p可能的三個保守區進行了pcr隨機誘變，並最終獲得顯性負性等位基因： 1 ）組建了gpi17p突變體質粒庫，其所含質粒數約為100000 。The morphological, physiological, biochemical and genetic diversities between bacillus thuringiensis wild - type strain ybt - 1463 and its plasmid - free mutant bmb171 was comparatively studied. it showed that the plasmid - free mutant strain bmb171 lost the ability to form the parasporal crystal, but there was on obvious diversities were observed on the sensitivity to 10 antibiotics, the utilization of 19 carbon sources and 12 nitrogen sources, as well as the growth properties between ybt - 1463 and bmb171, whereas the electro - transformation frequencies of bmb171 were much higher than those of ybt - 1463, respectively with 5 exogenous plasmids as the donor dnas
對出發菌株ybt - 1463和其無質粒突變株bmb171的部分形態、生理生化和遺傳學特性進行的比較研究的結果表明，突變株bmb171不形成伴胞晶體，但在個體形態與菌落特徵、對紅黴素等10種抗生素的敏感性、對葡萄糖等19種碳源和谷氨酸等12種氮源的利用能力及生長性能與出發菌株ybt - 1463無明顯差異。The main results are as follows : 1 effects of light quality and kt on cotyledon enlargement 5 - d - old seedlings of arabidopsis wild type and mutants were harvested and the cotyledons were cut to use as excised cotyledon or the whole seedlings were used as intact cotyledon. excised and intact cotyledons were incubated in the medium ( ph 6. 0 ) with or without kt under white light ( wl ), red light ( rl ), far - red light ( fr ) and uv - b at 21 ? ? for some periods of time before cotyledon area were determined by a delta - t area measurement system
主要結果如下：一、光質和ky對于葉擴大的影響白光、紅光、藍光明顯促進5天齡幼苗離體和連體子葉擴大，遠紅光對子葉的擴大效應較弱， uv - b對子葉的擴大有抑制；對突變體的研究表明，紅光下光敏色素b 、遠紅光下光敏色素a 、藍光下隱花色素1對子葉的擴大起主要調節作用。But to take advantage of these mutations, our ancestors needed a high - quality diet and a lifestyle sufficiently sedentary to permit fat deposition, he asserted
他斷言，我們的祖先為了利用這些突變，需要高品質的食物，也必須採取比較靜態的生活形態，使脂肪能夠在體內堆積。The nucleotide ( nt ) sequence of the insert in phz1754 is 2299bps in size. computer assisted analysis of the sequence revealed an open reading frame ( orf ) with a g + c content of 70. 3 % that would encode a protein of 552 amino acids ( aa ). the nt seque nce comparision revealed that the orf in the sequenced region exhibits 85 % dna sequence homology with the cholesterol oxidase gene choa of streptomyces sp
對phz1754進行外切核酸酶（ exonuclease ， exo ）順序缺失，獲得單向長度漸減重疊的系列突變體，核苷酸序列測定顯示出該ecor - sal片段的精確大小為2299bps ， frameplot程序分析揭示出該區域一個完整的開放閱讀框（ orf ）的存在，其大小為1656bps ， g + c含量為70 . 3 ，編碼552個氨基酸，利用blastsearch程序將orf的核苷酸序列及推導的氨基酸序列與因特網上基因及蛋白質數據庫進行綜合比較，發現無論在核苷酸水平還是在蛋白水平上，該orf均與膽固醇氧化酶表現出同源性，而且與鏈黴菌膽固醇氧化酶同源性最高，說明該orf編碼膽固醇氧化酶基因。Mass spectrometry of synthetic hw - ma and rgd - hw are in full agreement with those speculated theoretically, which proves the success of peptide synthesis and refold. on isolated mouse phrenic nerve - diaphragm preparations, hw - ma can block the neuromuscular transmission in 35 minutes or so ( l 10 - 5 g / ml ), its biological activity shows 73 % decrease comparing with biological activity of native hwtx - i. it proves t hat the protein engineering of synthetic chimera hwtx - i has gained success to some extent, although it did not achieve our expectations. thus it proved that hwtx - i can be using as natural scaffold for protein engineering. and also emphasized the importance of " local stereo circumstances " of activity site when the foreign activity site was transferred into a natural scaffold
濃度為1 / 1059 / ml的hw一ma突變體能可逆阻斷小白鼠隔神經書高肌的接頭傳遞，阻斷時一間為35min左右，與天然hwtx一i比較，生物學活性下降3一4倍，說明合成的突變體改造獲得了一定的成功，盡管與我們預期的目標有一定的差距，從而證明hwtx一i可以作為蛋白質工程研究的天然分子骨架，同時也強調了往天然分子骨架中轉移外源活性位點時維持活性位點「局部立體環境」的重要性。The structure system of this paper is : first to introduce the historical background and relevant definition of decision - making ; then to present the theory frame of error - eliminating and pave the way to follow - up chapters ; the following chapter is core content of this paper : first of all, the relevant definition and characteristics of change of time and space based fuzzy error system are put forward, and then detailed discussions on time delay, mutation, interaction, error category, extreme value of error system and transformation words of error system are conducted
本論文結構體系為：首先系統介紹了決策相關的歷史沿革以及相關的定義和理論；其次介紹了消錯學的理論框架，為后續章節的論述作好鋪墊；再者是本文的的核心部分：首先引入基於時空變化的模糊錯誤系統的定義及相關的性質，而後在各節中分別探討了模糊錯誤系統的時滯，熵變，突變；以及決策錯誤種類分析，錯誤的相互作用，模糊錯誤系統的極值和模糊錯誤轉化詞的應用。Abstract : plant responses to salt stress via a complex mechanism, including sensing and transducing the stress signal, activating the transcription factors and the corresponding metabolizing genes. since the whole mechanism is still unclear, this review emphasize the biochemical events during the plant adaptation to salt stress referring to an index of importance : the homeostasis in cytoplasm, the biosynthesis of osmolytes and the transport of water. most of these biochemical events were elucidated by study of halophyte and salt - sensitive mutations, also many important genes involved were cloned and used to generate stress - tolerance phenotypes in transgenic plants. on the other hand, about the molecular mechanism in signal transduction, the research of arabidopsis mutations and yeast functional complementation provided helpful traces but not full pathway
摘要植物對鹽脅迫的耐受反應是個復雜的過程，在分子水平上它包括對外界鹽信號的感應和傳遞，特異轉錄因子的激活和下游控制生理生化應答的效應基因的表達.在生化應答中，本文著重討論負責維持和重建離子平衡的膜轉運蛋白、滲調劑的生物合成和功能及水分控制.這些生理生化應答最終使得液泡中離子濃度升高和滲調劑在胞質中積累.近年來，通過對各種鹽生植物或鹽敏感突變株的研究，闡明了許多鹽應答的離子轉運途徑、水通道和物種特異的滲調劑代謝途徑，克隆了其相關基因並能在轉基因淡水植物中產生耐鹽表型;另一方面，在擬南芥突變體及利用酵母鹽敏感突變株功能互補篩選得到一些編碼信號傳遞蛋白的基因，這些都有助於闡明植物鹽脅迫應答的分子機制。Ie protein have multiple functions, such as conversion of the host cell into a metabolically activate states, activation of viral early genes in the early phase, repression of their own transcription. ie 180 proteins can stimulate transcription from both homologous such as the icp4 of hsv ( herpes simplex virus ) and heterologous viral and cellular promoter such as - globe protein
經分析偽狂犬病病毒立即早期蛋白（ immediate - earlyprotein180 ， ie180 ）的蛋白質結構，發現ie180具有轉錄激活因子的結構特徵，能與類rna聚合酶結合， ie180基因缺失突變體對sv40及cmv啟動子調控作用的研究，是考察ie180能否作為轉錄激活因子應用的關鍵。Understanding the mechanism by which the clpg1 mutation alters these phenotypes would improve our basic knowledge of factors involved in muscle growth, carcass leanness, and meat quality, as well as delineate unique forms of genomic imprinting regulation
對于clpg1突變影響callipyge表型機理的認識不但可以提高我們對肌肉生長，屠體性狀和肉質的了解，而且可以幫助我們闡明基因組印記調控的機理。He has imagined how a mutant might set about mating or surviving ; he has experimented with point shoes and prostheses, basic anatomy and virtual reality. - the observer - sunday june 6, 2004
他想象了一個突變異體可能會怎樣結伴交配或爭取生存，他實驗性地嘗試了芭蕾舞鞋和假體，基礎解剖學和實質現實。The acrystalliferous and plasmid - free derivatives of bacillus thuringiensis were screened with ethidium bromide treatment, elevating growth temperature from 42 to 44 then to 46 by degrees, and treating it with 0. 05 % sodium docecyl sulphate ( sds ) as the plasmid - curing agent at 46
分別用溴化乙錠誘變處理、逐級升溫培養以及用sds處理等三種方法對蘇雲金芽胞桿菌無晶體（ cry ~ - ）和無質粒突變株進行了篩選研究。A bt - e. coli shuttle vector pht315 was deleted its replication region of bt, then constructed a novel vector named pht315 - 1 which composed a multiple cloning site, erythromycin and ampicillin - resistance marker and could only replicated in e. coli. used pht315 - 1, a 5273 bps dna fragment carrying a novel bt plasmid replicon was isolated and registered in genbank as ay278324. sequence analysis showed that there were at least three orf ( open reading frame ) in the cloned dna encoding 501, 333, 183aas. orfl had 98 % identities with replicating related protein ori43 of bt strain hd263. the others were no homology to any published bt replicating related protein. after continuous cultured for 70h at 30 c without antibiotic selecting press. the stability of plasmid carrying cloned replicon in bt acrystalliferous mutant strain hd73 cry was more than 98 %. and growth curve also showed that the novel replicon was stable and could replicate normally
進一步序列分析表明該復制區至少有3個較大的orf ，分別編碼501 ， 333 ， 183個氨基酸。其中orf1蛋白序列與hd263復制蛋白ori43的同源性為98 ，而另外兩個orf和genbank己公布的bt復制相關蛋白無同源性。 30連續培養72h ，復制區質粒在bt無晶體突變株hd73cry ~ -中穩定性達98以上， 30h生長曲線也表明該復制區能夠在bt中穩定復制和遺傳，對受體菌株無明顯不良影響。The recombinant plasmids pbmb121l, pbmb9821l and pbmb986l were constructed after transferring bacillus thuringiensis icps gene crylaal, crylaclo and crylca from their original plasmid vectors to different plasmid vector. the relevant recombinant strains were obtained after introducing the 3 recombinant plasmids into bacillus thuringiensis plasmid - free mutant strain 8mb 171 by electroporation. the transformation and expression properties of 8mb 171 were studied
通過將蘇雲金芽胞桿菌殺蟲晶體蛋白基因cry1aal 、 cry1ac10和cry1ca轉移至不同質粒載體上，分別構建了重組質粒pbmb121l 、 pbmb9821l和pbmb986l ，並分別導入無質粒突變株bmb171 ，篩選得到攜帶相應icps基因的重組菌株。分享友人