超家族 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [chāojiāzú]
超家族
英文
mfs-
The b lymphocyte stim lator ( blys ) also known as baff, tall - 1, thank, ztnf4, is the most recent addition to the tumor necrosis factor family ( tnf ) ligands. blys induces both in vivo and in vitro b cell proliferation, differentiation and immunoglob lin secretion. meanwhile, it also strongly suppresses the growth of tumor cell lines. the over - production of blys is associated with the development of certain autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythaematosus ( sle ), rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis, sj greh ' s syndrome
人b淋巴細胞刺激因子（ hblys ）是1999年發現的腫瘤壞死因子超家族成員。最早發現其可誘導腫瘤細胞凋亡，之後發現它是一個強有力的b細胞共刺激因子，它在體外及轉基因動物體內可明顯刺激b細胞的生長，免疫球蛋白分泌，並導致動物自身免疫性改變。Centrin is a member of the calcium - binding ef - hand protein superfamily present in centrosomes of widely divergent species
中心蛋白是一廣泛存在於多種生物體內的蛋白，它屬于結合鈣離子的ef - hand超家族成員。As a member of this superfamily, human acidic fibroblast growth factor ( afgf or fgf1 ), expressed by a variety of cells from all three germ layers, shows great potential for clinical applications for therapy of a variety of diseases, such as parkinson ' s disease, spinal cord contusion injury, neural regeneration in reimplantation of broken - off finger, brain ischemia, renal ischemia, myocardial infarction, occlusive vascularitis, retinal ischemia, gastric ulcer and nonhealing wound and so on
人類酸性成纖維細胞生長因子（ afgf ， fgf - 1 ）是成纖維細胞生長因子超家族成員。來自於三個胚層的多種細胞都可以表達afgf 。 afgf在治療帕金森綜合癥、急性脊柱扭曲性損傷、斷指中神經功能重建、腦缺血、腎缺血、心肌梗塞、閉塞性脈管炎、視網膜缺血、胃潰瘍及難愈合性傷口等多種臨床應用方面具有巨大潛力。It is interesting that pma plus calcium ionophore a23187 can inhibit pma - induced pta1 expression, and this effect ca n ' t be reversed by calcmeurin inhibiter fk506. pta1 mabs can inhibit ctl activation and differentiation in mixed lymphocyte culture system when added at the beginning of the culture but can induce platelet activation and aggregation in the fc dependent manner. in 1997, pta1 cdna was cloned from cdna library of tpa activated jurkat cells, which belongs to immunoglobulin superfamily ( igsf ) with two v - like domains of extracelluar region of pta1
Il - 2 、 tnf - 、 pma可以使t細胞pta1表達上調， tgf -可以下調pta1的表達，而pma加上鈣離子載體a23187可以顯著抑制pma的上調作用，且這種抑制作用不被calcineurin抑制劑fk506所逆轉， 1997年burns教授從pma活化的jurkat細胞cdna文庫中克隆了pta1cdna全長，證實pta1是一個新分子，屬于免疫球蛋白超家族，胞膜外區有兩個v樣結構域。Ion channel protein superfamily
離子通道蛋白質的超家族Kinesin superfamily proteins
驅動蛋白超家族蛋白質3. bioinformatics analysis revealed that bt - r3 protein is a member of cadherin superfamily
生物信息學研究發現： bt - r3受體蛋白是鈣粘蛋白超級家族中的一員。Cytochrome p450 play a critical role in plant secondary metabolites synthesis as an ancient gene superfamily
細胞色素p450是一個古老的基因超家族，在植物次生物質的代謝合成中起著極為重要的作用。Citing the national separatism of the former yugoslavia as an example, the chapter aims at the illustrating the point that spreading widely in the world after the cold war, national separatism has become the main manifestation of global nationalism in the political area. the chapter also provides a thorough analysis of pan - turkism with the purpose of illustrating the situation of interwoven " separations " and " unifications " in political regards as the result of pan - nationalism gaining prominence in political nationalism after the cold war and how such situation has brought instability to the international community. in the context of economic globalization, global nationalism presents in the economic fields not only ultra - national and ultra - state communication and cooperation but also competition, confrontation and conflicts between nations and states
以前南斯拉夫民族分離主義為例，說明民族分離主義在冷戰后蔓延於世界各地並成為世界民族主義在政治領域中表現出來的主流；以泛突厥主義為例，說明泛民族主義在冷戰后政治民族主義中凸顯出來，構成了冷戰后政治民族主義「分」 、 「聚」相互交織的景象，從而對國際社會帶來的不穩定因素；在經濟全球化的背景下，世界民族主義在經濟領域內既有超國家、超民族間的交往與合作，也有民族國家之間的競爭、摩擦、矛盾和沖突;冷戰後文化民族主義在不同發展程度的國家表現形式不同所產生的影響也不同，出現了「防衛性」的文化民族主義和「殖民性」的文化民族主義。Follistatin, a kind of secreted protein, is known to antagonise the function of several members of the tgf - beta ( transforming growth factor - beta ) superfamily including myostatin, the most powerful inhibitor of muscle growth characterised to date
卵泡抑素（ follistatin ）是一種分泌蛋白，它可以拮抗tgf - beta （ transforminggrowthfactor ，轉化生長因子）超家族中幾種成員的功能，包括myostatin 。Human bone morphogenetic protein 3 is a member of tgf - b superfamily. lt can induce the differentiation of cartilage and bone tissue in mesenchymal cell. and is important to bone self - repairment and bone development during embryo morphogenesis. in addition, some other biological activities of hbmp - 3 have also been found. such as inducing development of embryo and stimulating differentiation of neural and blood cells. therefore, there is a great prospect in the use of hbmp - 3. there is trace content of hbmp - 3 in human body. it has been expressed in the expression system of eukaryotes and prokaryotes respectively, but its application is restricted because of defects in the process and modification after translation in prokaryotic cells and higher costs and lower yields existed in eukaryotic expression system
人骨形成蛋白3 （ hbmp - 3 ）屬于tgf -超家族的一員，可以誘導間充質細胞分化為軟骨和骨，在胚胎時期骨骼發育和骨再生修復中起著重要的作用，而且對胚胎發育過程中中胚層的誘導和分化、造血組織的發育以及神經系統的發育和修復等都起著重要作用，因而hbmp - 3有廣闊的市場前景。它在人體內含量極微，盡管研究人員已經在原核細胞和真核細胞表達系統中分別進行了表達，但是由於原核表達系統缺乏翻譯后的加工修飾，真核表達系統存在成本高、產量低等特點，限制了其在臨床上的應用。In this paper, phylogenetic relationship of 13 species involved in 6 genera of cruciferae wer e carried out through both the clones of homologous sequences with the primers designed on the basis of conserved regions of cyp86mf gene in cytochrome p450 gene superfamily and the differential analyses of them. meanwhile, complete sequences of some genes in cytochrome p450 gene superfamily were isolated and identified by smart pcr - race strategy, and expressed in e. colt. the results were as follows : ( 1 ) isolated by pcr from 11 species of cruciferae, eleven homologous gene segments that deduced amino acids were identities of over 80 % at nucleotide sequence level and similarities of over 70 % at amino acid sequence level
本論文以已知的細胞色素p450基因超家族成員cyp86mf基因的保守區設計引物對十字花科重要蔬菜作物的6個屬13個物種進行了同源序列的分離克隆，通過核酸序列的差異比較分析，研究了該基因在不同物種中的進化關系；同時，通過保守引物的pcr擴增和race相結合的方法對十字花科植物不同物種的細胞色素p450基因家族成員基因全長進行了分離克隆、鑒定和原核表達的研究，獲得如下研究結果： （ 1 ）通過pcr從十字花科植物不同物種中擴增到11個可以推導出完整氨基酸序列的同源片段。Estrogen through binding specific estrogen department of physiology 7 receptor ( er ) in nucleus, functions like a nucleus transcription factor and modulates expression of some genes. it has been found that there exist two subtypes of er. there are a and p subunits which are different in their distribution, density and mediated action
雌激素調節神經系統功能往往通過雌激素受體（ estrogenreceptor ， er ）蛋白介導。 er屬于類固醇受體超家族的核受體，具a 、 p兩種亞型，此二者在各種組織分佈及密度泅異。Human trail is a new member of tnf superfamily, which can specially induce cancer cell to apoptosis, but has none effect on normal cell. it is a new potential anti - cancer drug. the soluble functional part of trail gene was modified based on the partial principle code found in pichia pastoris
人的trail基因是新發現的腫瘤壞死因子tnf超家族的成員，它具有專一的誘導癌細胞調亡的作用，而對正常細胞沒有任何殺傷作用，是一種很有潛力的抗癌藥物。Estrogen receptor ( er ), an important transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily, plays a key role in reproductive, cardiovascular and central nervous systems and bone tissue
摘要雌激素受體屬于核受體超家族成員，是一類重要的核轉錄因子，它在生殖系統、骨組織、心血管和中樞神經系統中發揮著重要的生理作用，是治療骨質疏鬆和乳腺癌的重要藥物作用靶標。There are a and 3 subunits of estrogen receptor ( er ) subtypes. they are different in their distribution, density and mediated action. er can be expressed in nucleus or in cellular membrane
雌激素受體（ er ）屬于類固醇受體超家族的核受體，具有a和日兩種亞型，此二者在各種組織分佈及密度各異。Peroxisome proliferator - activated receptors ( ppars ) are a family of nuclear hormone receptors. ppar superfamily consists of three members : a, 5 and y
過氧化物酶體增殖因子活化受體（ peroxisomeproliferator - activatedreceptors ， ppars ）是配體依賴的轉錄因子的核受體超家族成員，由ppar 、 ppar和ppar三個成員組成。Unlike other p450s, p450nor has no monooxygenase activity although it belongs to the p450 super family ( cyp55a )
雖然它屬于細胞色素p450超家族，但沒有加單氧酶的活性。Angiogenin belongs to a protein superfamily of rnase. it is the only member being able to stimulate angiogenesis. on the other hand, angiogenin is also the only angiogenic factor known to exhibit ribonucleolytic activity
血管生成素是核糖核酸酶超家族中唯一一個具有促血管生成能力的成員，也是目前已知的所有血管生成因子中獨具核糖核酸酶活性的因子。Rab proteins are a family of small molecular weight gtpase of ras superfmaily with characteristic molecular weight about 22 - 25 kd. rab gtpases are expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells, ranging from yeast to drosophila and to human. they are ubiquitously or tissue - specifically expressed and function in all of cellular aspects
Rab蛋白是屬于ras蛋白超家族的小g蛋白（ smallg - proteinorsmallgtpase ） ，分子量大多在22 - 25kda之間，表達于從酵母、果蠅、小鼠到人類等各種真核生物中，發揮著各種各樣的功能；其在酵母中稱為ypt sec4p在高等真核生物中稱為rab 。分享友人