運轉成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yùnzhuǎnchéngběn]
運轉成本 英文
operating cost
  • 運 : Ⅰ動詞1 （物體位置不斷變化） move; revolve 2 （搬運; 運輸） carry; transport 3 （運用） use; wield...
  • 轉 : 轉構詞成分。
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 運轉 : 1. （沿一定軌道運轉） revolve; turn round 2. （指機器轉動） work; operate; run; travel 3. （循環） flow
  1. Accurate load forecasting is helpful to planning generators " starting and stopping in the interior of the electrical networks economically and reasonably, preserving the security and stability of power system, reducing the unnecessary circumvolving repertory capacity, making planning to overhaul the units in reason, ensuring the normal production and life of the society, effectively reducing the cost of generating electricity, increasing the economical and social benefit

    電力負荷預測是供電部門的重要工作之一，準確的負荷預測，可以經濟合理地安排電網內部發電機的啟停，保持電網運行的安全穩定性，減少不必要的旋轉儲備容量，合理安排機組檢修計劃，保證社會的正常生產和生活，有效地降低發電成本，提高經濟效益和社會效益。
  2. Freight ton ? kilometers ( passenger ? kilometers ) ： refer to the sum of the products of the volume of transported cargo ( passengers ) multiplying by the transport distance, usually using ton ? kilometre and passenger ? kilometre as units for measurement

    貨物（旅客）周轉量：指在一定時期內，由各種運輸工具運送的貨物（旅客）數量與其相應運輸距離的乘積之總和，是反映運輸業生產總成果的重要指標，也是編制和檢查運輸生產計劃，計算運輸效率、勞動生產率以及核算運輸單位成本的主要基礎資料。
  3. Beginning with the connotation of chinese, the authors analyses the relationship between speech form and speech content, illustrates the ever - changing form should follow its basic rules. comparing with content, the author thinks speech form has the feature of direct perception, the stability and limitation. thus, chinese teaching based on the form is not only in accord with the law of individual perception and psychological development, beneficial to develop the students " perception structure, but also it " s an important principle, the center of chinese teaching, the main foundations to train the students " language ability

    本文澄清了人們對語文學科的幾個基本概念的曲解和誤會，從語文的內涵入手，科學地界定言語形式和言語內容的概念與關系，並從學習個體認知學習的心理發展規律和語文教學自身的內在規律方面尋找理論依據，闡述了言語形式雖是「千變萬化」的，但有其基本規律可循，且此基本規律是「千篇一律」的，與內容相比，具有相對的直觀性、穩定性和有限性，所以，語文教學以言語形式為主，既符合學習個體認知學習的心理發展規律，有助於學生良好的認知結構的構建，遷移學習能力的形成及認知能力的發展；同時，以言語形式為主，又是語文教學的一條重要的客觀規律，它是語文教學規律性運轉的「軸心」 ，是培養學生言語能力的「抓手」 、語感能力形成的源泉、弘揚人文性的依託。
  4. At present, the typic harmful current detection methods are the fast fourier transform algorithm in frequency domain and methods based on the instantaneous reactive power theory, these methods all require some transform and quick, real - time calculating, so high precision analog multipliers or high speed dsp chip with fast a / d are needed, this results in complex circuit and high cost ， which have restricted the development of apf

    目前畸變電流檢測常用的方法有頻域法的fft和基於瞬時無功理論的畸變電流檢測法。這些方法均有一定的變換，需要快速、實時運算，因此必須使用高速的數字微處理器和高性能a / d轉換器，這必將大大提高系統成本，使得電路結構復雜，在一定程度上限制了有源濾波器的發展。
  5. In the light of the problems of the air balance system of model lcj1250 chain drive pumping unit, it is proposed to change the air balance with counterweight balance, and three criteria for the modification is put forward : ( 1 ) ensuring the reliability of the unit with smooth operation, low noise and long life ; ( 2 ) cutting down the production cost and using less component parts as possible ; ( 3 ) carrying out modification without such main technical parameters as stroke, pumping speed and maximum polished rod load

    針對lcj1250氣平衡式鏈條抽油機存在氣平衡故障率高和現場維修困難等問題，提出將氣平衡改造成工作可靠的重力平衡的方案，並確定了改造的三個原則：一是保證整機的可靠性，使抽油機運轉平穩，振動噪音小，壽命長；二是力求降低生產成本，減少零部件製造，盡可能選用原來的通用件，捨去平衡缸和空氣包等氣平衡附件，在原往返架主體上懸掛一個配重箱；三是力求不改變沖程、沖次及最大懸點載荷等主要技術參數。
  6. Abstract : in the light of the problems of the air balance system of model lcj1250 chain drive pumping unit, it is proposed to change the air balance with counterweight balance, and three criteria for the modification is put forward : ( 1 ) ensuring the reliability of the unit with smooth operation, low noise and long life ; ( 2 ) cutting down the production cost and using less component parts as possible ; ( 3 ) carrying out modification without such main technical parameters as stroke, pumping speed and maximum polished rod load

    文摘:針對lcj1250氣平衡式鏈條抽油機存在氣平衡故障率高和現場維修困難等問題，提出將氣平衡改造成工作可靠的重力平衡的方案，並確定了改造的三個原則：一是保證整機的可靠性，使抽油機運轉平穩，振動噪音小，壽命長；二是力求降低生產成本，減少零部件製造，盡可能選用原來的通用件，捨去平衡缸和空氣包等氣平衡附件，在原往返架主體上懸掛一個配重箱；三是力求不改變沖程、沖次及最大懸點載荷等主要技術參數。
  7. The report of " building the comfortable society completely, initiate a new prospect of china ' s characteristic socialist society " in the sixteenth national congress of the communist party of china points out, the political building and the political system reform is asked for " to deepen the administration reforms, further change the government functions, improve administration method, spread the electric politics, heighten administration costs, form the action standard coordinate work, right, penetrating honest efficient administration system.

    黨的十六大通過的《全面建設小康社會，開創中國特色社會主義事業新局面》的報告明確指出：關于政治建設和政治體制改革要求「深化行政管理體制改革。進一步轉變政府職能、改進管理方式，推行電子政務，提高行政效率，降低行政成本，形成行為規范、運轉協調、公正透明、廉潔高效的行政管理體制。 」
  8. As web ’ s own openness and sharing, not only brings the government service transformation and highly effective revolution, but also causes the phenomenon which government institution appears exceeds authority to visit, creates the information visitor ’ role blurred, jurisdiction unclear, the task responsibility is vague, brings the enormous threat to information security of the government

    由於web本身的開放性和共享性，帶來政府業務方式變革和高效運轉的同時，也使得政務機關中出現越權訪問的現象，造成信息訪問者角色不清，權限不明，任務責任模糊，給政府信息安全帶來極大的威脅。
  9. For rotary axes can be made less expensive, easier and more compact than a linear guide at the same precision level, a rotary arm that carries a diamond tool combined with a fast tool servo are used to replace the straight lines

    由於旋轉抽與同等精度的直線導軌相比，具有製造難度小、成本低及結構緊湊等優點，所以採用具有快速伺服機構的金剛石刀架擺臂代替直線導軌進給運動方式。
  10. According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

    本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。
  11. We should further change the functions of the government, improve the methods of management, introduce e - government, uplift administrative efficiency and reduce costs so as to form an administrative system featuring standardized behaviors, coordinated operation, fairness and transparency, honesty and high efficiency

    進一步轉變政府職能，改進管理方式，推行電子政務，提高行政效率，降低行政成本，形成行為規范運轉協調公正透明廉潔高效的行政管理體制。
  12. The decrease in cultivated average farmland mainly and the farm capital substituting function on the workforce embody agricultural repel strength. the absorbing forces in rural and urban area use one liner regression model predicting the absorbing power of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry in rural region and the urban as a whole. the shifting frictional force shows as economic cost and psychological cost mainly

    農業排斥力主要通過人均耕地面積的減少和農業資本對勞動力的替代作用來體現；城鄉吸納力主要運用一元線性回歸模型分別預測了農村第二產業、第三產業和城鎮總體對農業勞動力的吸納能力；轉移摩擦力主要表現為經濟成本和心理成本。
  13. Low breakdown rate, easy maintenance, low operating cost

    構造簡單、不易故障、容易維護，運轉成本低廉。
  14. The author also uses the computation by tabulation to test the to all kind of possible planning schema of section station, and figure out the cost of transportation by the component of car flow from the viewpoint of economical evaluatioa at last, a feasible planning schema about section station of xiang - shi line is drawn

    並採用行車組織中慣用的表格計演算法分析驗證各種區段站設置方案的優劣，又從經濟評價的角度計算各種區段站設置方案條件下可能產生的有調中轉車流和無調中轉車流的數量，計算出各種方案的運輸成本費用，進一步論證襄石線區段站設置方案的可行性。
  15. Example ： within two years after the dynamic new president was hired ， the old company experienced a major turnaround, doubling its sales while reducing operating costs

    精力充沛的新總裁上任兩年內，公司出現了重大的轉折，在削減運營成本的同時銷售額增加了一倍。
  16. We have cooperated with my agent abroad to open up new service of air ocean combined transport and our hub is in dubai and inchon, we offer ocean transport as feeder shipment, air transport as mother shipment to reduce the shipping cost and save the time for our valued customer.

    上海港泰國際貨運代理有限公司國際海空聯運我們聯合代理開通了以dubai以及inchon為中轉，頭程海運，二程空運的從中國出口到世界各地的海空聯運服務，以求降低客戶的運輸成本，加快貨物的流轉時間。
  17. Supply chain management asks company to pay attention to the stock coatrol of the entire supply chain but not only to the stock control of itself, lessen the demand magnifying phenomenon as possible, establish the strategic partnerships with the supply chain companies, implement the information pooling and coordinated operation ; in order to improve of the service capacity and the reduce of the stock cost, ultimately realize the win - win of the companies. based on the idea of supply chain management, management schools at home and abroad made wide and deep research on the inventory management, and procured many new achievements, and further more the practically application of which in companies acquired preferable effect

    針對業務過程的工作流管理，要求企業從傳統的只注重自身的庫存控制轉向注重整個供應鏈的庫存控制，盡量減少需求放大現象，建立供應鏈上企業的戰略聯盟關系，實現信息共享和協同作業，通過整個供應鏈服務水平的提升和庫存成本的降低，實現供應鏈上企業的共贏，進而實現供應鏈上各節點企業的客戶響應水平的提升和運營成本的降低。
  18. The help of straight boat of prospective two sides to kaohsiung harbor is not to do not have, before " the ministry of communication " boat politics director, currently hold the post ofmarine university to teach wu ronggui to point out, because straight boat reduces shipment and delivery cost, of cargo of come - and - go of ok and exciting two sides grow, additional with fujian area for, slower port is built beyond xiamen, each countries ship business still carries as dump with kaohsiung harbor likely center, but expect very hard to have considerably grow, straight boat of prospective two sides, benefit is the greatest is aviation passenger transport, it is air - freight next, marine leakey already not quite

    未來兩岸直航對于高雄港的幫助不是沒有，前「交通部」航政司長，現任海洋大學教授吳榮貴指出，因直航降低運送成本，可以刺激兩岸往來貨載的成長，另外以福建地區來說，廈門以外建設較緩慢的港口，各個國航商仍有可能以高雄港做為轉儲運中心，但是很難期待有大幅的成長，未來兩岸直航，效益最大的是航空客運，其次是航空貨運，海運的利基已經不大。
  19. The summery and review of exiting exchange rate regime choice theory literature are done in second chapter. among other things, the fixed and floating exchange rate dispute, optimum currency area, open economy macroeconomic model, design of intermediate exchange rate regime, currency crisis model and corner solution, exchange rate regime choice in developing countries and the positive study on exchange rate regime are discussed intensively. one finding is that the mainstream exchange rate regime literatures are always critical to the exiting prevailing exchange rate regime and resort to ever proved unsuccessful regimes to cure the problem in sight

    第三章轉向對中國當前匯率制度的分析，在簡略概述其發展演化過程后，對當前我國匯率制度安排的成敗得失進行了評價，指出其基本適應了中國改革開放的需要，在中國避免東亞金融危機中發揮了重要作用，但現存匯率制度在效率、運行成本、對貨幣政策自主性的影響以及風險累積上仍存在著缺陷，這些缺陷在經濟進一步開放條件下有可能成為新的不穩定性因素。
  20. The perspective taken by the researchers is different from the traditional agglomeration theory. they tend to research into the institutions, social and cultural background where the econom ic network embedded from the researches into the transportation cost and the substantial relationship between the investment and production of the enterprises

    這些研究者的研究視角與傳統的集聚理論相比是不同的：他們從運輸成本、企業間的物質投入產出關系的研究開始轉向對網路所根植的制度和社會文化環境的關注。
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