遺傳雜合性 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yízhuànzágěxìng]
遺傳雜合性 英文
heterozygosity
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 雜 : Ⅰ形容詞（多種多樣的; 混雜的） miscellaneous; varied; sundry; mixed Ⅱ動詞（混合在一起; 攙雜） mix; blend; mingle
  • 合 : 合量詞（容量單位） ge, a unit of dry measure for grain （=1 decilitre）
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  1. Gosden j, lawson d. rapid chromosome identification by oligonucleotideprimed in site dna synthesis ( prins ) [ j ]. hum mol genet, 1994, 3 : 931

    趙曉嵐，葉國玲，楚雍烈，等.產前篩查和基因多態性位點在唐氏綜合征產前診斷中的應用[ j ] .中國優生與遺傳雜志2003 ， 11 （ 2 ） : 49
  2. It revealed that these two transformants were heterozygote, and the foreign gene inserted just to on locus in the plant genome. as the observed ratio of progeny of two transformants which on selfing was 3 : 1, it was proved to be heterozygote for two transformants

    其中2棵抗性株自交後代的遺傳分析表明，真空滲入法所得的轉化株為雜合體，且其分離比符合3 ： 1的單基因分離規律。
  3. For example, in genetics, if a heterozygous plant is selfed, the probability of finding the double recessive is 1 in 4, or 25 %

    例如在遺傳學上，一個雜合的植物體為自花受精，發現雙隱性性狀的概率為1 / 4或25 % 。
  4. The callipyge phenotype in sheep is an inherited muscular hypertrophy that affects only heterozygous individuals who receive the clpg mutation from their father

    只有遺傳了來源於父本的clpg突變的雜合子個體才能表達這一表型，因此推測這一性狀受印記基因的控制。
  5. Green fluorescent protein ( gfp ) gene was conjugated to the 3 " end of the pap gene in order to screen easily of the transgenic cotton plants. the combined gene was cloned into plant expression vector pbi121 and then transformed. about 5000 seeds of the transgenic cotton were obtained and the some seedlings of the transgenic cotton could give a bright green fluorescence in the dark condition when the cotton seedlings were irradiated with ultraviolet rays

    為了便於轉基因棉花後代的篩選，在pap基因的3 』端融入了綠色熒光蛋白gfp ）基因，然後將融合基因克隆在植物表達載體pbi121上，再進行遺傳轉化，得轉基因棉花種子5000餘粒，將種子播種長到于葉展開時，先在黑暗中用紫外燈照射，查找表現綠色熒光的幼苗，然後再用地高辛（ dig ）標記的pap基因特異性探針對這些棉花進行點雜交，最後發現有8株棉花表現陽性反應，說明pap基因的確己經轉到了棉花的基因組中，其棉花黃萎病的抗性鑒定正在進行之中。
  6. A novel dynamic evolutionary clustering algorithm ( deca ) is proposed in this paper to overcome the shortcomings of fuzzy modeling method based on general clustering algorithms that fuzzy rule number should be determined beforehand. deca searches for the optimal cluster number by using the improved genetic techniques to optimize string lengths of chromosomes ; at the same time, the convergence of clustering center parameters is expedited with the help of fuzzy c - means ( fcm ) algorithm. moreover, by introducing memory function and vaccine inoculation mechanism of immune system, at the same time, deca can converge to the optimal solution rapidly and stably. the proper fuzzy rule number and exact premise parameters are obtained simultaneously when using this efficient deca to identify fuzzy models. the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy modeling method based on deca is demonstrated by simulation examples, and the accurate non - linear fuzzy models can be obtained when the method is applied to the thermal processes

    針對模糊聚類演算法不適應復雜環境的問題，提出了一種新的動態進化聚類演算法，克服了傳統模糊聚類建模演算法須事先確定規則數的缺陷.通過改進的遺傳策略來優化染色體長度，實現對聚類個數進行全局尋優;利用fcm演算法加快聚類中心參數的收斂;並引入免疫系統的記憶功能和疫苗接種機理，使演算法能快速穩定地收斂到最優解.利用這種高效的動態聚類演算法辨識模糊模型，可同時得到合適的模糊規則數和準確的前提參數，將其應用於控制過程可獲得高精度的非線性模糊模型
  7. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  8. The genetic correlations of six agronomic characters in some indica - japonica crosses were analyzed using mixed - linear model method. the results indicated that there existed correlations to a certain degree among the measured traits. the phenotypic correlations of plant height with filled grain or seed setting were significant. panicle length with total grains or filled grain, total grains with filled grain or seed setting, and filled grain with seed setting were the same. for panicle length with plant height or seed setting, total grains with filled, and for filled grain with seed setting, genetic correlations were also significant. further analysis, the result showed that genetic correlations between the measured traits were mainly due to domimant effects. in addition, additive correlations were significant for grain weight with panicle length or total grains or filled grain, and for total grains with filled grain

    用混合線性模型方法對秈粳亞種間雜交組合農藝性狀的相關性進行了遺傳研究，結果表明：被測性狀之間大都存在一定程度的相關.其中，株高與實粒數、結實率，穗長與總粒數、實粒數，總粒數與實粒數和結實率，以及實粒數與結實率之間具有顯著的表型相關，總粒數與實粒數，實粒數與結實率，以及穗長與株高和結實率之間具有顯著的遺傳相關.進一步的分析表明，性狀之間的遺傳相關大多歸因於顯性效應，而粒重與穗長、總粒數和實粒數之間，以及總粒數與實粒數之間還具有極顯著的加性相關
  9. A comprehensive study published recently in the journal of genetic counseling indicates such children run an only slightly higher risk of significant genetic disorders like congenital heart defects - - about two percentage points above the average 3 to 4

    最近發表在《遺傳學咨詢》雜志上的一份綜合性研究表明近親婚姻所生的小孩患上主要遺傳性疾病如先天性心臟缺陷的可能性只比一般小孩略高- -大約比平均的3到4高出兩個百分點。
  10. The obtained results do not support a major gene for body mass index in chinese, the discrepancies between our study and previous studies may result from ethnic difference between chinese and other populations ; the general model provides the best fit to the data, while the environmental model is the second parsimonious model, perhaps due to complex mode of body mass index inheritance ; a moderate heritability estimate is found for body mass index ( h2 = 0. 313 ), lower than that of other populations, this is presumably due to the fact that aside from the influence of genetic bases, body mass index is strongly influenced by environmental factors and that there is a low proportion of obese individuals in samples ( only 4. 1 % individuals have body mass index > 30 )

    分離分析的結果表明， （ 1 ）體重指數不存在主基因分離，不同於在其他非中國人群中檢測的結果，說明存在種群差異性； （ 2 ）一般模型提供了最合適模型，環境模型是次之的嚴格模型，可能由於體重指數遺傳模式的復雜性所致； （ 3 ）中國人群中體重指數具有適中的遺傳率（ h ~ 2 = 0 . 313 ） ，低於其他人群中的結果，這是由於體重指數除了受遺傳因素影響外還受環境因素影響及樣本中低比例的肥胖個體（ 4 . 1的個體bmi 30 ）的原因。
  11. The other classfies the calculation of mbps into the solution of inequation based on heuristic knowledge of mbps of optimal directional coordination setting in complex multiloop network and comes into equivalence of 0 - 1 integral second layout problem. on the basis of the principle of gene optimal evolution, a new approach to determine mbps is first presented and decreases the computational complexity of mbps problem

    其二，利用復雜環網方向保護最優整定配合中最小斷點集（ mbps ）的啟發知識，將mbps的計算歸結為解不等式，進而等價為0 ? 1整數二次規劃問題，基於基因遺傳優化計算原理，首次提出了mbps問題的基因遺傳演算法，降低了問題的計算復雜性。
  12. Analysis on combining ability and heritability of salt tolerance in hybrid rice

    脅迫下雜交稻農藝性狀配合力及遺傳力分析
  13. Studies on combining ability and heritability of 8 spike characters in indica hybrid rice

    雜交秈稻穗部性狀的配合力及遺傳力研究
  14. Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping, the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method, which was widely applied in mixed linear model, could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects, including additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance. the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ). the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased

    對新提出的qtl分析方法進行了montecarlo模擬研究，結果表明，廣泛應用於混合線性模型的廣義最小二乘法（ gls ）能夠無偏估計加性效應，顯性效應以及加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應等各項遺傳主效應；運用線性無偏預測法（ lup ）能夠無偏預測上述各項遺傳主效應與環境的互作效應；基於qtl效應的雜種優勢預測也是無偏的。
  15. The results showed that the compatibility indexes were obviously higher when the male sterile lines were used as the female parent than when their respective maintainer counterparts were used as the female parent, indicating the male sterile cytoplasmic effects on interspecific cross incompatibilities in cruciferae

    結果表明：三種類型的不育系均有一致的趨向，即用不育系和保持系與同一親本雜交的親和指數，不育系作母本的明顯高於以保持系作母本的組合，表明十字花科種間雜交親和性具有雄性不育細胞質遺傳效應。
  16. Thus the areas of the overlapping regions are compensated efficiently and the accuracy of measurement is highly improved. the volume of the bubbles can be estimated on the bubbles " area information, and a genetic algorithm ( ga ) based method is used to match and track bubbles in the image sequences, which solve tracking problem under complex conditions efficiently, such as some bubbles may have kinetic occlusion and crossover, some newly generated bubbles may entered into flow field and run away. a smooth kinetic locus is obtained by fitting the discrete centroids with a cubic spline function and at the same time the visual measurement is realized

    根據氣泡在圖像平面中的面積估計氣泡的體積，並對流場中的所有氣泡採用遺傳演算法進行最佳的匹配跟蹤，有效地解決了氣泡群在流場中出現如遮擋、交又、新它『出現、逃逸等復雜情況下的準確跟蹤，並採用三次樣條插值方法對離散的質心點軌跡進行擬合，得到氣泡在流場中平滑的運動軌跡，從而實現了摻氣水流特性的可視化測童。
  17. Facing to manufacturing system, this paper analyzed its characters and evolvement of production management modes, demonstrated that lean production and human - based theory were practical ways to reform our manufacturing systems fit for the reality. a division method was raised to separate the job - scheduling problem into shop and station types, and emphasis was pressed on the study of partheno - genetic algorithm ( pga ), a revised genetic algorithm, to calculate this problem. a new kind of gene joint - move algorithm was also raised

    針對製造系統，分析其生產管理模式的特點和變遷，論證了精益生產和以人為本的思想是適合現階段我國實際的製造系統管理模式改造途徑，對其中的主要具體問題?作業計劃調度提出shop （車間）和station （工作站）型兩分法，求解上重點研究了遺傳演算法的改進型式?單染色體遺傳演算法（ pga ）的基本理論，提出一種基因聯合移位運算元，證明了演算法的有效性與優越性，研究了如何將pga應用於製造系統作業調度這一復雜的組合優化問題，針對生產中總時間最短和jit兩種生產性能指標，給出了具體的解決方案及運算過程。
  18. Doe to its exceeding sterility, the mutation was maintained by heterozygotes, and it was also inherited stably after five generations of self - pollination

    由於其高度不育，突變性狀採用雜合體保存，經5代連續自交，均表現穩定遺傳特性。
  19. The higher values of heterozygosity and proportions of polymorphic loci of the natural population indicated that the natural resource of c. farreri in china was in good condition with higher genetic diversity. it is urgent to establish the effective measures to protect the resource

    櫛孔扇貝野生種群的多態位點比例和雜合度處于較高水平，說明我國櫛孔扇貝野生種群的遺傳多樣性水平較高，種質資源尚處于較好狀態，應制定相應的漁業生產和管理措施加以保護。
  20. With hazards everywhere, plus the complications of genetic predisposition and age, it is hard for someone to work out his actual risk of developing either cancer or metabolic syndrome

    風險本來就無處不在，遺傳易感性和年齡因素更增加了情況的復雜性，某人想查明自己實際患癌癥或新陳代謝綜合疾病的風險自然十分困難。
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