離子流率 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [líziliúlǜ]
離子流率 英文
ion-flow rate
  • 離 : Ⅰ動詞1 （離開） leave; part from; be away from; separate 2 （背離） go against 3 （缺少） dispens...
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 流 : Ⅰ動1 （液體移動; 流動） flow 2 （移動不定） drift; move; wander 3 （流傳; 傳播） spread 4 （向壞...
  • 率 : 率名詞（比值） rate; ratio; proportion
  • 離子 : [物理學] ion
  1. Impulse heavy current technology, as one of the important researches of pulse power techniques, is also widely applied to technology of high - temperature plasma, strong magnetic field, mechanics effects and so on

    沖擊大電流技術是脈沖功率技術的重要研究內容之一，廣泛的用於高溫等離子體、強磁場、力學效應等研究領域。
  2. Here the conductance, carrier concentration and hall mobility ect parameters of er doped cdte films have been given. using seto model, we calculate the grain - boundary barrier of er doped cdte films and analyze the varing dose influence on the grain - boundary resistance

    討論了不同er離子注入量對硅基底上沉積的cdte薄膜結構和光電性能的影響，並具體給出了摻雜cdte多晶薄膜的電導、載流子濃度及遷移率等參數值。
  3. The feasibility that kaufman ion source is applied in reactive ion beam etching is discussed. etching characteristics of materials, including pr, cr, quartz, are investigated. the etch rate and mechanisms of such materials are measured and analyzed as a function of ion energy, ion beam density and ion incidence angle in pure ar and chf3, respectively. the etch rate has shown a square root dependence on variation versus

    深入研究了光刻膠、鉻薄膜、石英等光學材料離子束刻蝕特性，分別以ar氣和chf3為工作氣體，研究光刻膠、鉻薄膜、石英等的刻蝕速率隨離子能量，束流密度和離子入射角度的變化關系，得到刻蝕速率與影響因素的擬合方程，為掩模的製作工藝路線提供了實驗依據和理論指導。
  4. Many studies had attempted to characterize chemical weathering process by focusing on geochemisty of river particulate and sediment. the sediment geochemistry may reflect and compare with the carbonates and silicates weathering degree by introducing the chemical index of alteration ( cia ) and new sediment index of variation ( siv ) and elemental molar abundance ratio of the sediment. the one main objective of this study would provide and compare the relative weathering intensities of silicates and carbonates with the different basins

    2沉積物地球化學與化學風化進程和機械剝蝕率化學風化指數與化學風化率屬于表徵化學風化作用意義不同的函數，前者為相對概念反映流域巖石在原巖基礎上己發生淋溶作用的深度，主要受到了氣候因子的深刻影響（中國流域沉積物化學風化指數由北到南呈有規則的遞增序列，氣候因子對風化進程的影響掩蓋了巖性的巨大差異） ，而化學風化率含義是指單位流域面積巖石風化淋溶產生的離子絕對總量。
  5. In this technology, entering the electric tank brine mass is this technology key, it has important effect to ionic membrane life - span, slot voltage and current efficiency

    在這項技術中，進入電解槽的鹽水質量是這項技術的要害，它對離子膜的壽命，槽電壓和電流效率有著重要的影響。
  6. According the key factors we find, we bring forward a new conception : multilevel suppressor and design a new high performance suppressor whose ion - exchange membrane has bigger areas and using three electrodes including one cathode ( anode ) and two anodes ( cathode ), at the same time we fill the suppression compartment with one kind of ion exchange resin which has moderate exchange capacity. according to our experiment ' s results, we find the new type suppressor has quite high working current efficiency and suppressing capacity. in most cases, the suppressor ' s current efficiency is over 90 % ; the suppressor can transform the naoh ( concentration : 200mmol / l, flow rate : i. oml / min, conductance : over 10000 i - i s cm " ) to pure water ( conductance : 8. 9 it s cm in chapter 3, the high performance suppressor is applied in determination some trace - amounts ions in plating solution, sewage. in this chapter, we also have a research on the gradient ion chromatography

    第二章首先以xyz - 1型電化學抑制柱為例，分析了電化學抑制柱的抑制過程得出影響抑制容量的主要因素主要是抑制柱的電流效率和離子交換膜的極限電流密度，因此採用中等交換能力的離子交換樹脂作為抑制室的填料以提高電流效率，在通常情況下電流效率可達到90以上；在選用同種離子交換膜的前提下，可通過增加離子交換膜的有效面積達到提高極限電流的目的從而提高抑制柱的抑制容量，因此提出了多級抑制的概念並據此研製了共電極式高容量電化學抑制柱，該抑制柱最高可將流速為1 . 0ml / min ，濃度為200mmol / l電導率超過10000 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）氫氧化鈉溶液抑制為電導率低至8 . 9 s ? cm ~ （ - 1 ）的純水，並且具有穩定性高、分析結果準確等優點。
  7. In the mean time, i test the separator ’ s performance, including the rate of hole 、 the performance of absorbing electrolyte and the conductance eletrochemical steady range 、 machine intensity test, and then make bettery to test its cycle performance. the test result show that, the spreading separator get better performance, when dbp ’ s percentum reach 50 %, and dry temperature reach 90, after ultraviolet radiation disposal. the test show that, the separator has high conductance reach 6. 1 10 - 3s / cm ( 25 ), and the machine intensity can reach 3. 92 mpa, this separator can meet the need of making bettery, the bettery capability will go down after 30 cycle. and the bettery show worse performance under high temperature, under 70, the bettery will get fire. making the intensified seprator, i find that when dbp % : pvdf % = 40 % : 60 %, dbp % + pvdf % : sio2 % = 70 % : 30 %, the separator get

    但用其制備的電池循環30周期后容量發生衰減，並且電池高溫性能差， 70下電池燃燒;強化聚合物膜的最佳制備配比條件為: dbp : pvdf為40mass % : 60mass % ， dbp含量與pvdf含量之和與納米sio2含量比值為70mass % : 30mass % ;強化電解質隔膜的室溫離子電導率也可達4 10 - 3s / cm左右，完全能滿足聚合物鋰離子電池的使用需要;機械強度遠遠大於流延法制得的隔膜，達到108 . 84mpa 。
  8. Methods are explored to improve power factors of ion membrane of the rectifying device through control of the conduction angles

    探討了通過對導通角的控制來提高離子膜整流裝置功率因數的方法。
  9. Main content in simulation is the spatio - temporal evolution of the set of descriptive variables characterizing tectonic mineralization state under coupling of various processes as following : ( 1 ) variables related to forming and property of ore - forming fluid, such as dissolution rate of minerals ( include metal minerals ) in rock, concentration and saturation of aqueous species in fluid, temperature, pressure, and ionic strength etc. ; ( 2 ) variables related to structural deformation and fluid flow, such as stress, deformation rate, fracture network, porosity, fracture permeability ; ( 3 ) variables related to precipitation and mineralization, such as nucleation rate of gangue and metal minerals, accumulation precipitation of various minerals, etc. ; ( 4 ) spatio - temporal coupling relation of various variables above, such as the coupling relationship between spatio - temporal evolution of fracture permeability and flow and focus of fluid and ore - forming

    模擬的主要內容是在各種過程耦合作用下，以下描述構造成礦體系的主要變量的時空演化：與成礦流體的形成和性質有關的變量，如地層中礦物（包括成礦物質）的溶解速率、流體中各組分的濃度與飽和度、流體溫度、壓力、離子強度等；與構造變形和流體運移有關的各變量，如應力與變形速率、巖石孔隙度、構造（斷裂）滲透率等；與沉澱成礦有關的變量，如礦物（金屬礦物和脈石礦物）的成核速率、各礦物的沉澱量等；上述各有關變量間的時空耦合關系，如斷裂滲透率時空演化與流體流動、匯聚和成礦的耦合關系等。
  10. The coin type liquid lithium and li - ion batteries are assembled, meanwhile their first charge - discharge property, cycle performance, rate discharge performance, overcharge property and ac impedance property are studied

    文中首先制備扣式的液態鋰電池和鋰離子電池，對電池首次充放電，循環性能，倍率放電性能，過充電性能和交流阻抗性能進行了測試。
  11. However, the refractive index will increase with the increase of the flow ratio of sifu / nhs, slightly increase with the increase of substrate temperate, and decrease with the increase of rf power. by measuring the passivation results of hydrogen plasma and sinx thin film, we found an evident improvement of minor carrier lifetime in polycrystalline silicon after hydrogen plasma treatment, although it has little to do with the annealing temperature and time. the hydrogen contained in sinx thin film can enhance the carrier mobility of monocrystalline silicon, but after annealing at high temperature the mobility turns down

    通過測試氫等離子體鈍化和氮化硅薄膜鈍化的效果，實驗還發現氫等離子體處理對多晶硅材料的少子壽命提高作用比較明顯，但是這種提高作用與處理溫度以浙江大學碩士學位論文王曉泉2003年5月及時間的關系不大；氨化硅薄膜中的氫對單晶硅的載流子遷移率提高有一定作用，但經過高溫處理后這種作用消失；氮化硅薄膜能提高單晶硅和多晶硅的少子壽命，具有表面鈍化和體鈍化的雙重作用；氫等離子體和氮化硅薄膜都能有效地提高單晶和多晶電池的短路電流密度，進而使電池效率有不同程度（絕對轉換效率0
  12. In this thesis, we have mainly studied the characteristics of chf3, c6h6 and cf4 electron cyclotron resonance ( ecr ) plasma using langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy ( oes ). the relative concentration of different radicals in chf3 plasma and the effect of chf3 / c6h6 ratio on bond configuration of a - c : f films were discussed. it was showed that h, f, c2 were the main radicals among radicals of h, f, c2, ch and f2 in chf3 ecr plasma

    重點研究了chf _ 3 、 cf _ 4和chf _ 3 c _ 6h _ 6放電等離子體中基團的分佈；分析了不同基團的相對密度隨宏觀放電條件（微波輸入功率、放電氣壓、源氣體流量比）的變化規律；探討了等離子體中各種基團的生成途徑；在不同源氣體流量比的條件下沉積了a - c ： f薄膜並通過傅立葉變化紅外吸收光譜（ ftir ）的測量得到了薄膜中鍵結構的信息；分析了a - c ： f薄膜的沉積速率及其鍵結構與等離子體空間基團分佈狀態之間的關聯。
  13. The equations which are used in the radiation hydrodynamic model include the hydrodynamic equation of plasma, the absorption equation of laser, non - lte electron occupation probability equations, electron ion and photon energy equations ( three - temperature equations ), and the state equation of matter and so on

    考慮的方程有：等離子體流體力學方程組，激光吸收方程，非局域熱動平衡電離下電子占據概率的速率方程組，電子離子的能量守恆方程組和光子的能量輸運方程（三溫方程組） ，關于元素不透明度的方程，以及描述物質狀態的方程等。
  14. The authors present the review on dry sliding friction and wear behaviour of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites in recent years, including friction behaviours, wear mechanisms and applications of these composites

    離子注入是一種新興的束流表面強化技術，離子注入陶瓷材料可使其表面的力學性能如斷裂韌度、硬度、彎曲強度、摩擦學性能等得到改善，它為解決結構陶瓷韌性不足、摩擦磨損率較高等問題開辟了新的技術途徑。
  15. The new requirements for applications in material surface engineering urge a new type of hipib apparatus, for instance, the generation of medium - power - density ion beam, high - stability ion beams and long - lifetime ion source etc. therefore, characterization of high power ion diode - magnetically insulated ion diode ( mid ), the key issue for the technique development, is considered in this dissertation. the investigations of hipib generation and its mechanisms have been carried out in a temp - 6 hipib apparatus, in order to optimize the configuration of ion diode and its ion beam parameters for materials surface treatments

    針對強流脈沖離子束（ hipib ）技術研發的關鍵環節?高功率離子二極體（磁絕緣離子二極體）的工作特性，在temp - 6型hipib裝置上開展了hipib產生及其形成機理的實驗研究，確定了優化的離子二極體結構和輻照工藝參數；通過hipib輻照金屬材料燒蝕行為的系統研究，揭示了燒蝕表面形貌的形成規律，為徹底弄清hipib與材料相互作用機理提供了實驗依據。
  16. To make pic ( particl - in - cell ) simulations. to set up models of guns and magnetic field and simulate them in the vacuum and plasma, respectively. we found that plasma held back part of space charge effects and improved trajectory of electrons. but beam would oscillate and became instable as accretion of plasma density. by simulating again and again, we draw a conclusion magic could n ' t work when plasma density was more by far than beam electron density. at last a four - stage depressed collector was simulated

    建立電子槍和聚焦系統模擬模型，分別在真空和填充等離子體條件下進行模擬。發現填充等離子體能補償部分空間電荷效應，改善電子束包絡軌跡，提高電子的流通率，但是隨著等離子體密度的增大，束電子會出現振蕩不穩定性，遺憾的是通過反復多次模擬發現本文所用粒子模擬的代表性軟體magic無法用於模擬等離子體密度遠高於束電子密度的情況。
  17. Abstract : it has been discovered that the coke formed in ch4 coupling under plasma can be eliminated via pure h2 discharge in the system. eliminating coke under plasma with positive or negative high voltage in dc electric field has been compared with that in ac field. the elimination of coke takes place only on the negative of the two electrodes in dc field, while on both electrodes in ac field. the coke on the reactor walls can be eliminated with either positive or negative high voltage and in either dc or ac field. based on the experimental facts, hypotheses of the reaction mechanism are suggested. quantity of eliminating coke depends on diametrical ratio between reactor and the electrode, input power and electrode materials

    文摘:發現了等離子條件下甲烷偶聯反應中形成的積炭可以通過該體系中純氫氣放電而消除.將消除積炭使用直流電場的正高壓和負高壓與使用交流電場作了比較，發現直流電場中無論使用正高壓還是負高壓，只有陰極上的積炭可以被消除，而交流電場中兩極積炭均可被消除，反應器壁上的積炭在以上任何情況下均可被消除.基於實驗事實提出了機理假設.消除積炭的量與輸入功率、反應器對電極的直徑比以及電極材料有關
  18. The properties of cn thin films such as their morphology, component, crystal structure and the bonding structure and the relation between those properties and the gas - phase reaction parameters were discussed, showing that the deposition of p - c3n4 thin film is the compete result of various reaction processes in the dynamics balance conditions ; the process of cn films depo sition is diagnosed in situ through the optical emission spectra technique, the effects of experimental parameters on the concentration of the precursors and the gas - phase reactions in the plasma have been obtained ; the main reaction precursors for film deposition identified ; the relation between the characteristics of cn thin films and the reaction process in the plasma is analyzed. the cn thin films deposition under different substrate temperatures in high pressure pe - pld shows that the si atom of the substrate has participated the cn films growth process, based on this the growth mode of cn thin films on the si substrate is proposed. the further experiment of cn thin films deposition on si substrate scratched by diamond as well as covered with fe catalyzer has been attempted, which indicates that changing the dynamics conditions of the surface reaction can alter the growth characteristic of the cn thin films and can enhance obviously the films growth rate

    採用pld技術進行了碳氮化合物薄膜沉積，得到了含氮量為21at的cn薄膜；研究了襯底溫度和反應氣體壓強對薄膜結構特性的影響，給出了cn薄膜中n含量較小、 sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分較少和薄膜中僅含有局域cn晶體的原因；引入脈沖輝光放電等離子體增強pld的氣相反應，給出了提高薄膜晶態sp ~ 3鍵合結構成分和薄膜的含n量可行性途徑；應用pe - cvd技術以ch _ 4 + n _ 2為反應氣體並引入輔助氣體h _ 2 ，得到了含n量為56at的晶態cn薄膜；探討了cn薄膜形貌、成分、晶體結構、價鍵狀態等特性及其與氣體壓強和放電電流的關系，證明了- c _ 3n _ 4薄膜沉積為滿足動力學平衡條件的各種反應過程的競爭結果；採用光學發射譜技術對cn薄膜生長過程進行了實時診斷，得到了實驗參量對等離子體中活性粒子相對濃度和氣相反應過程的影響規律，給出了cn薄膜沉積的主要反應前驅物，揭示了cn薄膜特性和等離子體內反應過程之間的聯系；採用高氣壓pe - pld技術研究了不同襯底溫度條件下cn化合物薄膜的結構特性，揭示了si原子對薄膜生長過程的影響，給出了si基表面碳氮薄膜的生長模式；在金剛石研磨和催化劑fe處理的si襯底上進行cn薄膜沉積，證明了通過控制材料表面動力學條件可以改變碳氮薄膜結構特性，並可顯著提高晶態碳氮材料的生長速率。
  19. All vanadium redox flow battery is a new - style and environmentally friendly energy storage battery that has many characteristics such as instant recharge by replacing the spent electrolytes, discharged at large current density, really fully discharged ( 100 % ), increasing storage capacity easily, a theoretically unlimited life, sim - ple operation and maintenance. therefore, it is undergoing a exciting development and commercialization. however, there are still some questions to be solved during its commercialization, such as how to prepare highpurity vanadium electrolyte, to enhance its energy density and efficiency, to improve its charge / discharge performance. so it is very important for improving the perfoemance of vanadium redox flow battery and its commercialization to select adaptive electrode materials, to investigate the mechanism of the electrode reaction and to select some additives

    如何制備高純度的釩液流電解質、進一步提高釩電池的能量密度和效率，提高其充放電性能，是釩電池實用化過程中需要解決的問題。因此，選擇合適的電極材料，進一步探討釩離子的電極反應機理，研究釩電池在充放電過程的變化，適當選擇並探討添加劑對釩電池電行為和性能的影響，對進一步改善和提高釩電池的電性能以及釩電池的實用化具有重要的理論意義和實用價值。
  20. It is proved that the new technology is feasible, but 4 important problems must be solved by test, viz, behavior of iron ion in anode ; influence of iron in electrolyte on current efficiency, cathode quality, and the allowable concentration of iron ion ; the optimal concentration of sulphuric acid in electrolyte ; the optimal method of removing iron ion in electrolyte

    但是要進行工業生產，必須經過試驗研究，解決好4個問題，即陽極中鐵的行為；電解液中的鐵離子對電流效率的影響和陰極析出質量的影響，鐵離子的最高允許濃度是多少；電解液中硫酸的最佳濃度是多少；電解廢液中的鐵離子採用什麼方法進行凈化最經濟。
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