面法線角 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [miànfǎxiànjiǎo]
面法線角
英文
normal interfacial angle-
Considering that the enterprise cannot research the " customer - enterprise " value deeply, on the basis of that, the paper puts forward evaluating system of customer value in the enterprise according to value contribution, applies ahp to analyze weight of the indexes in consultation with marketing management and selling personnel of the enterprise and relevant experts and then exert clustering analysis and sas software to classify the customers according to the current value and potential value, provide the strategies of the customer classification management. in addition, any resource is exiguity, including economical resource. this paper defines economical resource, puts forward the model of optimum distributing resource and utilizes the method of linear regress equation to get result, which to grope for a new method about calculating marketing expenditure
本文首先界定了客戶和客戶價值的含義，同時闡述了關系營銷中客戶價值的理論以及客戶價值的影響因素，針對目前「客戶?企業」價值的研究還不成熟的研究現狀，以及現實中還沒有定量分析客戶價值大小的方法，本文提出了一套具有可操作性的客戶價值評價的指標體系，對客戶可以進行比較全面的、多角度的評價，同時採用ahp法對這個評價體系中的各指標因子賦以合理的權重，然後運用聚類分析法和sas統計軟體對客戶群進行了科學地細分，在此基礎上幫助企業制定出不同細分客戶群組的營銷策略；除此之外，考慮到目前企業對于營銷資源的合理分配問題還沒有進行過深入地討論，本著企業經營的根本目的是盈利的原則，論文結合經濟學原理以及計量經濟學中的多元線性回歸分析提出了實現利潤最大化的營銷資源配置的優化模型，旨在探索一種銷售費用最優配置的方法。The angle drawn at the point of incidence ( intersection of ) a reflected ray and the normal line perpendicular to the reflecting surface
中義光線在物體表面的投射點上反射出來的光線與物體表面垂直法線所夾的角度。The position and size of the monochromator, focusing curvature radii and tilting angles of the germanium focusing monochromator under different different take - off angle, size and divergency of the second collimator and intensity loss due to the use of it were determined. the neutron flux at different wavelength, under different reflection and take - off angle of the monochromator and divergency of the first collimator, were given. the simulation on the aperture used for limiting beam size in front of the sample showed that, smaller the size of the aperture and further the distance from the aperture to the sample, greater the loss of the intensity and more serious the spread of the beam along vertical direction at the sample position which makes the practical sampling volume greater than expected
用蒙特卡羅模擬方法對中子應力衍射譜儀的設計方案進行了優化研究，提出了一系列可供參考的數據：確定了單色器的位置、尺寸、垂直聚焦單色器在不同起飛角下的聚焦曲率半徑和傾角；討論了第二準直器的尺寸和發散，以及使用第二準直器造成的強度損失；給出了在不同單色器反射面、起飛角、中子波長和第一準直器發散度的情況下樣品處的中子注量率，以及多種組合情況下譜儀的解析度曲線；對限束方孔的尺寸、距離樣品遠近對強度損失和測量中的影響做了深入研究。The reflector can increase the neutron flux obviously and the main processes of the neutron yield in reflector are spallation reaction induced by energetic hadrons and ( n, 2n ) reaction. when the moderator height is equal to the distance between the upper part and the lower part of the split target, the total neutron flux of the split target will be higher by 20. 1 % than that of the integral one. secondly, the high - energy neutron escaping from the target will enter into the moderator and be slowed down
得到經水慢化器慢化后，中子通量在慢化器厚度與高度方向上的分佈；比較了水與液態氫的慢化能力以及中子在水、液態氫、液態甲烷這三種慢化器慢化后的能譜；在csns的靶站設計中，引出慢中子的導管不完全位於慢化器中子引出面的法線方向上，因此進一步計算了中子通量角分佈。For example, the administratively monopolized access regulation that caused the upper section ( railway network operation ) and lower section ( the transportation businesses ) integrated ; the relatively closed investment mechanism that at first mainly depended on government allocation, then mainly relied on railway ' s building fund ; the price regulation that controls the right of price setting strictly and keeps a low price level for a long time ; the income distribution regulation that with its income and expense carried out in two separate ways ; finally, the regulation framework that with the roles wrongly arranged and with inadequate supervision and lagged legislation
由此可以看出，我國鐵路規制體制的計劃經濟痕跡非常明顯：在進入上，實行「上下一體」的行政性壟斷；在投資上，實行先以國家為主而後以鐵路建設基金為主的相對封閉的投資體制；在運價上，國家嚴格控制定價權，並長期以來保持低價位；在收益分配上，實行收支兩條線的清算制度；最後，在規制的組織架構方面，不僅角色錯位，而且缺乏監督，立法滯后。The algorithm first works out the plane rotation angle of a single human lace and then uses interpolation to make changing rotation to draw a normal human face
首先計算出人臉的平面旋轉角度，然後利用雙線性插值的思想，推導出一種便於編程、速度快的插值方法進行旋轉變換，將其矯正為正面端正人臉。The algorithm builds voxel between neighboring slices of volume data, then gets density of a certain substance by experience. after setting threshold for surface of the substance which we want to get, and computing triangle mould of every voxel cube by use of linearity interpolation, the algorithm represents the surface of the substance as the form of triangle mesh
該演算法通過在相鄰的體數據切片之間構建體素，根據經驗獲得某一種物質的密度值，設定待求物質表面的閾值，利用線性插值求出每一個立方體體素的三角剖分的構型，進而將整個物體表面以三角型網格的形式表示出來。The optical characteristics for stn - lcd with film compensation are determined mainly by the anisotropy of refractive index of liquid crystal material, the distribution of director in liquid crystal layer, the orientation of polaroids and the compensating films " orientations and their optical retardations
膜補償stn - lcd的光學傳輸特性主要取決于液晶材料的折射率各向異性（ n _ e和n _ o ） 、液晶層中指向矢（ director ）沿層面法線的分佈、前後偏振片的方位角和補償膜的方位角及光學延遲。Thirdly, based on the thought of motion - based ambiguity resolution, a bi - satellite attitude determination method using non - planar baselines is developed making full use of the satellites ’ geostationary property. focused on movement mode demands, the dissertation brings forward a method by large angle yawing movement accompanied with small angle pitch vibration to efficiently solve the rank deficiency problem of vehicle planar motion
再次，在基於運動解模糊的思想基礎上，充分利用北斗衛星對地靜止的特性，提出了一種非共面基線的雙星定姿方法，並重點分析了對運動特性的要求，提出通過伴隨小幅俯仰擾動的大角度偏航運動方式來有效解決載體平面運動的觀測矩陣秩虧問題。Engineering drawing has always been labeled as a practical subject. a combination of geometrical, building. mechanical and electrical drawing, it relates between theory and the picture of reality. engineering drawing will provide an accurate and complete ptcture for every object tn terms of shapes and sizes. usually, it is taught using the face - to - face teaching mode even in an odl environment. due to its nature, some students may find difficulty in imagining and interpreting the drawings. however, the availability of sophisticated technology provides the opportunity for the learning of engineering drawing to be enhanced via online. a web - based system for teaching and learning engineering drawing was developed based on a constructivism model. the web - based system is tailored for several topics of engineering drawing such as orthographic projection, sectional view, isometric and oblique drawing at the secondary level. the learning strategy consists of multiple phases beginning with introduction, concept learning, engineering drawing method, application and exercises. during introduction, students will be exposed to an overview of the topic followed by learning of specific concepts. the system provides a learning environment that allows engineering students to view objects from different angles, such as third angle projection and first angle projection as well as views of plans, side and front elevations. after learning about the concepts, students wilt be guided through the various steps in drawing methods for each topic via animations and simulations. learners are able to view any section repeatedly. examples of real application of engineering drawings were also given using graphic, animations and video. to evaluate students understanding, exercises were given at the end of each session
工程制圖一直被認為是一門實踐性學科，其整合了幾何學、建築、力學、電子制圖等，從而將理論與現實圖像聯系起來，工程制圖能為每個不同形狀、尺寸的物體提供精確的、完整的圖像.通常，即使在開放與遠程教育環境中，工程制圖的教學也是通過面對面的教學模式來進行的.由於其特殊性，一些學習者可能難以想象並解釋這些圖像.然而，尖端的技術使得可以通過在線的方式加強工程制圖的學習.研究者基於建構主義模式開發了一個面向工程制圖教學和學習的網路系統.該系統適用於幾種工程制圖，例如展開圖、刻面圖、等角圖和斜角圖.學習過程包括導論、概念學習、工程制圖方法，以及應用與練習等階段.在導論階段，系統為學習者提供了專題簡介，然後是概念學習階段.系統所提供的學習環境允許工程專業的學生從三維透視、一維透視、平面圖、側立面、正立面等不同角度來觀察物體.經過概念學習階段后，系統將引導學生通過動畫和模擬學習每個專題中制圖方法的不同步驟，學習者也能重復觀察任何剖面.另外，還通過圖像、動畫和視頻等方式展示真實的工程制圖應用案例.最後，為了評價學生的理解能力，在每部分內容後面都附有相關的練習To fulfill the need of the application of rp technique in medical domain, reverse cad modeling from medical cross sections is systematically studied in this dissertation. firstly, some algorithms related to the research of this dissertation are studied. new algorithms for orientation and inclusion test for simple polygon, an error constrained automatic faring algorithm for b - spline curve and a theorem regarding the termination criterion for subdivision of triangular bezier patch are proposed
本文針對rp技術在醫學領域應用的需要，系統研究了基於醫學斷層輪廓數據的反求cad建模理論和方法： （ 1 ）在基礎演算法研究部分，提出了簡單多邊形方向及點在多邊形內外判斷的新方法、三角b zier曲面片離散的誤差控制定理和一種帶誤差約束的b樣條曲線的自動光順方法； （ 2 ）提出了一種基於相鄰層輪廓相似性的醫學斷層輪廓數據曲面重構方法； （ 3 ）提出了一種稱為「虛擬測量」的曲面模型處理方法。This method rounding the keen vertexes on the plane antennas fits for not only wide slot antennas and bowtie antennas but many other plane ones. the method is not applied first in the thesis ; however, the foregoing papers did not do some summarizations on it
這種在天線尖銳頂點處倒圓角來改善天線性能的方法不僅僅適用於寬槽天線和蝴蝶結天線，對很多平面天線也是適用的，此論文並非第一個應用本方法的工作，但是前人並沒有對此進行總結，本文總結的這一改善天線性能的方法得到多篇已發表的文獻支持。2 ) through many numeral experiment, using the crack face ' s slant angle and azimuth angle as parameters, we found some relations between three - dimension fractal parameters and two - dimension fractal parameters in rock mass : ds = ( 1. 0 + 0. 031 ) * dl + ( 1. 0 + 0. 0395 ), ns = nl, v = 1. 5986 * ( 2 - dl ) - 3. 2935 * sin ( st ) + 3. 8263, and found a way to speculate three - dimension fractal parameters from two - dimension fractal parameters. lt is the foundation to describe the distribution laws of crack face in rock mass by the observing results through rock mass section crack, 3 ) this paper constructed the three - dimensional fractal emulation theoretical system and erected three - dimensional fractal emulation model about crack face in rock mass 4 ) a emulation system about crack face in rock mass is developed by vc + +, it includes the function to get section plane chart and section block chart from three - dimensional network chart automatically, and some of the emulation examples is given
2 ）通過大量數值試驗，以巖體裂縫面的傾角與方位角為紐帶，分析得出了巖體裂縫面數量三維分形分佈參數和巖體裂縫跡線二維分形分佈參數的關系： d _ s = （ 1 . 0 0 . 031 ） * d _ l + 1 . 0 0 . 0395 ， n _ s = * n _ 1 ， = 1 . 5986 * （ 2 - d _ l ） - 3 . 2935 * sin （ st ） + 3 . 8263並提出了由二維分形幾何參數來推導三維分形幾何參數的方法。為通過巖體剖面裂縫直接觀測結果，描述巖體裂縫面分佈規律奠定了基礎。 3 ）本文構建了巖體裂縫面的三維模擬理論體系，建立了巖太原理二大學周眨d二研究生學位論文體裂縫面的三維分形模擬模型。Secondly, based on cutting edge geometric model and machining mode of mk6335a grinder, the rake face with constant normal rake angle and flank face with constant orthogonal clearance angle models of ball - end cutters are discussed. the cutting geometry angle parameters are solved and analyzed. moreover, the tool paths models of wheel which grinding are builded and the post - processing technique for coordination transfer is studied
然後，基於刃口曲線模型、五軸數控磨床刃磨運動方式和微分幾何的直紋面概念，本文推導與建立了具有等法前角的前刀面和具有等主后角的后刀面的球頭立銑刀數學模型，並對球頭立銑刀的刀具角度如刃傾角、主前角、法后角、主偏角等參數進行了求解與分析。Solving the elliptic grid generation together with an algebraic method marching along the normal - to - wall direction, viscous grids around complex geometries are generated. the inner - layer grids with the algebraic method is othogonality and easy to control the distance to the wall. according to the hilgenstock, the source items are calculated to control the othogonality and spacing of grid lines on boundaries
法向外推方法生成的內層代數網格具有很好的正交性，可隨意控制網格至物面距離，確保邊界層內有足夠多且密的網格；外層網格採用hilgenstock方法，根據網格線角度和距離與期望值之間的誤差不斷進行源項修正，實現網格對邊界正交性和距離的雙重控制，保證了網格的合理分佈並具有較高的質量。All algorithms that introduced hi my paper focus on the hollow hull of object, and the calculations are a series of intersection of face and line that have no ply. and by employing the topology information that come with the points since their generation, we can get the surface polygonal mesh without triangulation and reduce the time used in reconstruction of visual hulls and help to realize real - time rendering
本文提出可見殼的生成演算法都是建立在無厚度的平面直線求交計算上，完全避免了對物體內部的冗餘區域的計算，同時利用物體表面點集與生俱來拓撲信息，恢復物體表面的多邊形網格，在一定精度范圍內可以避免對散亂點集進行三角剖分，減少可見殼的生成時間並有助於實時繪制的實現。Taking suspension bridge anchor of runyang highway bridge as project background in this paper, considering undulating angle of rock mass structural plane, angle of mean square root slope method is established by exerting fractal geometry theory. fractal dimension of profile of rock mass structural plane is calculated by above method. and roughness degree is described quantitatively, furthermore correlativity between fractal dimension and roughness coefficient ( jrc ) is analyzed
本文以潤揚大橋懸索橋錨碇摩阻力研究為工程背景，運用分形幾何理論，從巖體結構面起伏角的角度出發，建立了均方根坡度角法測算巖體結構面剖面輪廓線的分維數，定量描述其粗糙程度，並分析了分維數與粗糙度系數jrc之間的相關關系。The accomplishing method is that the attack angles of aerodynamic forces are made changing along transmission line so aerodynamic forces are made being approximate balance state by spiral winding plastic belt on transmission line
實現的方法是在輸電線螺旋地纏繞橫截面為三角形的塑料帶，使氣動力的攻角沿輸電線的長度方向周期性地變化，使作用在輸電線上的氣動力近似地成為平衡力系。This paper summaries the researches on the new schemes of parameter curves and surfaces modeling - curves and surfaces modeling of trigonometric polynomial, which includes curves and surfaces of t - bezier, t - b - spline, tc - bezier and tc - b - spline. hc - b zier curves and surfaces are also discussed in the space of hyperbolic functions in the end
本文主要對參數曲線曲面造型的一種新方法? ?三角多項式曲線曲面進行了深入研究，其內容主要包括t - b zier曲線曲面、 t - b樣條曲線曲面、 tc - b zier曲線曲面和tc - b樣條曲線曲面。The following is a simple introduction to the thesis ' s main content : 1. error analysis in surface fea variation of errors against the normal angular of surface points is produced about surface fea. a angular is selected according to error of surface fea
下面簡要介紹本文研究的主要內容： （ 1 ）曲面有限元計算的誤差分析在對曲面的有限元計算產生的誤差分析中，得出了曲面有限元計算的誤差和曲面上相鄰兩點法線夾角的關系。分享友人