高中子通量 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [gāozhōngzitōngliáng]
高中子通量
英文
high neutron flux-
In this thesis, the development of emulsion polymerization theory and related new technologies are comprehensively reviewed, and the synthetic technologies of acrylate latex modified by organosilicon both at home and abroad are also reviewed. based on the current development and research in this field, attentions of this study are focused on three ways for preparing novel acrylate latexes modified by organosilicons, that is, 1 ) the acrylate monomers are copolymerized with unsaturated silicons by emulsion copolymerization ; 2 ) a new latex with microphase separation morphology is synthesized, which shows a core - shell structure character ; 3 ) soap - free polymerization is explored for preparing a higher - performance latex using an unsaturated silicon monomer, different acrylates and a reactive emulsifier. by using techniques of delaying addition of organosilicon monomer and a hydrolysis inhibitor, the hydrolysis and condensation of 3 - ( trimethoxysilyl ) propyl methacrylate during polymerization can be effectively prevented, as a result, organosilicon content in the macromolecular chain is increased
同時採用有機硅單體延遲滴加及添加水解抑制劑等技術，有效防止了-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷在乳液聚合過程中的過渡水解及縮合反應，提高了聚合物大分子鏈中有機硅鏈節的含量；利用紅外光譜與差示掃描量熱儀對產物分子結構進行了表徵，並通過對共聚產物力學和吸水率的測試，證實了本研究所制備的有機硅改性丙烯酸酯共聚物具有比純丙烯酸酯聚合物更優良的力學及耐水性能；從分子設計角度出發，利用醇解反應合成出水解、縮合反應速率較慢的兩種新型不飽和有機硅單體： ?甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三乙氧基硅烷和?甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三異丙氧基硅烷；利用核磁共振對新型硅烷單體結構進行了證實；研究表明利用新型硅烷單體可以制備出高硅烷含量的有機硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液，且其聚合產物具有較高的力學及耐水性能。By making some assumptions, collision frequency were presented. then the the flocculation kinetics model was established through population balance equation. comparison of experimental data and modeling results indicate that there are the same trend between the two. so the model can predict floes number and size during flocculation of yellow river ' s loess particles without using empirical parameters. the tem and sem were used to obsever floes in the study of floe structure. the flocculation was divided as flocculi, floc and floe aggregate. the floes structure model was established by assumption that particles position in floe accords with tetrahedron. the fractal dimension of model and experimental floes was found to be coincidentso the model can reflect the structure of flocs formed in flocculation of yellow river ' s loess particles by macromolecule flocculant at a certain extent
最後，本文還對絮凝動力學和絮體結構進行了研究，在前人研究的基礎上，針對高分子絮凝黃河泥沙，對絮凝過程作了一些符合試驗條件的假設，建立了顆粒碰撞頻率表達式，應用了顆粒數量平衡方程，從而建立了絮凝過程的動力學生長模型，模型計算結果與試驗數據對比表明，二者趨勢一致，在沒有使用經驗參數的情況下基本上能夠描述黃河泥沙絮凝過程中絮體數量和尺寸分佈的變化過程；對絮體結構的研究中，應用掃描電子顯微鏡和透射電子顯微鏡對絮體進行了觀察，將絮體分為絮粒、絮團和絮網三個不同的生長階段，通過假設顆粒結合位置符西安建築科技大學博士學位論文合正四面體，建立了絮體結構模型，計算得到的模型絮體分形維數基本與試驗中的實際絮體相符，在一定程度上能夠反映高分子絮凝黃河泥沙生成的絮體結構。In analyzing the neutron active detection, the neutron multiplication in the nuclear warheads induced by outer neutron source with different neutron energys is studied with numeral simulation, and the feasibility of through counting neutrons to determine the presence of high enrichment uranium ( heu ) in nuclear warhead has been proved. the method of detecting the warhead which contains heu pit by counting the released neut rons whose energy is higher than that of source neutron is studied. the feasibility of this method has been studied
對幾種主動探測核彈頭方法進行的研究中，首先對不同能量各向同性外源中子照射核彈頭的中子增殖行為進行了數值模擬，檢驗了用外源中子照射核彈頭后，通過測量瞬發中子在核彈頭中的增殖量，來證明核彈頭中高濃鈾存在的可行性；研究了用能量低於1mev的外中子源照射核彈頭，用測量核彈頭中裂變產生的高於源中子能量中子數的方法探測核彈頭，通過數值模擬分析了可行性。The study conducted research on the following four fields : firstly, the characteristics of the interfacial polymerization system of piperazine aqueous solution / trimesoyl hexane solution were systematically investigated. the results show that at a certain molar ratio between the two monomers, piperazine and trimesoyl, at the two phase interface, a dense functional layer of ultra low pressure, high permeating flux and high salt rejection formed by controlling the time of interfacial polymerization, such as the composite membrane ( i ), the concentration in water phase is 0. 4 %, and 0. 1 % in organic phase, and the polymerization time is 1 minute
本文主要進行了四個方面的研究，首先系統分析和研究了哌嗪水溶液均苯三甲酰氯正己烷溶液界面聚合體系特徵、界面聚合反應中各影響因素對膜性能的影響等，結果發現，當界面處兩相單體（哌嗪和酰氯）分子摩爾比為某一比值時，通過控制界面聚合時間（有機相處理時間） ，可以形成超低壓高通量高脫鹽的緻密功能層，如復合膜（ ） ，水相濃度為0 . 4 ，有機相濃度為0 . 1 ，聚合時間1min 。The amazing character of the quantum capacity of gaussian channel is that planck constant h takes over the place of input power restriction of classical capacity
高斯通道量子容量的迷人特徵是普朗克常數h取代了經典容量中輸入信號功率限制條件的位置。This project which is based on the demand of increasing the electron tube ’ s qualities totally and reducing the manufacture cost has done a large amount of investigative work as follows to improve and perfect the technologies for the important part of electron tube manufacture ? the grid surface processing : on the surface processing of the molybdenum grid, the primary purpose is to reduce thermionic emission and secondary electronic emission of the grid. by the constantly experiment and grabbling the different technology routes, we have successfully developed these new technologies on the tac and zrc electrophoresis and electroplating platinum black of the grid, and made its surface cladding quality very stable and reliable
本課題是基於整體提高電子管的質量和降低生產成本的要求，對電子管生產中的重要部分? ?柵極的表面處理技術進行改進和完善，主要在以下方面進行了深入研究:在鉬柵極表面處理方面，主要為實現降低柵極的熱電子發射和二次電子發射，通過不同工藝路線的不斷試驗和摸索，成功開發出柵極電泳tac 、 zrc和電鍍鉑黑的新工藝，使柵極的塗覆質量穩定可靠。This thesis was divided into eight chapters, and the main results and innovations obtained here can be summarized as follows : ( 1 ) the physics model of tsrs in frequency conversion crystals has been built up firstly. based on quantum - mechanical viewpoints and the following physical processes and parameters : the two - photo interaction of light with matter, paraxial diffraction of stokes, langevin noise sources, reflection at the faces and the edges of crystals, gain coefficient, beam aperture, pulse width and fluence of 3, the physics model of tsrs in kdp and kdp crystals acting as high - fluence frequency convector and the paraxial operator maxwell - bloch - langevin equations have been built up
全文共分八章，取得的主要成果及創新點如下： （ 1 ）首次建立了諧波轉換晶體的tsrs物理模型本文根據量子力學原理，在考慮如下物理過程和參量的基礎上：光與物質的雙光子相互作用； stokes光的傍軸衍射； langevin （郎茲萬）噪聲源；晶體表面反射和端面反射；增益系數、光束口徑、脈寬和三倍頻光能量密度，推導出高通量激光在kdp和kd ~ * p諧波轉換晶體中的tsrs物理模型和空間上的近軸算符maxwell - bloch - langevin方程組。The methods reported by g. s. young in 2000, are applied on sea surface sar images featured by three dimensional convective cells. then the following parameters are retrieved from sar images : the characteristic wave length of three dimensional convective cell, the mabl depth, the vertical convective scale velocity, the surface buoyancy flux, obukhov length and the stability correction factor for sar derived sea surface wind speed
針對海洋大氣邊界層中三維對流渦旋sar圖像，用g . s . young在2000年發表的方法，反演三維對流渦旋的特徵長度、海洋大氣邊界層高度、以及海洋大氣邊界層垂直對流尺度速度、表面浮力通量、海面風速穩定性校正因子和obukhov長度。The reflector can increase the neutron flux obviously and the main processes of the neutron yield in reflector are spallation reaction induced by energetic hadrons and ( n, 2n ) reaction. when the moderator height is equal to the distance between the upper part and the lower part of the split target, the total neutron flux of the split target will be higher by 20. 1 % than that of the integral one. secondly, the high - energy neutron escaping from the target will enter into the moderator and be slowed down
得到經水慢化器慢化后，中子通量在慢化器厚度與高度方向上的分佈；比較了水與液態氫的慢化能力以及中子在水、液態氫、液態甲烷這三種慢化器慢化后的能譜；在csns的靶站設計中，引出慢中子的導管不完全位於慢化器中子引出面的法線方向上，因此進一步計算了中子通量角分佈。On the basis of theory analysis, the average transmitted light intensity ( correspond to dc value ) was determined as characteristic parameter of raw water using photoelectric method for monitoring the fluctuation of transmitted light and photometric dispersion analyzer ( pda ). the dc value was closely related to both particle concentration and surface area of sand clay simultaneously. the experimental results shows that there is an exponential function relation between dc and surface area of sand clay in unit volume water ( sp ) : dc = asbp in which a and b are empirical coefficients. then the formula of macromolecule flocculant dosage is found to be d = f ( dc ) = e ( dc ) f in which e and / are empirical coefficients and the average correlation coefficient equal to 0. 981. so the model of automatical control system of water treatment plant was established using the formula
應用透光率脈動檢測技術和光散射顆粒粒度分析儀（ pda ） ，通過理論分析，將pda的輸出信號之一? ?平均透光強度（對應于dc值）作為原水的特性表徵參數， dc值可以同時反映顆粒濃度和比表面積因素的影響，試驗結果證明， dc值與單位體積水中泥沙顆粒總表面積s _ p之間具有很好的冪函數關系： dc = cs _ p ~ d ，式中c 、 d為經驗系數，進而得到了以dc值為參數的高分子絮凝劑投藥量公式： d = f （ dc ） = e （ dc ） ~ f ，式中： e 、 f為經驗系數，平均相關系數達0 . 981 ，利用所建立的公式，建立了前饋? ?后饋聯合控制的在線自動投藥模型。The high precision time - interval measuring instrument ( hptimi ) is manufactured for the rigorous requirement such as high precision, high stability and multi - channels in detonation experiment and particle acceleration experiment
高解析度時間間隔測量儀正是應爆轟物理實驗中高可靠性、高精度和多通道等測量要求而研製的，其使用有助於使爆轟與粒子加速等物理實驗的電子測量技術達到一個新的水平。In the trials of high concentration food wastewater treatment conducted by an anaerobic membrane bioreactor, the flux decline rule of four polyethersulphone ( pes ) uhrafiltration ( uf ) membranes with different surface morphology was investigated with atomic force microscopy
摘要在厭氧膜生物反應器處理高濃度食品廢水的試驗中，藉助原子力顯微鏡分析了四種表面形貌不同的聚醚碸超濾膜的通量衰減規律。Aluminum coagulation pretreatment enhances the uf removal of ha and greatly ameliorates the effect of ha on the membrane flux decline. at ph = 7. 0 the mechanism is adsorption of ha on the amorphous solid - phase al ( oh ) _ 3 ( s ), while at ph = 5. 0 the mechanism is charge - neutralization. in terms of the removal of ha ( toc, uv _ ( 254 ) ) and the membrane flux decline, the effect of coagulation under ph = 7. 0 condition turns out to be much better than that under the condition of ph = 5. 0
Ph = 7 . 0條件下的混凝預處理機理主要是鋁鹽高分子水解產物對腐植酸的吸附網捕作用， ph = 5 . 0時的機理主要是帶正電荷低分子鋁鹽水解產物吸附電中和作用，從toc和uv254的去除率以及膜滲透通量的變化情況來看， ph = 7 . 0條件下的混凝預處理優于ph = 5 . 0 。The main issues of the research are put as following : firstly, with the international comparing of market sharing rate and trading competitive index, it was revealed that wheat in china has inferior international competitiveness with a bit rising during current years, however, which is still behind that of the main wheat export countries. secondly, after the international comparing of the main factors that affect the international competitiveness of wheat, it was discovered that chinese wheat has the obvious cost advantage on unit product, while because of the high circulation fee, it results in inferior advantage on the price ; low and unstable quality is another factor which leads to inferior wheat competitiveness ; the input of fertilizer and labor makes little impact on the productivity of chinese wheat, while the input of seeds, irrigation and machine makes a strong impact, so it should be more invested in seeds, irrigation and machine to reduce wheat ' s unit cost. the assistant industries of the wheat, such as breed, production materials and processing industries, have inferior international competitiveness and lagged development
其次，通過對影響小麥國際競爭力的主要因素的國際比較發現：中國小麥單位產品生產成本具有明顯優勢，但由於較高的流通費用，導致在價格上不具有優勢；小麥質量較差、品質不穩定是導致中國小麥國際競爭力較低的主要因素；生產要素中化肥和勞動力投入對中國小麥生產力水平的影響程度較小，而種子、灌溉和機械投入對小麥生產力水平的的影響程度較大，因此小麥生產投入要以增加種子、灌溉和機械的投入為主，代替大量的化肥和勞動力投入，進一步降低小麥單位產品成本，增強中國小麥國際競爭力；中國小麥的上下游輔助產業（包括品種資源、生產資料和加工業）的國際競爭力較弱，發展較為滯后；中國小麥生產者的組織化程度較低嚴重製約了中國小麥質量的提高、流通費用的降低和加工業的發展；小麥生產經營活動本身的特點決定了在充分發揮市場機製作用的基礎上，必須通過政府的宏觀調控來克服其市場機制的失靈，保障市場機制有效運行，但通過國際比較研究發現：中國政府在生產者支持、市場體系建設和國際貿易政策上對小麥的支持水平較低，與提高中國小麥國際競爭力的要求有較大差距，尤其是較低的生產者支持水平和市場體系建設程度制約了中國小麥國際競爭力的提高。By measuring high - fold prompt - ray coincidence events following the spontaneous fission of 252cf, the high spin states in very neutron - rich 113ru nucleus have been studied. furthermore, some isomers in neutron - rich odd - a nuclei 107 ， 109 ， 111 ， 113ru have been analyzed
通過對252cf自發裂變產生的瞬發譜的測量，對極端豐中子核113ru的高自旋態進行了研究，並對豐中子奇a核107 ， 109 ， 111 ， 113ru的低激發態同質異能態進行了分析。To investigate the space / time distributions and occurrence and evolution of such events, the diffusion pattern over deserts, turbulent transfer features in sandstorm weather, the particle size distribution, mass concentration and its distribution, optic properties, chemical composition and physical factors responsible for the initiation of raising sands, we made integrative observation and sounding of sandstorms deep in the large - scale desert area, including tengri, badanjilin and maowusu, with the items consisting of micrometeorological measurement, 3d wind observation, data from kb - 120 and anderson samplers of mass concentrations of sands with their spectrum, the distribution of aerodynamic particle sizes from the aps3310a, retrieval of aerosols " optic depth from sunphotometer data, assay of the chemical composition by means of neutron activiation analysis ( naa ) and integrated study of all related factors for causing sandstorm to occur, based on the observations of all kinds
利用所取資料，系統分析了不同強度沙塵天氣條件下沙塵氣溶膠質量濃度和質量濃度譜、粒子譜分佈、光學厚度、化學組分等特徵；綜合分析了影響沙塵起動的諸物理因子在沙塵起動中的作用；用沙塵輸送模式對一次沙塵暴天氣造成的泥雨過程的形成機制進行了模擬。歷史氣象資料統計分析表明，沙塵暴有其高發期（ 4 、 5月）和高發時段（ 14 - 20時） ， 14時到20時之間發生的沙塵暴約占沙塵暴總次數的66 。揚沙和沙塵暴天氣條件下，湍流動量通量和湍流感熱通量都是重要的湍流交換，沙塵暴發生前近地層的超絕熱不穩定對沙塵暴天氣有加強作用。Of the currently available coolers for electronic products with a high heat flux, microchannel heat sinks have been proved to be able to provide the best heat transfer performance and are one of the most promising coolers. the manifold microchannel ( mmc ) heat sink has many advantages such as low thermal resistance, compact structure, little amount of coolant, low flow rate, uniform temperature distribution along the flow direction and many others, so it is able to provide the best heat transfer performance : lowering the maxmal temperature and the temperature difference
在目前高熱通量電子產品冷卻器中，微通道熱沉已被證實是傳熱性能最佳且最具應用潛力的冷卻方式之一，而歧管式微通道熱沉因具有低熱阻、結構緊湊、所需冷卻液量小、沿流動方向溫度分佈均勻等優點則成為減小電子元器件換熱表面最高溫度、降低溫度變化的一種有效方法。Sige simox : oxygen ions with high dose were implanted into sige grown directly on silicon substrate for the first time, and sige - oi novel structure was formed successfully with additional high temperature annealing ; it has been confirmed that oxygen implantation with 45kev, 3 1017cm - 2 and annealing at 12500c in ar + 5 % o2 for 5 hours, are fit for the formation of sige - oi structure ; ge loss during the high temperature annealing has been observed, which is originated from ge volatility and ge diffusion ; it has been proposed to use nanoporous layer induced by h + / he + implantation to surppress ge diffusion and to use surface oxidation to overcome the upper limit of sige simox. sige smart - cut : hydrogen ions were implanted into sige material and followed by high temperature process ( 4000c to 7000c ) ; blistering study was done and suggested the possibility of sige layer transfer by smart - cut technology ; it is concluded that the bubble formation is easier in sige than in si, and the strain in sige / si and the difference of binding energy in sige and in si could possibly contribute to this effect. behavior of sige / si implanted with hydrogen : gave a detailed study on sige implanted by beamline or phi hydrogen implantation ; it has been found that great strain is introduced into sige by hydrogen implantation and this strain could be alleviated by high temperature annealing ; both for conditional beamline implantation and piii hydrogen implantation, 600 is appropriate for the post - implantation treatment
Sige - simox工藝方面：首次採用硅（ 100 ）襯底上直接外延的100nm厚sige的樣品中注入高劑量的o離子，通過退火處理成功制備了sige - oi新結構，即sige - simox工藝，證實了以45kev注入3 10 ~ （ 17 ） 7cm ~ （ - 2 ）劑量的氧離子，隨后在氧化層的保護下經1250 ， ar + 5 o _ 2氣氛的高溫退火（ 5小時）過程，可以制備出sige - oi新型材料；實驗中觀察到退火過程中的ge損失現象，分析了其原因是ge揮發（ ge通過表面氧化層以geo揮發性物質的形式進入退火氣氛）和ge擴散（ ge穿過離子注入形成的氧化埋層而進入si襯底中） ，其中ge擴散是主要原因；根據實驗結果及實驗中出現的問題，對下一步工作提出兩個改進的方案：一是通過在si襯底中注入適量h ~ + / he ~ +形成納米孔層來阻斷ge擴散通路，二是可以通過控製表面氧化來調節安止額士淤丈撈要表面sige層中的ge組分，從而部分解決sigeAt first, the effect of the target on the neutron flux is discussed to determine the optimal proton energy, target material, shape and dimension by using the high - energy particle transport code nmtc / jam
首先利用高能粒子輸運程序nmtc jam計算了入射質子能量、靶的材料、形狀、尺寸以及靶與慢化器耦合對中子通量的影響。The main topics in this thesis are as following : presenting details of the microbeam facility, mc 2000, microscope stage, venus - 1 language, modeling on the control program based on the requirements analysis, the control structure and flow chart, the main frame for the integrated program, utilizing acti vex control to implement serial communication between the computer and mc 2000, seamless integration between vb application and matlab, probing into some factors that may influence the controlling precision and providing some methods to solve them
與此同時，對實驗過程中產生的一系列實驗數據進行必要的分析，為進一步進行離子束生物工程中的誘變方向性問題和估計低劑量電離輻射的生物體效應研究提供理論依據。作者承擔了微束裝置計算機控制系統的設計工作，完成了asipp微束裝置計算機控制系統的系統設計、主程序以及樣本架控制模塊的設計；提出並實現了提高裝置通量的相關優化策略等。分享友人