actual profit 中文意思是什麼
actual profit
解釋
實際利潤-
Another study compared the actual use of fertilizers by farmers in puebla, mexico, with an estimate of the profit maximizing use.
另一項研究將墨西哥普埃布拉農民的實際化肥用量與利潤最大化時的估計量作了比較。 -
This article contains three parts, five chapters. the first part introduces the incentive models of actual bonus stock synoptically, analyses the stock on hand, option shares and stock option, the three kind of important incentive models, on rights and incumbencies, value and the incentive guidance by contrast. the second part discusses the difficulties and influential factors in the design of technical bonus stock, quests for the incentive models of technical bonus stock, analyses superiority and inferior position in action, difference and interosculation between them, discusses the need and significance for the technical bonus stock reanimation in the middle - small technicalfilms. in order to make use of the technical bonus stock distribution mechanism fully, inspire the talent of technologists, encourage their devotion to films, we have some important discussion on the technical bonus stock distribution policy, introduce the distributed models of technical bonus stock, point out the questions in the excutive course, and offer the solution correspondingly. in the third part, we discuss the technical stock option design on middle - small technical films, and consider the logical thoughtfulness in the course of reanimation as follows : the more outstanding achievement for the powered man the more increase on special target the lower price on technical option premium the more profit the more effective reanimation. in the parameter, a set of detailed program is designed, which includes establishment of incentive fund, institution of merit system for the plan ' s grantors, award of stock option, determination of premium, so as to reduce random in the incentive course, have a great effect on the mormative management for the
本文內容共分為五章三大部分，第一部分概括性地介紹了現行股權激勵方式，對現股、期股和期權這三種重要的激勵方式，從權利義務、價值和激勵導向三個方面進行了對比分析；第二部分探討了技術股權設計的難點和影響因素，討論了我國中小科技企業技術股權激勵的方式，分析它們在激勵中的優勢和不足，以及它們之間的區別與聯系，並對中小科技企業實施技術股權激勵的必要性和意義進行了探討。在文中還重點討論了中小科技企業技術股權分配的策略，介紹了技術股權紅利分配方式，指出在技術股權激勵過程中應注意的問題，並提出相應的解決辦法，目的在於充分利用技術股權分配機制，來激發技術人員潛在的創新能力，激勵他們為企業作貢獻；第三部分著重探討了中小科技企業技術股份期權的方案設計，在激勵方面，按照技術期權獲受人的業績越突出特定的指標增長越快行權價越低獲利越多激勵效果越好的邏輯思路進行考慮；在參數設計方面，對技術期權計劃中激勵基金、授予和考核、行權價格等參數進行了詳細地分析設計，旨在減少技術期權激勵過程中的隨意性，為中小科技企業的規范化管理起到一定的指導和借鑒作用。 -
Comparative statement of actual and estimated profit and loss
預期損益與實際損益比較表 -
Accrual - basis, balance sheet reflects a company ' s financial conditions from inventory amount angle. income statement and profit appropriation statement reflect a company ' s financial conditions from current amoun t angle on accrual - basis. and statement of cash flows reflects factors affecting the ability of a company repay its maturity debts and its amount on cash - basis, that is to say, statement of cash flows changes profit on accrual - basis into actual profit on cash - basis ( cash or items equal to cash )
資產負債表以權責發生制為基礎編制，從存量的角度反映企業的財務狀況和經營成果；利潤及利潤分配表則以權責發生制編制基礎，從動量的角度反映企業財務狀況經營成果變動的原因；現金流量表又以收付實現制為編制基礎，從動量的角度反映影響企業償還到期債務的能力變動的具體因素及其影響數量，即現金流量表就是把以權責發生制為基礎的利潤調節成以收付實現制確認的現實的利潤（現金及現金等價物） 。 -
Around the central issue of how raise the chain building materials supermarket management, with the marketing management, the serve marketing theory etc. as guide, regard improving the marketing management of the building materials supermarket of the chain as the starting point, surrounded in the center of how structure with modern chain building materials supermarket characteristic management system of marketing, analyzed the insufficient that the building materials supermarket of the chain existed during marketing management at present. base on the consumption habit of the local consumer, regional actual conditions, and combine with my working experi ence in that firm, i have carried on the deep investigations, adopted the demonstration and reiteration method, have systematically studied the relation of the inner marketing, the serve marketing strategy, 4p ' s marketing tactics, the strategy of corporate image, the customer satisfied, enterprise profit ability existed direct relevant relation in the building materials supermarket of the chain and propose a competitiveness model against chain building materials supermarket., thus proposes some feasibility suggestions in improving the marketing management and the key competitiveness of the building materials supermarket
筆者圍繞著如何提高連鎖建材超市的營銷管理工作這一中心問題，以營銷管理學，服務市場營銷學等理論作為指導，以提高連鎖建材超市的營銷管理工作為出發點，圍繞著如何構建具有現代連鎖建材超市特點的營銷管理體系為中心，針對目前連鎖建材超市在營銷管理中存在的問題和不足，立足於歐倍德連鎖建材超市無錫店當地消費者的消費習慣，地區環境等實際情況並結合筆者在該單位工作的一些經驗和體會，進行了深入的調查研究，採用實證、規范相結合的方法，系統地研究了連鎖建材超市的內部營銷，服務營銷戰略， 4p營銷組合，企業形象戰略，顧客滿意，企業盈利能力之間存在的直接的相關關系，並提出了一個針對連鎖建材超市特點的競爭力模型，從而為改進連鎖建材超市的營銷管理，不斷提高連鎖建材超市的核心競爭力提出一些可行性建議。 -
The said bank ' s credit risk is the possibility of suffering losses or making no profit on the operation of loan fund, which is the result of all kinds of uncertain factors deviating the actual profit of the business entity ( the borrower ) from her budget
所謂銀行客戶信用風險就是指由於經濟活動中種種不確定因素影響，使經濟主體的實際收益目標與預期收益目標發生背離，從而導致銀行在經營活動中信貸資金遭受損失或獲取收益的一種可能性程度。 -
This index is higher, investor can gain actual profit taller, and the real income that turns yield and investor nearly 7 days years, still put in the distance with certain move
這個指標越高，投資人可獲得真實收益就越高，而近7日年化收益率與投資者的真正收益，仍存在著一定的距離。 -
The analysis and processing of information is lack of unified standards, information resource is not made full use of, and is not integrated and systematic. because of phenomena above, on the one hand the enterprises have not actual and integrated information resource to make a decision and give guidance for sale - behavior, on the other hand a great deal of valuable information can not be used effectively. as a result, the efficiency of the behavior of production and management is very low, and the enterprise cannot obtain desirable profit in this article we discuss how to collect, transmit, analyze and process sale - information of enterprise manufacturing passenger car
在對典型客車生產企業的調研情況進行分析研究的過程中，可以看出，目前客車生產企業存在信息傳輸手段嚴重滯后，信息的分析處理缺乏客觀統一的標準，信息資源的綜合利用率低，信息資料的系統性、完整性差，以致於客車生產企業一方面缺乏完整準確的信息資源為生產經營過程的決策行為提供依據，指導企業營銷行為；另一方面，大量的信息資源又缺乏有效的管理和利用，造成信息的巨大浪費，經營活動的效率水平低下，企業的經濟效益沒有充分實現。 -
In view of the strategical importance of the philosophy ' s theoretical thoughts the thesis probes into the combination of philosophy ' s theoretical thoughts and the actual economic activity under the guidance of economic philosophy ' s thoughts, with the kernel of the best economic benefit and with the purpose of the seeking the highest profit
鑒于油氣資源的戰略重要性，本文以經濟哲學思維為指導，以最佳經濟效益為核心，以追求最高利潤為目標，探究了哲學理論思維與現實經濟活動的結合部。 -
In this part, it has studied the construction of our aviation transportation through the analysis for its compressive market, the product difference, the entering and dropping out obstacle, etc. the marketing characteristic of oligarch monopoly in the aviation transportation has obviously appeared. in this condition, the aim of the government regulation should be that, to maintain the profit of the consumer, and reduce the monopoly profit. in section three, through the analysis and research work to the actual effect brought by our regulation policy, it has pointed out that this kind of government regulation has greatedly blocked the trade development
首先，在第一部分中簡要介紹了管制的概念及有關的管制理論；在第二部分中，介紹了我國航空運輸業的發展現狀，並且通過對我國航空運輸業市場集中、產品差異、進入與退出障礙等情況的分析，對我國航空運輸市場的市場結構進行研究，指出我國航空運輸業已經呈現出明顯的寡頭壟斷市場特徵，在此種情況下，政府管制應該是以維護消費者的利益，降低企業的壟斷利潤為目標；在第三部分中，通過對我國航空運輸業政府管制政策所帶來的實際效果的分析和研究，指出我國航空運輸業的政府管制已經嚴重地阻礙了我國航空運輸業的發展；第四部分則是通過研究和借鑒國外航空運輸業管制和放鬆管制的經驗和教訓，以「有效競爭」市場作為標準，對我國航空運輸業管制改革提出一些新的思路。 -
In addition, it has the capability to trace the change of actual profit and loss of shanghai composite index, therefore it offers guidance to investors
對上證綜指的實際損益變化具有一定的跟蹤能力，從而能對投資者提供操作的指導。 -
Sgs expressly denies liability for all damages for loss of opportunity, loss of revenue, loss of actual or anticipated profit or other consequential loss arising either directly or indirectly from reliance by the client or any other person on the content and conclusions of this report
我的譯文:由於送樣方或其他人對該報告的內容及結論的信任所產生的機會的損失、稅收的損失、實際或預期利潤的損失以及其他相應的損失， sgs不負有賠償責任。 -
Due to overburden left by improper system and lack of effective supervision on operation, china ' s banks found in pain when they confront with the competitions from their foreign counterparts. index of profitability, such as actual profit growth rate and profit margin, show that china ' s banks rank a low level, irrespective of their giant assets scale
通過與全球其他大的銀行比較可以發現，我國商業銀行的綜合實力和競爭能力相對較弱，在稅前利潤、實際利潤增長率、資本利潤率、資產收益率等反映經營效益的指標排名中都屬於世界同業中等偏下的水平。 -
4. after changing the short - term profit function to possion jump process, in the view of that the derivated partial differential equation of the option pricing which different from black - scholes partial differential equation still is that interest rate is constant ( 4. 2 ), the model which does not accord with the real market under the assumption. at last, we derivat a new model of option pricing whoso profit rate is possion jump process under stochastic interest rate ( 5. 13 ), this model not only changes the form of the short - term profit function of the stock price model and avaids the simplization of the profit rate function the unusual flunction sources bring about, but also relaxes the basis assumption of black - scholes option pricing model and makes that the partial differential equation builds the foundation which even approaches the actual market
4 、將短期收益率函數由確定函數修改為possion跳躍過程后，文[ 15 ]推導出的期權定價偏微分方程（見方程4 . 2 ）雖然推廣了black - scholes期權定價偏微分方程，但此時依舊假設利率是常數，這與實際生活中的不符，我們研究了一個隨機利率下短期收益率函數是possion跳躍過程的期權定價模型（見5 . 13 ） ，該模型既改變了股票價格波動源模型中短期收益率函數的形式，避免了異常波動源帶來的收益率函數的簡單化。 -
During recent years, under the positive push of the “ golden card engineering ” and the “ web - based universalizing ”, the phony credit card business in chengdu arrives at the best level in history. however, there are many problems in actual operation and management from both subjective cognition and objective facts. the emergency problem for icbc chengdu branch is how to expand its market share and how to get more profit by decreasing the operation cost
2002年以來，在市場經濟發展和「聯網通用」工程的推動下，成都地區牡丹信用卡主要業務指標連續創歷史最好水平，但是，無論是在工商銀行系統內排名還是在成都地區同業間排名，都比較落後，主要問題是發卡規模小，卡片使用效率低，收益總體水平不足，反映出成都地區牡丹信用卡業務在主觀認識、客觀條件和實際經營管理方面與行業先進水平相比存在著相當大的差距。 -
However, different level extents of earnings management can lead to different results. for example, if the earnings management is supported by actual profit, it is beneficial for both the firms and other interest - related parties
而盈餘管理行為直接影響的就是企業對外披露的會計信息，因此，如果沒有充足的現金流保證的真實業績作為支撐，盈餘管理行為就會造成嚴重的負面影響。 -
According to the fundamental national condition of our country, from the long - term interests that safeguards numerous people and prime increase and interest and actual profit set out before masses of give attention to two or morethings, for happiness of promotional family civilization, the harmony that realizes environment of population and economy, society, resources develops
根據我國的基本國情，從維護廣大人民群眾的長遠利益與根本利益併兼顧群眾的眼前利益與現實利益出發，為增進家庭文明幸福，實現人口與經濟、社會、資源環境的協調發展。 -
Half year before the default was found, the default probability has high relevance with asset solvency and receivable turnover, profit earning capability and cash flow. high discriminate ratio was achieved in the models ’ actual testing
因此，企業有可能將有利於自己而不利於銀行的虛假信息傳遞給銀行，銀行則不可能完全觀察企業的行為和根據雙方的風險類型而簽訂有效的借貸合同。 -
According to actual conditon for united aluminum radiator company, ltd, first, research is taking customer lead as center, regards enterprise strategy as the starting point of sale work, on the layer surface of strategic sale, have emphasized that enterprise sale goal does not be to get profit merely, more important is to win customer value, so, have revealed the inevitable connection between sale program and enterprise strategic program
最後，研究了企業營銷規劃在實施過程中定價策略、分銷策略、產品策略，並依據現有狀況下營銷實踐提出了對目前存在問題的解決方案。按論文提出的思路和方法堅持執行，企業的營銷規劃工作將進入一個有組織、有計劃、執行力和控制力能夠平衡發展的優化新局面。 -
( 2 ) the thesis offers an actual case using the income approach to assess the value of the shipping enterprises that appear on the market and make profit, hi the course of valuation, the grey system theory is employed to forecast the future income of the shipping enterprises
（ 2 ）用實例演示收益現值法在上市盈利航運價值評估中的應用，其中用灰色系統理論對航運企業未來收益進行預測，用加權平均資本成本模型和資本資產定價模型確定折現率。
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