cause-and-effect relationship 中文意思是什麼

cause-and-effect relationship 解釋
因果關系
  • cause : n 1 原因，起因；緣故，理由，根據，動機。2 【法律】訴訟事由；訴訟案件；訴訟程序。3 事業，事項，事...
  • and : n. 1. 附加條件。2. 〈常 pl. 〉附加細節。
  • effect : n 1 結果。2 效能，效果，效力，效應，作用，功效；影響。3 感觸，印象；外觀，現象。4 旨趣，意義。5 ...
  • relationship : n. 1. 親戚，親戚關系。2. 關系，聯系。3. 〈委婉語〉男女關系〈指男女之間的曖昧關系〉。
  1. The noumenal and non - noumenal factors of the primitive buddhism are based on the relationship of the cause and effect, assisted by inevitability and chanciness, and to be the refined elements of thought with the target at extrication

    原始佛教的本體和非本體因素是以因果關系為依託，以必然性和偶然性為輔助，以解脫為目標的精緻思想元素。
  2. As to the main points that constitute the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damage, four aspects are included : first, aggression upon one ' s spirit is the presupposition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; second, a certain case of spiritual damages is the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; third, the infringer ' s the subjective fault ( intentional or negligent ) is the subjective condition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; last, the relationship between the infringer " s action and the case " s consequence should be that between cause and effect, which is the causality condition

    就精神損害賠償責任的構成要件來說，它包括四個方面的內容：第一，精神損害侵權行為是行為人承擔精神損害賠償責任的前提；第二，一定的精神損害事實和後果是承擔精神損害民事責任的客觀要件；第三，侵害人主觀上有過錯（故意和過失）是承擔精神損害賠償責任的主觀條件；第四，精神損害行為和損害後果之間有因果關系是承擔精神損害賠償責任的必要條件。對于精神損害賠償的范圍，世界各國的立法規定大不一樣。
  3. The rule of balancing out increase and decrease, being available in both abstract and concrete damages for breach of contract, is applied when the following are satisfied, ( 1 ) there stands a debt of damage for breach of contract, ( 2 ) the aggrieved party gains some profits, and ( 3 ) there is cause and effect relationship between breach of contract and the profits

    損益相抵規則、過失相抵規則、減損規則，是違約方損害賠償的重要的限定規則，對這三種限定規則，這一部分主要論述了其內涵、適用條件。損益相抵規則的適用條件有三，一是違約損害賠償之債已經成立，二是受害方受有利益，三是違約行為和利益之間具有因果關系；損益相抵專屬于損害賠償問題，在抽象損害賠償和具體損害賠償中都有其適用。
  4. The discontinuous flow prevention and control technology under the conditions of dry season is an issue of extremely complicated, numerous affecting factors and high nonlinear cause - and - effect relationship

    枯季徑流條件下斷流防治技術是極其復雜的、影響因子眾多的、高度非線性映射（因果）關系的問題。
  5. Based on the comprehensive research on the theory and practice of insider trading in foreign countries, hong kong and taiwan, the thesis puts foreword that the assumed liability system shall be applicable to insider trading in line with the general tort theory. in consideration of the constitutional elements, the thesis also brings forward that the damage facts shall be measured by actual loss, the deduction of cause and effect : relationship shall be regulated in line with law, and that the existence of default shall be inferred from the strict objective standard

    在對國外和我國港臺地區關于內幕交易民事責任理論和實踐進行綜合比較的基礎上，本文依據侵權責任的一般理論，提出內幕交易侵權責任應適用過錯推定責任原則，在內幕交易民事責任要件方面提出以實際可得財產損失確定損害事實、以法定的推定方式證明因果關系、以嚴格的客觀標準來判斷過錯存在的基本作法。
  6. From the third part, we know that joint act of tort should have the general constituent element of infringement, that is, unlawful act, injury fact, relationship between cause and effect, and subjective fault

    第三部分，從共同侵權行為應先具備一般侵權行為的構成要件這一立足點出發，首先研究了一般侵權行為的四個構成要件，即違法行為、損害事實、因果關系、主觀過錯。
  7. To explore and make clear the background factor of the behaviors, the dynamic relationship and cause - effect relationship between organizational politics perceptions and consequential behaviors. this paper, based on the five theories related to power at different levels, personal perspective, strategy contingency theory, social exchange theory and structural theory. there appear several problems in the development of key disciplines and processes of crossing and assimilating of subjects, including system tie, the character of scientists, the problem of administers, which influence the development and construction of subject, through abstracting, summarizing and based on “ swot ” analytical model from the theory strategic competition by michael baud, we divide organizational politics behaviors in the organizational development of college subjects and crossing and assimilating of subjects into several sorts : including ( 1 ) offensive model ( 2 ) defensive model ( 3 ) strengthening model ( 4 ) shrinking model

    為探索和理清重點學科組織政治行為的背景因素，組織政治知覺與后續產生的組織政治行為的動態關聯性與因果關系，本研究以五種不同層次與權力相關的理論，即個人特質理論觀點（ personalperspective ） ;策略權變理論觀點（ strategycontingencytheory ） ;沖突理論觀點（ conflicttheory ） ;社會交換理論觀點（ socialexchangytheory ） ;結構化理論觀點（ structurationtheory ）為基本理論依據，將重點學科學科發展以及學科交叉與融合過程中出現的諸如體制束縛、科學家自身素質、管理層問題等影響學科建設與發展的共性現象進行提煉、總結，並依據「邁克爾?波特」的戰略競爭理論學說中的「 swot 」分析模型，將大學學科組織發展及學科交叉與融合中存在的組織政治行為進行提練歸類，分為（ 1 ）進攻型; （ 2 ）防守型; （ 3 ）增強型; （ 4 ）退縮型四類政治行為。
  8. According to the relationship of cause and effect concerning the blood - transfusion - related hepatitis infection, it should be recognized that infection is resulted from the blood transfusion as long as the blood - supplying stations or medical institution can either prove that the suffer has been infected though other channels during a certain period of time after the blood - transfusion

    D對于輸血感染丙肝的因果關系認定，只要采供血機構、醫療機構不；能證明受血者在輸血前已經感染或者輸血后一段時間內有其他途徑感染丙肝，即認為受血者感染丙肝系輸血所致。
  9. As far as this study is concerned, the education level of the culturists and the vertical connection have the cause - and - effect relationship with the food safety activities of the culturists

    4 、在本文研究范圍內，養殖戶的學歷和參與產業內縱向聯系與否對其質量安全行為有因果關系。
  10. In order to pave way for the analysis in the 3rd and 4th chapters, 6 theories on capital market and economic growth are introduced, including effective market hypothesis, finance deepening theory, finance binding theory, regional growth polar theory, economic growth phases theory and regional exploration mode theory. analysis of relationship between capital market and regional economic growth indicates that they interact as both cause and effect and mutually promote one another

    在第一章資本市場與經濟增長的理論中，主要是為了第三、四章提供理論依據，介紹了有效市場假說、金融深化論、金融約束論、區域增長極理論、經濟成長階段論和區域開發模式六個理論，分析了資本市場與區域經濟增長互為因果、相互促進的關系。
  11. The component elements of civil responsibility of eliminating danger in environment pollution should be consistent with that of environmental administrative liabilities. i. e, the illegality of the behavior, the element of faults in subjective aspects and the inevitable cause - and - effect relationship between behavior and harmful outcome are required

    摘要「排除危害」環境污染民事責任在構成要件上應與環境行政責任一致，即具備行為的違法性、主觀方面有過錯的要件，且要求行為與危害後果之間存在必然的因果關系。
  12. However, the findings cannot demonstrate a cause - and - effect relationship

    報道說，日本研究人員的這些發現是以相應的
  13. Others viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause - and - effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains to be shown

    因為注意到被動吸煙與癌癥之間的因果關系還有待證明，其他人均以謹慎的態度看待這些發現。
  14. The conception for the institution of a civil liability system against the manipulation of the securities market is : acts of manipulating the securities market belongs in the category of infringement of rights ; the principle for the liability system is the presumption of fault ; the third party suffering losses as a result of the manipulation can raise claims of compensation ; the cause - effect relationship between manipulation of the market and losses are to be established through two links ; and there must be a reasonable method for calculating the compensation for losses

    摘要我國證券市場操縱行為民事責任制度建構設想是：市場操縱行為民事責任屬于侵權責任；其歸責原則是過錯責任原則，實行過錯推定；在人為操縱市場時，因買入或賣出該種有價證券而受損的善意第三人可提起賠償之訴；市場操縱與損害之間的因果關系是通過兩個關系鏈建立的；損失賠償額須有合理計算方法。
  15. There seems to be a natural cause - and - effect relationship berween optimism and success

    樂觀和成功之間似乎有一種天然的因果關系。
  16. We want to know the cause - and - effect relationship, so that we can understand how, when and why things happened

    我們要知道過去的人如何生活，這樣我們才能從過去的背景了解現況。
  17. Based on a case study of yuan county government, we concluded that the implementation capacity will be enhanced when cause - and - effect relationship and vertical integration among indicators are enhanced

    每個部門也要因應組織整體策略，設計各自部門計分卡，以支持、落實組織的整體策略。
  18. James jones, m. d., of the cdc ' s chronic viral diseases branch, says despite extensive research, no cause - and - effect relationship between an active infectious agent and chronic fatigue syndrome has been established

    疾病控制中心慢性病毒性疾病分部的jamesjones醫師說道，盡管做了大量的研究，目前沒有任何感染性病原體與慢性疲勞綜合征建立起因果聯系。
  19. Rule 1. causal statements must clearly show the cause and effect relationship

    規則1 ：因果關系的陳述必須清楚的顯示出因和果的關系。
  20. The component elements of infringement of claim include : ( 1 ) subjective intention ; ( 2 ) objectively has carried out the act which infringes the claim ; ( 3 ) the infringing act has the nature of illegality ; ( 4 ) has caused harm to the claim of the creditor ; ( 5 ) there is cause and effect relationship between the infringing act and the consequence of harm

    侵害債權的構成要件包括： （ 1 ）主觀上為故意； （ 2 ）客觀上實施了侵害債權的行為； （ 3 ）侵害行為具有不法性： （ 4 ）造成了債權人債權的損害； （ 5 ）侵害行為與損害後果之間具有因果關系。
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