common-law corporation 中文意思是什麼

common-law corporation 解釋
股份公司
  • common : adj 1 共通的，共同的，共有的。2 公眾的；公共的。3 普通的，通常的，尋常的，平常的。4 平凡的，通俗...
  • law : n 勞〈姓氏〉。n 1 法律，法令；法典。2 法學；訴訟；司法界；律師（界），律師職務。3 （事物或科學的...
  • corporation : n. 1. 團體；協會，公會；法人；（市）自治體。2. 〈美國〉（股份有限）公司 （＝jointstock corporation）。3. 〈口語〉（凸出的）大肚子。
  1. Once controlling shareholdensbreach his fiduciary duty, the common law provides minorities the rights of direct suit and derivative suit. then, the minorities can request the court to order the controlling shareholder responsible for the damages, or to make an injunction, or to declare the corporation decision void. and the minorities can also exercise their appraisal right of dissenting shareholders

    當控制股東違反其信義義務時，英美法給小股東提供了直接訴訟和派生訴訟的權利，小股東可以請求法院判決控制股東承擔民事賠償責任，或請求法院發布禁令，宣布公司的決議無效；小股東還可以行使異議評估權，就公司的重大決議提出異議並公司收買或補償其持有的股份後退出公司。
  2. Different corporation laws in different countries all have made corresponding arrangements on procedure, for example, the systems for the plaintiff shareholder : credentials inspecting system, lawsuit fee guaranty system, pre - suit requestor etc. since in the present " corporation law ", the responsibility system of director and senior staff is not perfect, and, the inner supervising mechanism exists in name only, so, it almost becomes a common understanding that it is necessary to introduce and constitute shareholders derivative suit system

    各國公司法對此均作了相應的制度安排，如對原告股東的資格審查制度、訴訟費用擔保制度、訴前請求程序等。由於我國現行《公司法》下，董事、高級職員的責任體系頗不完備，內部監督機制形同虛設，對于導入和構建股東派生訴訟制度的必要性，幾已達成共識。
  3. A public college is funded under the administrative order and possesses the qualification of a corporation from the founded day on only by the law registration can a private college possess the lawful qualification the common corporations besides its own peculiarities

    學校在民事法律關系中是以法人的身份出現，公立高等學校依行政命令設立，自成立之日起就取得法人資格，私立高等學校則必須經過法人登記后才能取得法人資格。
  4. Corporation laws therefore should establish a system to deal with those substantial or procedural flaws inherent with the defective incorporation and the system should focus on safety and efficiency of transactions. the two major law systems have accomplished theories and institutional arrangements in this regard. the civil law in principle denies the legal personality of defective incorporation, while traditionally the common law granted the legal personality to these corporations either basically or conditionally but now it is inclined to basic acknowledgement

    本文試圖運用比較法學等研究方法，對公司瑕疵設立制度進行系統地研究，分析公司瑕疵設立制度的基本理論、比較兩大法系對公司瑕疵設立的態度及具體的制度安排，並評述我國公司瑕疵設立制度的不足，提出完善我國公司瑕疵設立制度的建議，從而更好地維護公司、股東和債權人的利益，保障交易安全和增進交易效率。
  5. When the incorporation has some defectives, the " de facto corporations " and " corporations by estoppel " in common law is conditional ratification of a legal entity, while the invalid incorporation system in roman law is to deny the status of a corporation by suit

    在公司存在設立瑕疵的情況下，英美法系的事實公司以及禁反言公司是對公司人格的有條件承認，大陸法系的公司設立無效制度則是通過訴訟方式否認公司人格。
  6. By the description of the common law system fiduciary duty, the author wants to emphasize the fiduciary duty in establishment and operation of corporation, which can benefit company legislation of china, even the whole civil law system countries

    筆者通過對英美法系信義義務的闡述，強化信義在公司發起設立乃至公司運轉中的約束力量，以期對我國乃至大陸法系的公司立法有所啟發。
  7. This mechanism originated in common law. the principal justification for permitting derivative suit is that it provides a device by which shareholders may enforce claims of the corporation against managing officers and directors of the corporation

    立法上的缺陷導致實踐中股東尤其是中小股東的利益因董事等的違法行為損害公司利益而間接受到損害時，卻無法得到司法救濟的尷尬局面。
  8. It deals with both the chinese legal system and the common law system as in commonwealth countries, including contract law, property law, corporation law, labor law, taxation law and consumer protection law

    它涉及中國法律系統和發達國家的一般法律系統，包括合同法，財產法，公司法，勞動法，稅法和消費保護法。
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