crystal diameter 中文意思是什麼
crystal diameter
解釋
晶體直徑-
In allusion to some types of the functional fibre s performances and characters the paper mainly has this fibres microstructure scanned by electron microscrope. in addition we also discuss their differences of microstructure eroded by the plasm. meanwhile by performing mechanics analysis we get theoretical analysis of their space - conglomerating structure. finally we perform analysis of the ultraviolet radiation and analysis of the caloricr weightlessness. as a result these types of fibre not only keep their own fine traits, but also own good conglomerating structure, crystal limit, calorifics performance and mechanics performance. compared with the ordinary fiber, the neatness of high - contracted polyester fiber increases and it s diameter also increases. there are bubbles in the burning - resisting viscose fiber and it has smooth vertical structure
對應子高收縮的滌綸纖維的平整度有所提高，有較普通纖維變粗的趨勢；在難燃粘膠纖維裏面有氣泡，其具有較明顯的光滑平整縱向結構；滌綸系列棉纖維，在其耐刻蝕方面是比較強的，僅有均勻的小部分刻蝕現象；抗菌衛生級粘膠纖維的刻蝕效果是較差的：難燃的粘膠纖維，刻蝕的效果最好；而抗紫外粘膠纖維刻蝕的效果略有遜色。 -
Environmental mineral fibre mainly points crude minerals like sepiolite and palygorskite species layer - chained magnesian silicate, which have excellent physical - chemical properties and are rare environmental mineral materials in the world nowadays because of the rigor of their form conditions. the single crystals of palygorskite are mostly acicular and fibrous, 30 - 80nm of crystal diameter, and are typical crude nano - rank materials
環境礦物纖維主要指以海泡石、坡縷石類層鏈狀鎂質硅酸鹽為主的天然礦物，具有優良的物化性能，由於其形成條件苛刻，為世界性稀缺的環境礦物材料，其單晶多為針狀、纖維狀，晶體直徑為30 - 80nm ，屬典型的天然納米級材料。 -
The experimental results show that the cycle of the mother liquid increases the yield of the product, the seed crystal can improve long - diameter ratio remarkably, the proper additive reduces the speed of crystal growth and make size distribution homogenize. through appending different seed crystal and bivalent lead at one time, we may receive when the content of the seed crystal is 0. 075 % and pb2 + is 20 - 50ppm, the yield of the basic magnesium chloride whisker is high and crystal shape is good. the surface active agent can improve dispersion performance of the basic magnesium chloride whisker
研究結果表明：母液循環可以提高堿式氯化鎂晶須的產率；添加晶種可明顯的改善晶形；合適的添加劑可以降低晶體生長速度並可提高晶須的粒徑分佈；而同時加入不同用量的晶種和pb ~ （ 2 + ） ，試驗結果表明晶種含量在0 . 075 ， pb ~ （ 2 + ）在20 50ppm時，晶須的產率高，晶形好；表面活性劑對產品的分散性能有所改進。 -
The paper adopts weighing to measure the change of crystal diameter. in growing, the crystal is weighed in an interval t, by right of the relation between diameter and weight, diameter error is figured out
對晶體直徑變化的監測，本文採用上稱重的方法，在晶體生長時，以一定的時間間隔t ，稱取晶體的重量，利用晶體直徑與重量之間的函數關系，計算出直徑的變化量。 -
The liquid encapsulated czochralski technique for growing gaas is receiveing considerable attention because it is capable of producing, at reasonable cost, large diameter semi - insulating gaas has a use in the production of gaas integrated circuits, and for this application it must have uniform properties over the whole area of a wafer cut from a grown crystal
目前，液封直拉技術生長gaas單晶獲得了廣泛關注，因為它能夠以合理的成本生產大直徑的半絕緣單晶。半絕緣材料是生產集成電路等微電子器件的良好材料，而這種應用就要求整個晶片具有很高的均勻性。 -
The phase structure, the lattice constant, crystal grain diameter of the samples was obtained by the x - ray diffractions ( xrd ) spectra. their relations are showed respectively. influence of grain size on the lattice constant of several kind of phase structure was studied theoretically by interaction energy between atoms in nanocrystallites
其次，從結合能的角度出發，研究了nacl結構和cscl結構的離子晶體，面心立方（ fcc ） 、體心立方（ bcc ）金屬晶體以及簡立方（ scc ） 、面心立方（ fcc ） 、體心立方（ bcc ）結構分子晶體的晶粒線度對晶格常數的影響。 -
Furthermore, the growth and the study of self - organized quantum dots structures become more and more important recently, and the application of self - organization technique become wider and wider in this thesis, we address the theory of film growth and the growth technique firstly more, the ways and characteristics of surface detection are prescribed we mainly report the growth process, results and discuss of self - organized quantum dots structures in the a12o3 substrates by s - k mode using ecr - mocvd, in the espd - u device the growth art of ain epilayer which is the preliminary foundation of self - organized gan / ain quantum dots structures, including the substrate cleaning, nitridation, the growth of buffer and the growth of gan and ain epilayer, is discussed we deliberately compare the test result of rheed xrd and afm and achieved the optimalized condition of ain at last we have successfully realized the growth of ain which is much smooth and better crystal quality moreover, we grow the self - organized gan / ain quantum dots structure in s - k mode because the limits of the heater temperature, we can not grow the atom - smooth epilayer of ain until now so we could not grow better quantum dots which have small diameter and big density but the self - organized quantum dots structures with better quality will be realized successfully if the substrate temperature is increased the thesis study belong to my tutor subject of national nature science foundation ( 69976008 )
本論文主要論述了在espd - u裝置上，採用電子迴旋共振等離子體增強mocvd （ ecr - pamocvd ）方法，在藍寶石襯底上通過s - k模式自組裝生長gan aln量子點結構的生長工藝、結果及討論。而重點分析了自組裝生長量子點之前的aln外延層生長工藝，包括襯底清洗、氮化、緩沖層的生長和gan 、 aln外延層的生長；通過高能電子衍射、 x射線衍射和原子力顯微鏡測試，並且對這些測試結果進行了詳細的比較研究，得出了較優化的工藝條件，生長出了晶質較好、表面較平整的aln外延層；進而採用s - k模式自組裝生長了gan aln量子點結構。由於實驗裝置加熱爐溫度的限制，我們沒有能夠生長出原子級平滑的aln外延層表面，因而沒能夠生長出密度比較大和直徑比較小的量子點。 -
Through the man - machine interaction system which consisted of lcd ( liquid crystal display ) and keyboards, we can select welding parameters, such as the way of welding, diameter of the wire, wire feed speed, current, voltage and so on
主要過程是:通過lcd （ liquidcrystaldisplay ）與鍵盤組成的人機交互系統選擇已存儲在單片機flash中的焊接參數，包括焊接方法、焊絲直徑、送絲速度、焊接電流、焊接電壓等。 -
The influence of nano - al2o3 on the sintering and the properties of the si3n4 ceramics was researched in this paper. the samples with different amount of nano - al2o3 were obtained by using pressureless sintering at 1600, 1650, 1700 in the nitrogen atmosphere. the microstructure and the composition of the ceramics were determined by the means of x - ray, sem, micro - hardness meter etc. it is show that the sisty ceramics can be densified at 1650c to % percent of the theory density through the addition of nano - al2o3 ( the value could be 90 percent by other technique ). the crystalline growth of the cylindrical - si3n4 and the ratio of its longitude to its diameter are increased with the addition of nano - al2o3. a uniform microstructure and an fined crystal as well as more sialon phases can be obtained in the si3n4 ceramics through the addition of that
實驗結果表明：在碳管爐中、氮氣保護下進行燒結，添加劑為納米al _ 2o _ 3粉末時，由於納米粉末的高活性、高燒結驅動力，在1650就可使si _ 3n _ 4完全地燒結，並使其緻密度可達理論密度的96以上（比其它工藝高6左右） ；同時，納米al _ 2o _ 3地加入大大促進了長柱狀? si _ 3n _ 4的生長和發育及柱狀晶長徑比的提高，使微觀結構均勻、細化，形成了更多力學性能優異的固體? sialon相，減少了不利於陶瓷材料性能的晶間玻璃相，凈化了晶界。 -
So in one hand it requires the wafer ' s diameter to be more large in order to enhance the productivity, and on the other hand it puts forward more strict requirement about the crystal perfection and electricity character. especially the electronic character and the equality of micro - area in the crystal wafer has become the key factor to determine whether the device can be made on it or not. so the resistivity measurement of micro - area become one most important procedure in the chip machining. to ensure the produce quality of chip and the perfect performance of final production, the four - probe testing technology need to be deeply studied
圖形日益微細化，電路尺寸不斷縮小，目前ic製造以8英寸、 0 . 13 m為主，預計在2007年左右將以12英寸、 65nm為主，這一方面要求圓片直徑不斷增大以提高生產率，另一方面對晶體的完美性、機械及電特性也提出了更為嚴格的要求。特別是微區的電學特性及其均勻性已經成為決定將來器件性能優劣的關鍵因素。因此，微區電阻率的測試成為晶元加工之中的重要工序。 -
( 3 ) we explore photorefractive screening solitons and characters of beam transmission in sbn : 61 : cr crystals. the dependence of beam diameter at the crystal output face on applied field is presented. and influences of the limiting space charge field of the crystals on the experimental results are analyzed
（ 3 ）初步研究了兩塊不同摻cr濃度的sbn 61 cr晶體中的屏蔽型空間孤子效應，以及不同外加直流電場作用下光束在晶體中的傳輸，給出了晶體出射表面處光斑直徑隨外電場的變化曲線，並分析了晶體中空間電荷場的飽和效應對實驗結果的影響。 -
Tem was used to consecutively investigate the size and appearance of dibasic lead phosphite in the reaction process. it found that nanocrystal grain of lead oxide phosphite hydrate had favorite direction in the mlps method, many nanocrystal grain in near area would aggregate and assembled as nanowire, the diameter of the nanowire was about a crystal grain size and the length of nanowire could reach hundreds of nanometers, then they would gather to needle or bar like particles
利用tem對二鹽基亞磷酸鉛在反應過程中粒子的大小、形貌進行跟蹤觀察，並記錄下三個時間下的微粒照片，發現用微液相合成法制備的二鹽基亞磷酸鉛晶粒在生長團聚時存在取向規律，同一區域的晶粒會長成一條納米線，直徑有一個晶粒的大小，長度可以達到幾百nm 。 -
From discussing the factors that influence the quality of the single - crystal, a positive method using the floating - boat method from the british mr corp. to control the diameter of the single - crystal was determined, and produced the highest quality low epd single - crystals international
該實驗討論了各種因素對拉制磷化鎵單晶的影響。並確定了一套較優越的拉制方法，制備出了國際上現階段所能達到的最高水平的低位錯單晶。 -
Our sapphire wafer products can be manufactured according to customer specifications. wafer thickness, diameter up to 6 inches, crystal orientation, surface finishing and secondary flat can be customized upon request to suit a variety of commercial applications
我們可以因應客戶特殊需求，提供不同的厚度、晶面方向、拋光要求及次平邊等客制規格產品，甚至直徑達6英寸的精準平行度晶圓，以滿足多種產業應用的需求。 -
Main research contents and achievements of this thesis is as follows : l. this paper carries through particular test and analysis to the basic physical - chemical properties of gaojiawang palygorskite, an environmental mineral fibre, by xay, ir, tem, sem etc. this paper has also discoursed upon the development appliance research status in quo and directions of palygorskite. 2. according to the preceding surface modification research achievements to nonmetal mineral materials, the author combines the self characteristics of palygorskite such as the ratio of length and diameter, typical nano - rank particle diameter, big ratio surface area, well - developed crystal growth imperfection and lattice defect etc. the author also designs organising modification ortho - experimentation of palygorskite by adopting iso - propyl alcohol as thinner of wd - 51 and ndz - 401, and acquires the best craft parameters and craft conditions for gaojiawang palygorskite original ore organising modification, namely : wd - 51 concentration 1. 6 % ( wt % ), modification temperature 120 ?, and modification time 60 mins ; ndz - 401 concentration 2. 0 % ( wt % ), c modification temperature 120, modification time 80 mins
在前人對非金屬礦物材料表面改性的基礎上，結合環境礦物纖維?坡縷石自身的特點（如：長徑比、典型的納米粒徑、大比表面積、發育的晶體生長缺陷和晶格缺陷等） ，通過對坡縷石有機化改性設計正交試驗，採用（ ch _ 3 ） _ 2choh作為稀釋劑，獲得了採用wd - 51和ndz - 401對高家窪坡縷石原礦進行有機化改性的最佳工藝參數和工藝條件，分別為： wd - 51的濃度為1 . 6 （ wt ） ，改性溫度為120 ，改性時間為60min ； ndz - 401的濃度為2 . 0 （ wt ） ，改性溫度為120 ，改性時間為80min 。 -
Using the microwave selective heating property for materials, by setup equivalent equation, and first time inducing the electromagnetic field perturbation theory to the design of heating materials for substrate in mpcvd, three temperature distribution modes were established, including temperature distribution comprehensive mode of inhomogeneous plasma, temperature distribution composite mode of composite substrate materials, temperature distribution perturbation mode of composite materials, which ii provided an whole new technology route to the design of substrate heating system in mpcvd and guided the preparation of heating materials for substrate. and then the heating materials for substrate were designed and optimized to obtain large area homogeneous temperature distribution even larger than substrate holder ' s diameter. as an important part, this thesis researched the nucleation and growth of diamond films in mpcvd, systematically researched the effects of substrate pretreatment, methane concentration, deposition pressure and substrate temperature etc experimental technologic parameters on diamond films " quality on ( 100 ) single crystal silicon substrate in the process of mpcvd, characterized the films qualities in laser raman spectra ( raman ), x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), infrared transmission spectra ( ir ), atomic force microscopy ( afm ), determined the optimum parameters for mpcvd high quality diamond in the mpcvd - 4 mode system
該系統可通過沉積參數的精確控制，以控制沉積過程，減少金剛石膜生長過程中的缺陷，並採用光纖光譜儀檢測分析等離子體的可見光光譜以監測微波等離體化學氣相沉積過程；利用微波對材料的選擇加熱特性，通過構造等效方程，並首次將電磁場攝動理論引入到mpcvd的基片加熱材料的設計中，建立了非均勻等離子體溫度場綜合模型、復合介質基片材料的復合溫度場模型及復合介質材料溫度場攝動模型，為mpcvd的基片加熱系統設計提供了一條全新的技術路線以指導基片加熱材料的制備，並對基片加熱材料進行了設計和優選，以獲取大面積均勻的溫度場區，甚至獲得大於基片臺尺寸的均勻溫度區；作為研究重點之一，開展了微波等離體化學氣相沉積金剛石的成核與生長研究，系統地研究了在（ 100 ）單晶硅基片上mpcvd沉積金剛石膜的實驗過程中，基片預處理、甲烷濃度、沉積氣壓、基體溫度等不同實驗工藝參數對金剛石薄膜質量的影響，分別用raman光譜、 x射線衍射（ xrd ） 、掃描電鏡（ sem ） 、紅外透射光譜（ ir ） 、原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）對薄膜進行了表徵，確立了該系統上mpcvd金剛石膜的最佳的實驗工藝參數。 -
The second harmonic produced by a q - switched nd : yag laser with wavelength e = 532 nanometers ( nm ), pulse width 0 nanoseconds ( ns ) and repetition frequency i = 1 hz was used to bombard a highly pure solid hexagonal bn ( h - bn ) target ( 96 % ), with diameter of 2cm. in a vacuum chamber, boron nitride ( bn ) film was deposited on the single - crystal silicon substrate
利用高能脈沖激光（波長= 532nm ，頻率= 1赫茲，脈寬= 10納秒）在常溫下轟擊燒結的高純六方氮化硼（ h - bn ）靶，在真空反應室中將bn薄膜沉積在單晶硅基底上。 -
By compounding caco3 with pp, the effect of caco3 content, diameter and shape on the crystallization, dispersion morphology and properties of pp / caco3 composites was investigated. the results showed that addition of caco3 into pp decreased the apparent crystal size in perpendicular direction to the ( 110 ), ( 040 ) and ( 130 ) crystallographic planes of ppa crystal, and with similar uniform dispersion of caco3, the dominant factor influencing toughness is the diameter of caco3 particles, but not the decrease of pp crystal size. the toughening effectiveness of nano caco3 is obviously better than that of micron caco3
將caco _ 3與pp進行填充復合，研究了caco _ 3含量、粒徑及形狀對體系的結晶，分散形態及性能的影響，發現碳酸鈣的加入使聚丙烯晶型垂直於（ 110 ） 、 （ 040 ）和（ 130 ）晶面的表觀晶體尺寸減小，揭示了在分散均勻的情況下，影響材料韌性的主導因素不是晶粒尺寸的減小，而是碳酸鈣的粒徑，納米張玲：彈性體及無機剛性粒子增韌增強聚丙烯復合材料的研究碳酸鈣的增韌效果明顯優于微米碳酸鈣。 -
The experiment results indicate that needle - like single crystal with 1mm in length, 60 - 80 in length / diameter ratio can be gained by hydrothermal method
實驗結果表明，利用水熱法可以獲得平均長度為1mm ，長徑比為60 80的針狀羥基磷灰石晶須。 -
The keys for laser crystal to grow in the same diameter are the diameter - measure system and control arithmetic, when crystal grow, the temperature is up to thousands of centigrade, and general diameter measure methods ca n ' t gain high precision, which will depress the total control effects
在激光晶體生長等徑控制過程中，有兩個關鍵環節：測徑數據採集系統和控制演算法。晶體生長是在數千度的高溫下進行的，採用常規的測徑方法，精度不高，這將對整個系統的控制性能產生影響。
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