positive income effect 中文意思是什麼
positive income effect
解釋
積極所得效果-
The empirical results show that the compensation on rice production, rice revenues, and level of rent all had a negative effect on the long - term ratio of rice production adjustment while the ratio of agricultural income had a positive effect
實證結果顯示：稻作補貼、稻作收入、和地租對長期稻米生產調整比率均有負面的影響；農業所得率則有正面影響。 -
The writer pursues such a target : suit requirement of economic development of the socialist market, further reform and perfect system of individual income tax law, improve and enhance collection management, strengthen regulation of persons of high income, and alleviate the unjust antinomy of social assignment, promote social stability, establish continuous and stable increasing mechanism of income of individual income tax, and more availably develop positive effect of the individual income tax in politics, economy and social living, following suggestion is put iv forward so as to realize the target : to practice admixture type of the individual income tax system classifying combining with synthesizing, reasonably determine tax rate and tax deduction standard, standardize taxpayer ' s scope, adjusting and extending the tax base, standardize advance payment system, and establish perfect and scientific modem tax levy & management system the etc., so as to have th
本文筆者力圖追求這樣一個目標：適應社會主義市場經濟發展的要求，進一步改革和完善個人所得稅法律制度，改進和強化徵收管理，加大對高收入廠、碩士學位論文alaster 」 stdis一者的調節力度，緩解社會分配不公的矛盾，促進社會穩定，建立起個人所得稅收入的持續、穩定增長機制，更加有效地發揮個人所得稅在政治、經濟和社會生活中的積極作用。為了實現這個目標提出了如下建議：實行分類同綜合相結合的混合型個人所得稅制，合理確定稅率和扣除標準，規范納稅人范圍，調整和擴大稅基，規范預扣繳制度，建立完善、科學的現代化稅務征管系統等，以期對我國個人所得稅法律制度的修訂和完善有所稗益。 -
From the viewpoint of the interactive relationship between modern pension scheme and productivity, this paper observed the function and prospect of occupational pensions in china within a background consisting of population structure, labor productivity, and finance environment, utilized simulation and scenario analysis in actuarial models to estimate and analyze the effect of occupational pensions in the replacement rate of urban retired employees, then pointed out the magnification effect of occupational pensions in increasing the replacement rate and the higher efficiency in improving retirement income of urban retired employees. it also predicted the size expectation of occupational pensions during 2002 - 2010 in china, described the function of occupational pensions in developing the capital market and improving the labor productivity, especially emphasized the higher probability of occupational pensions to play the role of institutional investors compared with basic pension. in short, this paper proved the positive meaning of developing occupational pensions from micro - level and macro - level respectively, and brought forward corresponding policy suggestions
本文立足於現代社會養老保險制度與生產力之間的互動關系這一視角，把對我國企業年金作用與發展空間的考察置於包括人口結構、勞動生產率、金融環境等諸多因素的經濟大背景下，在精算模型中運用模擬（ simulation ）和情景分析方法，對企業年金對我國退休職工養老保險收入替代率的影響進行了定量分析和預測，指出了企業年金在提高退休職工收入替代率方面的放大作用，以及比基本養老保險在提高退休職工收入方面的更高效率；並對我國企業年金2002年- 2010年的預計發展規模做了預測，闡述了企業年金對我國發展資本市場和提高勞動生產率的意義，著重指出了企業年金較之基本養老保險基金充當資本市場機構投資者的更大可能性。 -
Weather the income tax influence on saving behavior is positive or negative depends on the net effect of income effect and substitute effect resulted by the tax saving
所得稅對儲蓄行為的影響是積極的還是消極的，取決于稅收儲蓄的收入效應與替代效應的相對大小。 -
The main conclusion is that ( 1 ) china ' s acm is incomplete, therefore, the market equilibrium is in low level ; ( 2 ) the operating scale, the income and property, the product investment, the cash expenditure of education and medical treatment are the main factors that affect the credit demand of households in rural china ; ( 3 ) the asymmetry information, the high transaction cost and the lack of effective supply institutes are the main factors that lead to low efficiency of china ' s acm ; and ( 4 ) the agricultural credit has the positive effect on china ' s agricultural production factors demand and agricultural output, consequently, the agricultural credit is the main factor that restrain the increase of agricultural output and agricultural development
本文的基本結論是：中國農業信貸市場正處在發育的初級階段，市場機制仍不完善，農業信貸市場處于「低水平均衡」狀態；農戶是中國農業信貸需求的主體，農戶經營規模、農戶收入和財產狀況、農戶生產投資規模以及教育、醫療等大額現金支出是影響農戶借貸需求的主要因素；非對稱信息、高交易成本、有效供給制度缺乏是造成農業信貸市場低效率的重要因素；中國農業信貸投入對農業投入要素的需求具有正向影響，即增加農業信貸供給，將會提高農業投入要素的需求水平，進而增加中國農業產出，促進農業長期發展。 -
The profit effect that education has leads to the positive correlation between the income and receiving education ; educational unfairness and the unfairness of income distribution exist interactive relation ; if we went improve educational fairness, we must amplify appropriate investment guarantee system
摘要教育具有的收益效應導致經濟收入與受教育的正向關聯性；教育不公平與收入分配不公平間存在雙向互動關系；促進教育公平，必須健全相應的投入保障機制。 -
Many demographic factors such as income, age, gender, occupation and education make effect indirectly by effecting the perceptions. it is the acceptance degree about different sides of gm food that plays the crucial role to attitude of gm food. the empirical results indicate that the more acceptance degree consumer believe gm food can improve quality of fame product, reduce the use of pesticides, protect environment, the more positive the consumer is to gm food
模型回歸結果表明，消費者對轉基因食品能夠改善品質、降低農藥殘留、減少環境污染的確性程度越高越有利於支持轉基因食品，同時消費者對目前普通食品的農藥殘留越擔心、對目前環境狀況越滿意，越有利於支持轉基因食品，轉基因食品的生產成本高低基本不影響消費者的態度。 -
Based on this analysis, the author has the new balanced growth path equation including the variable of rate of population aging. using the new balanced growth path equation, the author proves that acre are both positive and negative effects of population aging on economic growth ; meanwhile the author proves that there is a state in which the effect of population aging on economic growth is zero, regard as critical condition. then the author analyzes the effects of changing the rate of population aging on balanced growth path, output, and labor ' s consumption, and gets the different formulas of standard coefficient of retirements income
在此基礎上推導出包含老齡化因素變量在內的新經濟平衡增長路徑方程；利用新經濟平衡增長路徑方程，證明了老齡化對經濟增長在理論上存在著正負兩方面的作用效應；同時證明了在理論上存在著老齡化因素對經濟增長零作用效應的臨界狀態；分析了老齡化率變動對經濟平衡增長路徑、產出和勞動力消費的影響效應；並給山了養老標準系數的不同臨界點的計算公式。
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