producers surplus 中文意思是什麼

producers surplus 解釋
生產者剩餘
  • producers : 生產者；製片人
  • surplus : n 剩餘，過剩；【會計】結余；【商業】盈餘；公職；〈美國〉（特指政府為了維持價格而貯存的）剩餘農產...
  1. The total purchases include : ( 1 ) agricultu ral and industrial products purchased from producers ; ( 2 ) books, magazines and n ewspapers purchased from distribution departments of the publishers ; ( 3 ) commodi ties purchased from wholesale and retail establishments ; ( 4 ) commodities purchas ed from other units, such as surplus materials purchased from government agencie s, enterprises or institutions, commodities purchased from catering and service establishments, confiscated goods purchased from customs authorities or market management agencies, second ? hand goods and wastes purchased from residents ; and ( 5 ) commodities directly imported from abroad

    商品購進總額包括： （ 1 ）從工農業生產者購進的商品； （ 2 ）從出版社、報社的出版發行部門購進的圖書、雜志和報紙； （ 3 ）從各種經濟類型的批發零售貿易企業（單位）購進的商品； （ 4 ）從其他單位購進的商品，如從機關、團體、企業單位購進的剩餘物資，從餐飲業、服務業購進的商品，從海關、市場管理部門購進的緝私和沒收的商品，從居民收購的廢舊商品等； （ 5 ）從國（境）外直接進口的商品。
  2. High oil revenues have brought double - digit budget surpluses to the gulf oil producers and pushed russia ' s surplus over 6 % of gdp

    而高昂的石油收入為海灣地區產油國帶來了兩位數的預算盈餘，也將俄羅斯的預算盈餘推高至gdp的6 % 。
  3. The total purchases include : ( 1 ) agricultural and industrial products purchased from producers ; ( 2 ) books, magazines and newspapers purchased from distribution departments of the publishers ; ( 3 ) commodities purchased from wholesale and retail establishments of different status of registration ; ( 4 ) commodities purchased from other units, such as surplus materials purchased from government agencies, enterpriese or institutions, commodities purchased from catering and service establishments, confiscated goods purchased from customs authorities or market management agencies, second - hand goods and wastes purchased from residents ; and ( 5 ) commodities directly imported from abroad

    商品購進總額包括： （ 1 ）從工農業生產者購進的商品； （ 2 ）從出版社、報社的出版發行部門購進的圖書、雜志和報紙； （ 3 ）從各種經濟類型的批發零售貿易企業（單位）購進的商品； （ 4 ）從其他單位購進的商品，如從機關、團體、企業、單位購進的剩餘物資，從餐飲業、服務業購進的商品，從海關、市場管理部門購進的緝私和沒收的商品，從居民收購的廢舊商品等； （ 5 ）從國（境）外直接進口的商品。
  4. In each case, consumer and producer surplus are used to evaluate the gains and losses to consumers and producers

    在每種情況下，消費者和生產者剩餘被用來評估消費者和生產者的利潤和損失。
  5. Therefore, only when the ceiling price that is based on the evaluation of utility is higher than the floor price that is based on the recovery of the costs, can be the exchange possible. through the exchange, the producer get producers " surplus and the buyers get consumer " surplus

    因此，只有當以效用評價為基礎產生的最高限價高於以收回成本為基礎形成的最低底價時，交易才有可能達成，而此時商品生產者得到生產者剩餘，購買者得到消費者剩餘。
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