shrub layer 中文意思是什麼

shrub layer 解釋
灌木層
  • shrub : n. 灌木，灌木叢。n. 果汁甜酒〈果汁加糖及少量 rum 酒等做成的飲料，通常叫 rum-shrub〉；冰果汁水。
  • layer : n 1 放置者，鋪設者，計劃者。2 【賽馬】（一般）賭客。3 產卵的雞。4 【軍事】瞄準手。5 層；階層；地...
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. The vertical structure of each forest community were obvious and could be divided into tree layer, shrub layer, herbage layer and lianas

    各群落垂直結構十分明顯，可分為喬木層、灌木層、草本層和層間植物。
  3. The species richness and diversity index order of coniferous and broad - leaf forest and evergreen broad - leaf forest in different geology plots was as follows : shrub layer > herb layer > tree layer ; in shrub plots, the order was herb layer > shrub layer. in general jsw, jsi and ea index order was herb layer > shrub layer > ree layer. that indicated that the species of tree and shrub in karst area distributing is not even, and the species, which are dominant and adapt to the karst environment are cleaer

    不同地區樣地針闊混交林和常綠闊葉林物種豐富度指數、多樣性指數均表現為灌木層草本層喬木層，而在灌叢樣地，物種豐富度和多樣性指數表現為草本層灌木層；整體上，石灰巖地區樣地jsw 、 jsi和ea指數為草本層灌木層喬木層；砂頁巖地區樣地為灌木層草本層喬木層。
  4. The results were following : ( l ) generally, all four indices showed the similar variation patterns in species diversity ; ( 2 ) generally speaking, the order of species diversity indices changed with the pattern : shrub layer tree layer herb layers ; ( 3 ) the species diversity of evergreen broadleaved forests was larger than that of warm conifer forests ; ( 4 ) the species diversity of forests in meizi lake area has been affected by human factors

    結果表明： （ 1 ）梅子湖森林植被樣地物種多樣性測度的結果，上述4種指標總體上表現出相同的變化趨勢。門）總體看來， 14個樣地的物種多樣性指數在群落不同層次的變化規律為：灌木層喬木層草本層。 （ 3 ）不同植被類型的物種多樣性特徵是：常綠闊葉林暖性針葉林。
  5. The research result is following : the annual species richness index of studied forest plant community averaged 64. 688, the species diversity index was 2. 982. the proportion of every functional group of forest plant community is : herbaceous layer ( average is 68. 89 % ) > tall tree layer ( average is 15. 266 % ) > shrub layer. ( average is 15. 845 % ) the proportion of every functional group in forest insect communities is remarkably different, and the order of the proportion is herbivorous insect group ( average 0. 729 ) > predatory natural enemy insect group ( average 0. 136 ) > parasitical insect group ( average 0. 135 ). with seasonal change, the proportion of herbivorous and predatory insect group decreased obviously, while that of parasitical insect group increased on average by 147 %

    研究結果如下：森林植物群落種的全年物種豐富度指數平均為64 . 688種，多樣性指數為2 . 982森林植物群落內各功能類群物種所佔比重依次為：草本層（平均為68 . 89 ） >喬木層（平均為15 . 266 ）灌木層（平均為15 . 845 ） 。森林昆蟲群落中，全年各功能類群所佔比重以植食性昆蟲類群為最大，平均佔0 . 729 ；捕食性昆蟲類群次之，平均佔0 . 136 ；寄生性天敵類群為最小，平均為0 . 135 。
  6. The water - holding capacity of altinglia gracilipes, schima superba, fokienia hodginsii and cunninghamia lanceolata planted under cunninghamia lanceolata ecological public welfare forest was studied from forest canopy, shrub and herb layer, litter layer and soil layer

    摘要分別從林冠層、林下植被層、凋落物層及土壤層對杉木人工生態公益林林冠下營造的細柄阿丁楓、木荷、建柏和杉木純林的持水功能進行了研究。
  7. The species diversity index of the tree layer was a bit low, and the general trend was shrub layer > treelayer > herb layer

    喬木層物種多樣性指數偏低，垂直結構各層次間物種多樣性大小依次為灌木層>喬木層>草本層。
  8. The complicated vertical structure could be divided into tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer, as well as a definite number of interstratum plants

    群落垂直結構復雜，可分為喬木層、灌木層和草本層，並有一定數量的層間植物。
  9. The species richness and diversity index of the tree layer and the shrub layer was obviously higher than that of the herb layer, and their evenness had evident difference

    喬木層、灌木層的物種豐富度、物種多樣性指數均大於草本層，且差異極顯著，群落均勻度差異顯著。
  10. The results shows that the community richness, species diversity indices and evenness of tree layer and shrub layer share the same order, of which is higher in pure limestone region than that of in pure dolomite region, but it reverse in herb layer ; the coefficient of similarity is considerably low between all plots, while species turnover rate is quite high among the plots and is higher in dolomite region than that of in limestone ; in different karst regions, karst processing leads to niches diversity characterized by special morphologies and special element geochamical features, and therefore affect the dynamic and features of plant communities

    我們在最有代表性之一的貴州茂蘭喀斯特森林保護區選取純灰巖和純白雲巖兩種巖性的喀斯特環境，對其元素地球化學特徵及其中原生性植物群落的相異性和物種多樣性進行了對比，結果發現：不同巖性區域多樣性：喬木層和灌木層為純灰巖區純白雲巖區，草本層為純白雲巖區純灰巖區，總體上純灰巖區的高於純白雲巖區的；各樣地間的相似性系數都很低，相同巖性類型內的明顯高於不同巖性類型之間的相似度；物種周轉率高，且白雲巖區高於石灰巖區，種類組成差異明顯；喀斯特區可溶巖地球化學背景通過喀斯特作用導致特殊的地形條件與元素地球化學特徵，並引起局部小生境的分異從而影響植物群落特徵。
  11. There was no significant difference of diversity index between the tree layer and the shrub layer

    喬木層與灌木層之間多樣性各項指標總體無顯著差別。
  12. Therefore, the optimized pattern of this kind of green spaces is small arbor + small shrub + ground layer, the arbors with mass crowns and stand firm are preferential, with the coverage around 40 % and the coverage of shrub around 30 % - 40 %

    灌木層宜選擇常綠且對so _ 2有一定抗性的種類，為豐富其美學效果，可點綴配置觀賞性強的花灌木，灌木層蓋度以50 60為宜。
  13. The regeneration layer was dominated by the shrub in non - gap stands but arbor in the gaps

    林隙一般由3 ~ 4株採伐木形成，採伐木主要由鍛樹、蒙古櫟和山槐組成。
  14. The results is showed as following : ( 1 ) within the four typical configuration patterns of the green spaces in front of office buildings, the small arbor + shrub + ground layer pattern has the best ecological benefits, with the evaluation result of 0. 6847 while shrub pattern has the worst ecological benefits, with the evaluation result of 0. 5385 ; small arbor + small shrub + ground layer pattern has the best aesthetic benefits with the evaluation result of 0. 9691 while the tall arbor pattern is the worst, with the result of 0. 6893 ; shrub pattern has the lowest investment with the highest evaluation result of 1. 000 while small arbor + small shrub + ground layer pattern has the highest investment of construction and maintenance with the lowest economic evolution result of 0. 301 ; small arbor + small shrub + ground layer pattern has the best comprehensive benefit with the evaluation result of 0. 7961 while tall arbor pattern has the worst comprehensive benefits with the result of 0. 6698

    在配置模式上，以小喬+小灌+地被為佳。喬木層的蓋度應控制在40左右，且選擇樹姿挺拔，樹型高大的種類，灌木層蓋度以30 40為宜，且姿態優美，觀賞性強。 （ 2 ）車間防護綠地的四種典型配置模式以大喬+灌木模式的生態效益最好，結果為0 . 8257 ，草坪的生態效益最差，結果為0 . 3265 ；美學效益以小喬+小灌木模式最好，結果為0 . 8448 ，草坪模式最差，結果為0 . 7304 ；經濟投入以小喬+小灌最低，評價值最高，達到1 . 000 ，草坪模式最高，評價值最低，僅達到0 . 2310 ；綜合效益以大喬+灌木最好，結果為0 . 8111 ，草坪最低，評價結果為0 . 5035 。
  15. In preliminary vegetation succession from abandoned land community to herbage community, the increasing degree is higher. and with further succession which is herbage - shrub - early forest - liaotungesis forest community it goes down gradually. ( 2 ) the water content in 0 - 5cm soil layer increases significantly and the water content in > 5cm soil layer decreases in the course of vegetation succession

    演替初期（棄耕-地先鋒群落草本群落）有機碳含量的增加幅度較大，而後，隨植被的進一步演替（草本群落灌叢群落早期森林群落遼東櫟群落） ，有機碳含量增加幅度變小。
  16. The optimized pattern of this kind of green spaces is : the layer of arbors has the coverage higher than 80 % with species grow fast and has strong resistance against air pollutions. the layer of shrubs has the coverage around 50 - 60 %, giving property to evergreen species, sprinkled with flower shrubs to enrich the aesthetic benefits. ( 3 ) tall arbori - small arbor + shrub pattern has the best ecological benefits among the four typical configuration patterns of the gardens in tindustrial district with the evaluation result of 0. 8520 while lawn pattern at the latest with the result of 0. 4014 ; tall arbor + small arbor + shrub pattern has the best aesthetic benefits with the result of 0. 9620 while lawn pattern at the latest with the result of 0. 7071 ; shrub + lawn pattern has the lowest investment of construction and maintenan

    （ 4 ）生活區綠地的四種典型配置模式灌木十草坪、喬木、草坪和喬木十大灌木+草坪中，喬木模式生態效益最佳，結果為0 . 7019 ，草坪模式生態效益最差，結果為， 0 . 3108 :美學效益以喬木+大灌木+草坪模式最佳，結果為0 . 9437 ，喬木模式最低，結果為0 . 7640 ;經濟投入以喬木模式最低，評價最高，達到1 . 000 ，喬木+大灌木十草坪模式最高，評價值最低，僅達到0 . 080 ;綜合效益以大喬模式最佳，結果為0 . 7619 ，草坪模式最低，結果為0 . 4659 。
  17. Compared to non - tourist areas, in recreational areas, the number of plant species and coverage of vegetation in arbor layer and shrub layer decreased and the composition and community structure of vegetation trended to be simple. at the same time, regeneration of vegetation were suppressed

    景點活動區與背景區相比：喬木層、灌木層植物種數及蓋度減少，群落組成及結構趨向簡單化，更新受抑，草坪生物量、高度、蓋度明顯受到沖擊。
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