stage cost 中文意思是什麼
stage cost
解釋
單級費用-
The required levels of construction cost estimates vary at different stages of project development ， ranging from ball park figures in the early stage to fairly reliable figures for budget control prior to construction
?建築成本估算要求的精確程度在項目發展的不同階段發生著變化，從早期的相近數字到施工前預算控制時相當準確的是數字。 -
When a company comes to its last stage, to disincorporate and liquidate the company orderly, safely, fairly, and effectively is important to protect the legal rights of the creditors, share holders, and other people relevant, to keep the economic order of the society, and to lower the management cost of the country
作為公司法人資格存續的最後階段，能否有序、安全、公正、高效地進行解散和清算，對保護債權人、股東及利害關系人的合法利益，維護社會經濟秩序的流暢，降低國家管理成本，有重要意義。 -
Compared with the cost system of civil engineering, because of the complexity and inconstancy of wche, the study of the cost system of wche is on the initial stage and very tough
相對于工業民用建築工程造價系統，由於水利水電工程的單件性和復雜性，我國在水利水電工程造價系統方面的研究可以說是剛剛起步，也是舉步維艱的。 -
The single - stage hammer crusher are suitable used to crushing ordinary fragile ores of the compressive strength no more than 200mpa, such as limestone, gypsum, coal, marl, sand - shale etc. this series product features of high crushing ratio, even product graininess, simple construction, reliable operation, easily maintenance, economical running cost etc., so are widely used. hammer crusher models hammer crusher max
錘破系經高速轉動的錘體與物料碰撞面破碎物料，錘式破碎機具有結構簡單，破碎比大，生產效率高等特點，錘式破碎機可作干濕兩種形式破碎，錘式破碎機適用於礦山水泥煤炭冶金建材公路燃化等部門對中等硬度及脆性物料進行細碎。 -
In this thesis, the methods of comparison research, the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, the combination of positive philosophy and standardized research are used to make systematic and comprehensive analysis of the problems existing in cost management, and emphasis the importance of cost management in planning stage. at the same time, the author brings forward an important concept of establishing the cost management system
在文章中，作者採用了比較研究、定性分析和定量分析相結合、實證研究和規范研究相結合的方法，分析了我國建設項目成本管理中普遍存在的問題，進而提出在計劃階段成本管理的重要地位，同時提出了建立計劃階段成本管理體系這一重要概念。 -
Cost - benefit ratio model and stage - rolled method are chosen as the theoretical foundations of the program, and then benefit model is improved to accord with the actuality of urban traffic in china
首先選擇效益費用比模型和階段滾動法作為程序的理論依據，同時針對我國城市交通的現狀，對效益模型進行了改進。 -
To avoid manual labor of chiseling - grossness, in the area of second - stage concrete construction, permanently non - removed metal molding boards nets are used as molding boards of first - stage concrete. substitution joints of reinforcing steel bars for traditional electric welding and usage of equipments for joints of reinforcing steel bars efficiently improve strength of junctions and rate of connecting reinforcing steel bars, and safety of construction and stability of quality, and greatly reduce cost. it ' s possible that three gorges project become top - ranking project in the world by study on systems engineering of high - strength concrete construction
混凝土縫面處理採用高壓水流沖毛技術，大大提高了施工工效，減少了倉面污染；模板工程大量採用定型鋼模板施工技術，提高了壩體混凝土成型質量和工程進度；在二期混凝土施工區域，為免除人工鑿毛勞動強度，採用永久性免拆金屬模板網作為一期混凝土模板；鋼筋連接改進傳統的電焊連接方式，採用大量採用鋼筋接頭機械連接技術，有效提高了接頭強度和鋼筋連接速度，施工安全性大大加強，質量穩定性有效提高，經濟成本大大降低；三峽二期工程持續高強度混凝土施工系統工程的研究，使三峽工程成為名符其實的「世界一流工程」成為可能；三峽二期工程混凝土溫控綜合技術的應用，有效降低了壩體混凝土溫度的產生；混凝土表面處理及裂縫處理技術的應用，提高了建築物的整體性和耐久性。 -
This empirical study is a stage achievement of an on - going project ( no. 03bzz025 ) chaired by dr. kang zhao and funded by the social science foundation of china, which aims at investigating and improving the operations of management consulting associations in china. the research starts from constructing a theoretical framework of investigation according to theories of non - profit organization, trade cost, corporatism and governance. following on, 5 consulting associations amcf, imc, mca, icmci, feaco are chosen for cases in studying
本研究系趙康教授主持的國家社會科學基金項目（ 「發展中國的管理咨詢行業/專業:一個行業/專業協會層面的理論和實證研究」 ， 03bzz025 ）子課題之一，旨在從非營利組織、新經濟制度學、公民社會、社會專業化運動等相關理論視角來建構與實證考察歐美管理咨詢業協會，透視其功能和內部的運行機制。 -
This paper analyzes the discount rate and operation cost in economic evaluation, and proposes the value taking method of the discount rate and determination method for the economic limit in different water cut conditions in the later stage of oilfield development basing on the break - even equilibrium principle
摘要通過對經濟評價中的折現率及操作成本等經濟參數的詳細分析，從資金的保值及盈虧平衡原理入手，分別提出了開發下限的折現率取值方法及油田生產後期不同含水條件下的經濟極限確定方法。 -
In the study on the method of risk decision in project bidding based on considering emulant, according to the contents and the characteristics of risk decision in the stage of bidding, based on considering the pure risks and the speculative risks, and setting out from monomial risk, internal number and internal probability were used in describing each risk element. then, the optimization of strategies for monomial risks was done. and the computation was used to sew up the scheme, the progress, the cost and the overall risk compensation
在工程項目投標階段的風險決策方法研究中，根據投標階段風險決策的內容和特點，在考慮純風險和投機風險的基礎上，從單項風險入手，運用區間數和區間概率的性質，先描述各個風險要素，然後進行單項風險對策間的對比擇優，並將其結果對應于方案、進度、成本費用及投標報價總風險補償費的確定，最終實現承包商的風險成本最小化。 -
The research object in this text is a project of the real estate in the chengdu city from the new vision. the project of the real estate is divided into four stages : concept stage, developing stage, performing stage and last stage. the main content of the project management in the concept stage is how to organize the feasibility test well. the main of the project management in the developing stage is how to organize man, material, finance and how to be ready for all the soft and hardware. the main content of the project management in the performing stage is how to guanatee quality, cost and time planning. the main content of the project management in the last stage is how to evaluate, check and accept, deliver the project and organize the last work well. confronting the present situation in all the stages, i work out some good measures. it is about to think the real estate project management farther in the last chapr. er. i bring out xhe important principle about the project management of the real estate and several question which must be delt with. comprehensively evaluating and perfecting the project management in the whole stages is all contents that the project management has the whole efficacy
本文以全新的視角，以成都市一個房地產開發項目為研究對象，創新性地把房地產開發項目劃分為四個階段：概念階段；開發階段；實施階段；收尾階段。概念階段項目管理的主要內容是組織好可行性論證；開發階段項目管理的主要內容是組織好人、財、物及一切軟硬體準備；實施階段項目管理的主要內容是保證質量、進度、成本；收尾階段項目管理的主要內容是評審、驗收及項目交付和組織結束工作。針對不同階段的項目管理的現狀分析，提出完善的對策方案，最後是對房地產開發項目管理的進一步思考，提出房地產開發項目管理的關鍵性原則及應處理好的幾個問題。 -
Both advantages of rocket engine and air - breathing engine are integrated into one kind of propulsion system, called rocket - based - combined - cycle ( rbcc ), which has multiple operating woke modes, including ejecting, subsonic combustion, supersonic combustion and rocket mode, with each mode operating at varying flying stage. rbcc has prominent potential of high efficiency and low cost, and so it is recognized as an advanced propulsion system of future single - stage - to - orbit reusable spacecraft and hipper - sonic missile. it has been broadly investigated in foreign countries and has been progressed into small and full - scale flying stage
火箭基組合動力循環（ rbcc ， rocketbasedcombinedcycle ）將傳統的火箭發動機和吸氣式發動機的優點集中組合到一個具有多種工作模態（包括引射、亞燃、超燃及火箭模態）的發動機里，在不同的飛行階段啟用不同的工作模態，因此具有大幅提高航天推進系統經濟性與高效性的潛在優勢，並可能發展成為下一代單級可重復使用航天器以及高超聲速導彈武器的動力系統。 -
The real estate development cost control methods are specified of decision, design, execution stage to reduce the construction cost, and it is compiling feasibility study report and capital invest estimation in decision, optimizing the design scheme and designed rationally in the technique and construction drawing design stage, electing rational construction scheme in construction stage, controlling the change in the work and field visas strictly, examining and approving budge detailed, budge planning use the quantities list, electing the best subcontractor, preventing some monopoly raise the price, collecting the detailed data in the fieldwork, making strict bargain
討論了房地產開發項目的決策階段、設計階段、實施階段分別需要採取的相關措施和方法，以盡量降低項目的工程造價，即在決策階段編寫詳細的可行性研究報告和編制投資估算；在設計階段優化設計方案，進行合理的技術設計和施工圖設計；在實施階段選擇合理的施工方案，嚴格控制工程變更和現場簽證，嚴格審核工程施工圖預算，工程造價的預算採用工程量清單報價，擇優確定專業分包單位，防止少數壟斷性行業任意抬價，深入現場，收集和掌握施工有關資料，制定嚴密的合同條款。 -
The cost control of hlsip shoud take a method of quota design step by step during the design stage ; during the construction seage, the emphasis should be attached to optimizing construction scheme, check and signing the working drawing and making a strict demand on metering pay. at the same time, the cost out - of - control should be avoided, and the constructor should treat the project change cautiously and properly handle the claim
高揚程梯級提水灌溉工程的投資控制，在設計階段應逐步推行限額設計的作法；施工階段以優化施工方案，審簽施工圖紙，嚴格計量支付為重點，防止投資失控，同時要謹慎對待工程變更，正確處理索賠事宜。 -
The thesis comprehensively deliberates stochastic and fuzzy character of controlling the cost of engineering construction ; it takes quantitative analysis as the dominant factor, takes qualitative analysis as the secondary factor, establishes an comprehensive system of controlling the cost, and make various theories, the basic principles and the methods of engineering maths in the analysis and calculation of controlling the cost of engineering construction, such as effect theory, fuzzy maths, value engineering, grey system and system simulation. it also establishes the simple and effective practical model. on the basis of practical example, it puts forwards the train of thought and method to controls the cost of engineering construction in the different stage
本論文綜合考慮了工程造價控制的隨機性和模糊性，以定量分析為主，定性分析為輔，構造了造價控制的綜合體系，將效用理論、模糊數學、價值工程、灰色系統、計算機模擬等多種理論及工程數學的基本原理和方法應用到工程項目造價控制的分析和計算中，建立了簡便而有效的實用模型，並結合工程實例，提出來了不同階段工程造價控制的思路和方法，針對不同的情況，綜合應用定性與定量的控制方法，消除了以往工程項目造價控制只停留于項目實施階段的缺陷，提高了量化研究的水平和準確性，為政府建設管理部門進行科學管理及各建設參與單位今後進一步改進自身的項目造價管理工作提供了寶貴的理論依據。 -
However, it is a prevailing practice in highway projects in our country that the feasibility studies in the preliminary investigation and the appraisal of operation cost in later stage fail to carefully and thoroughly analyze the impact of those indeterminant factors on a proposed project and the probability of those factors. furthermore, in construction period, only those major uncertain factors ( say, wars ) are written in the contract as a part of unpredictable risks so as to rectify the responsibilities of the parties as named in the contract, but the minor factors ( say the change in drawings ) are not singled out but included in other contrast articles
在國內公路項目前期可行性研究和後期評估運營經濟成本時，只簡單地對一些影響項目的不確定性因素羅列出來而沒有認真分析這些不確定性對整個項目影響的大小和其發生的可能性大小；在項目實施過程（施工階段） ，只是把一些大的不確定性（如戰爭）作為不可預見風險成為合同條款雙方分清責任的一部分，而一些小的（如施工圖紙的變更）一般不單獨列出，而包含在其它合同條款中。 -
In the course of removing the debts owned by township governments, it is favorable to solve the debts problem successfully and reduce the cost, by using institution transference ' s theory as a reference, bringing the path ' s orientation effect of institution transference into play thoroughly, taking advantages of central and provincial governments in institution supply, utilizing the means such as transferring payments, arousing the enthusiasm of interests subject at the basic level, from one point to the whole area, carrying it forward stage by stage
在化解鄉鎮政府債務過程中，借鑒前期改革經驗，充分發揮制度變遷的路徑依賴效應，發揮制度供給優勢，利用轉移支付等手段，調動基層利益主體的積極性，由點到面，逐級推進，有利於在成功解決鄉鎮政府債務問題的同時降低化解成本。 -
This article proposes the multitudinous methods and the countermeasures enhancing the universities construction items design stage cost rational, as well as based on the value engineering and the level analytic method of the concrete operating procedure of the universities construction items design stage cost control, it provides the model for enhancing the universities construction items design stage the cost rationality in our country now, also provides the reference on the enhancement of the overall level of the construction item cost management in our country
本文所提出的在設計階段（特別是建築設計階段）合理控製成本的眾多方法與對策，以及基於價值工程和層次分析法的設計階段成本控制的具體操作方法，旨在為我國目前高校建設項目設計階段合理控製成本提供借鑒，並試圖為我國建設項目成本管理整體水平的提高提供參考。 -
On the foundation of summarizing the design stage cost control theory and experience of the domestic and the foreign construction items, combining the present situation and the characteristic of the universities construction, the article carries on more detailed and integrity analysis to the design and the cost rationality of the universities construction items
為了探討解決這一問題的方法，本文針對高校建設項目建築設計與成本的合理性進行了研究。本文在總結了國內外建設項目建築設計階段成本控制理論與經驗的基礎上，結合國內高校建設的現狀和特點，對高校建設項目建築設計與成本的合理性進行較為詳細和完整的分析。 -
That how to enhance the rational method and countermeasure of the universities construction items design stage cost is studied emphatic, and on the foundation of the concrete example in the universities construction item, the article carries on the science assignment to the design quota of the construction item to the universities using the value engineering, and carries on the overall appraises to three kinds of design to choose the most superior plan using the level analytic method, thus to enhance the cost rationality of the universities construction item design stage
簡要介紹了高校建設項目的建築設計與成本的相關概念和相互關系，重點研究了設計階段合理控製成本的方法與對策，並在分析具體實例的基礎上，利用價值工程對設計限額進行科學的分配，運用層次分析法對多種設計方案進行總體評價來選擇最優方案，從而探討在設計階段（特別是建築設計階段）合理控製成本的有效途徑。
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