懲罰性出價 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [chéngfáxìngchūjià]
懲罰性出價 英文
penalty bid
  • 懲 : 動詞1. （處罰） punish; penalize 2. [書面語] （警戒） take or give warning
  • 罰 : Ⅰ動詞[書面語] （處罰） punish; penalize; fine; forfeit Ⅱ名詞（處罰） punishment; penalty
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 價 : 名詞1. （價格） price 2. （價值） value 3. [化學] （化合價） valence
  • 懲罰性 : punitive
  1. We analyze the phenomena and the facts of power in education from the following field of vision : in terms of the definition of education - education as the " deliberately effect " ; of basic medium - knowledge ; of the social efficacy - defending the social order ; and of the specifics of education - discipline and punishment, examination and evaluation, and etc. we can say, education has power - character, and some of the relations in education are the relations of power

    論文從教育的定義，即作為「有意影響」的教育；從教育的基本載體，即知識；從教育的社會功效，即秩序維護；從教育系統內部的具體實踐，即紀律懲罰、檢查評價等角度分析了教育實踐活動中的權力現象與權力事實，指出了教育本身是具有權力性的，教育中的諸種關系所表現的即是一種權力關系。
  2. And unlike its previous emergency auctions, in late september and october, the price of these funds will be determined by market demand at the auction, not set at the penalty rate that deterred any bank from bidding for the money

    並且，和上次在9月和10月的拍賣相比，英格蘭銀行此次將由市場需求決定拍賣價格，不會再設定一個懲罰性利率以至於所有有意出價的銀行都望而卻步。
  3. Punishment not only expresses the incidence of mechanical solidarity ; it maintains that solidarity by reinforcing collective sentiments and values

    制裁性的懲罰不僅呈現出機械團結社會的特性，也使得集體意識以及其價值能使這種團結更加緊密。
  4. With the development of personnel system reform in chinese public institution, the teachers - engagement system in university come to reality. as well known, the foundation of teachers - engagement system bases on scientific teacher assessment. unfourtunately, the current assessment theory of university teachers is obviously unable to explain or solve those problems occurred in university teacher assessment. thus reforming on current university teacher assessment system and raising human resources management skills of university become more and more urgent. there are two popular teacher assessment theories at present, one is teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment, another, another is developmental assessment of teacher, the two kinds of assessment theories both have their own drawbacks : teacher assessment aiming at reward and punishment pays over attention to the function of choice and appraisal, this can be found easily in lately universities of china, such as " survival of the fittest ", " reward best and punish worst ", " eliminate the lasf ' and so on ; although developmental assessment of teacher declares to promote teachers - efficiency under no pressure of reward or punishment, it lacks of operation ability and needs to spend lots of time and resources, thus it is very hard use in real situation

    目前在教育領域流行的教師評價主流是獎懲性教師評價（總結性教師評價）和發展性教師評價，但這兩種教師評價體系都或多或少的有各自的弊端：獎懲性教師評價過于偏重鑒定選擇功能，近幾年在我國高校教師評價中經常用到的「優勝劣汰」 ， 「獎優罰劣」 ， 「末位淘汰」 ， 「能者上、庸者下」等等，都充分反映出我國教師評價中以獎懲為目的的鑒定選擇功能發揮到了極致；而近年引入國內的發展性教師評價理論雖然標榜是一種不以獎懲為目的而是在沒有獎懲的條件下促進教師的專業發展，從而實現學校的發展目標的評價體系，但由於其可操作性不強，在發源地英國和美國的實施情況卻並不如意? ?需要耗費大量的資源和時間而難以真正貫徹落實。
  5. At the same time, combining the reality of the enterprise rent - seeking activities this paper analyzes concretely the objects, strategies, paths and methods of the enterprise rent - seeking, summarizes that in the socialism market economy the enterprise rent - seeking has the characteristics of the common, the longtime and the cyclic, researches further on treating the enterprise rent - seeking. accordingly this paper proposes measures of hastening the economic system reforms and the socialism market economy construction, shrinking the administrative range of governments, changing governments duties and extending the open and the transparent of the governments affairs, regulating enterprise behaviors and overcoming the non economic elements, exerting the markets " function of guide thoroughly, meanwhile this paper emphasizes that for the rents produced by the government behaviors scientific analyses and utilizations are essential, the measures of enforcing the propagation and instruction, joining the public supervision, moral evaluation and punishment mechanism together flexibly are also presented in this paper

    同時本文結合我國企業尋租活動的現狀，對企業尋租的對象、戰略、路徑、方式等做了具體的分析，總結出了社會主義市場經濟條件下企業尋租具有普遍性、長期性和循環性的特點，並對企業尋租應該如何對待的問題做了進一步的研究，相應地提出了加快經濟體制改革和社會主義市場經濟建設，縮小政府管制的范圍，轉變政府職能，增大政務公開性與透明度；規范企業行為，克服企業行為中的不經濟性因素，充分發揮市場機制的引導作用；對于政府行為導致的「租金」 ，要具體分析后科學地加以設計和運用；同時注意加大宣傳和教育力度，將輿論監督、道德評價與懲罰機制相結合等對策。
  6. On the base of analysing the shortcoming of genetic algotithms, three improved techniques for genetic algorithms are bring forward in this paper : fuzzy penalty fitness function, random dislocation arithmetic crossover, fuzzy parameter adjust policy, which improve genetic algorithms capability of global convergence and convergent speed. at the same time, the improved genetic algorithms are applied to nonlinear mixed integer problems and complex nonlinear function optimization

    在分析實數型遺傳演算法不足的基礎上，本文研究了遺傳演算法的關鍵技術，分別提出了模糊懲罰評價函數、隨機錯位算術雜交運算元、模糊自適應參數控制等改進技術，以提高遺傳演算法的全局收斂性和收斂速度，並應用於求解非線性混合整數規劃問題和復雜高維的函數優化問題。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書