拱頂高度 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gǒngdǐnggāodù]
拱頂高度 英文
spring of arch
  • 拱 : Ⅰ動詞1 （兩手相合 臂的前部上舉） cup one hand in the other before the chest 2 （環繞） encircle; ...
  • 頂 : i 名詞（人體或物體的最上部） crown; peak; top Ⅱ動詞1 （用頭支承） carry on the head 2 （從下面拱...
  • 高 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （從下向上距離大; 離地面遠） tall; high 2 （在一般標準或平均程度之上; 等級在上的） above...
  • 度 : 度動詞[書面語] （推測; 估計） surmise; estimate
  • 高度 : altitudeheightelevation
  1. Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account

    依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。
  2. 2 ) from the angle of constructing course, steeve - arch supporting structure requires low - capacity cranes to erect, and simple constructing methods easy to meet. the time spending on construction is short. the usual arch supporting structure requires high - capacity cranes to erect, and complicate constructing methods hard to meet

    2 ）從施工角度看，吊桿式拱架支承結構對吊車的起吊能力要求低，工藝簡單，施工方便，工期短；豎桿式拱架支承結構起頂重量大，對吊車的起吊能力要求高，施工難度大。
  3. The contents include : based on the previous research and the data of experimentations, the author researches and develops a kind of satisfactory semi - empirical formula of nonlinear temperature distribution, and calculates the temperature stress of rigid - framed arch bridge by the fem. the temperature effects of bridge structure by annual and sunlight temperature difference are discussed, it indicates that the temperature effect of annual temperature difference is small but the temperature effect of sunlight temperature difference is great and the temperature stress along beam depth resulted from sunlight temperature difference is nonlinear. with the comparison between the temperature effects of different position of bridge, the results show that where the section of bridge is small, the temperature stress of it is large

    本文主要包括以下內容：從理論上研究並結合實測資料發展了一種比較理想的半經驗溫度場非線性分佈公式，並將有限元方法應用於剛架拱橋結構溫度應力的計算中，對橋梁結構進行整體溫度應力分析；討論了年溫差和日照溫差引起的橋梁結構的溫度效應，表明年溫差引起的溫度效應較小，而日照溫差引起的溫度應力較大且沿梁高呈非線性分佈；分析比較了橋梁結構各個部位的溫度效應的大小，可知截面越小溫度拉應力越大，受力越不利；並對箱梁結構由於構造不同引起的縱向與橫向的溫度效應大小進行了探討，發現在頂板下緣也會出現相當大的溫度拉應力，並且梗腋的存在反而增加了頂板底部的溫度拉應力；還對幾種相近的剛構式橋型的溫度效應進行了分析對比，總結了這些橋型針對溫度效應的優劣，並提出相應的針對性措施。
  4. During the construction of the concrete lining for the diversion tunnel of xiaowan hydropower station, the concrete linings for the sides and the crown of the tunnel are simultaneously placed by the integral steel shuttering trolley with the greatly shortened construction progress

    摘要小灣水電站工程在導流洞混凝土襯砌施工中，邊頂拱混凝土採用整體式鋼模臺車一次襯砌成形，大幅提高了施工進度。
  5. A bearing surface transmits the interaction between an arch dam and its foundation, the strength of which directly affects the constraint of the bedrock to the dam, and thus affects the stress and deformation of the dam. the influence is studied in this paper with nonlinear finite element method, as an example, for a high arch dam in design. the results show that the influence on stress is only limited within the local area near the bearing surface, larger on the maximum principal tensile stress than on the principal compression stress, and the decrease of the strength does not cause unlimited increase of the maximum stress. the influence on the displacement of the top of the dam is smaller than that of the bottom of the dam, especially the relative downstream displacement. at the lower strength of the bearing surface, the relative downstream displacement at the bottom of the dam increases with the decrease of the strength

    建基面是傳遞拱壩和基巖相互作用的紐帶，它的強度直接影響基巖對壩體的約束，從而影響壩體的應力和變形.採用非線性有限單元法，以設計中的某高拱壩為例，分析建基面強度對壩體應力和變形的影響.結果表明建基面強度對壩體應力的影響僅限於建基面附近的局部范圍，對最大主拉應力的影響要大於對最大主壓應力的影響，建基面強度的降低不會無限地增大壩體的應力數值；建基面強度對壩頂位移的影響較小，但對壩底位移（尤其是順河向相對位移）的影響較大，當建基面強度較低時，壩底順河向相對位移隨建基面強度的降低而增大
  6. This layout can transform the axial force of circular beam into a force which parallels the axial. compression strength of the concrete on circular beam can bring into play adequately. the displacement of the pile top will also reduce effectively

    （ 2 ）設計中將圍護樁按拱形布設，將垂直於圈樑的軸向力轉化為平行的軸向力，充分發揮了圈樑混凝土的抗壓強度，有效地減少了圍護樁的樁頂位移，提高了圍護結構的整體穩定性。
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