指合同總價 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zhǐgětóngzǒngjià]
指合同總價
英文
the contract price-
The working paper will analyze and study the farmer labors income inequality in 4 parts in one part, the theories and measuring indexes being applied into this study are reviewed and commented for one thing, and selected indexes and methods applied by chinese outstanding conditions based on this. by dynamical demonstration of the income inequality, it makes known that the income inequality in different rural areas obviously trends to be increasingly widen
本論文主要針對這一現象進行了分析與研究，研究內容主要分為四大部分：第一部分首先對研究所依據的理論體系進行回顧與評析，並對現有的諸多測量指標進行了優劣評價，在此基礎上結合中國現實情況選擇了本研究所使用的評價指標與測量方法，然後據此從省際、東中西以及不同收入水平區域角度，對改革以來中國地區間農民收入的差異進行了動態的實證描述，同時採用theil模型對農民收入的總體差異進行了區域分解。Since the knowledge of wto rules has been missed long time and the transparency of the related information the study needs is poor due to the organization and management system barriers, many previous studies were of cause hard to deeply and completely analyze the international competitiveness of departments, industries, regions and backward industries, hard to figure out the nature of the problems or issues and to put forward right and feasible strategy options. as to the study on the increase of the husbandry international competitiveness in all ways, there are few reports
所構建的比較優勢與綜合指標互動式測定評價模型，不僅僅從總體角度，還結合從部門、行業、區域、相關產業的角度，通過加權、分解等途徑，全面測定評價畜牧業競爭力；不僅僅通過截面數據識別比較優勢和競爭力的現狀，還通過時間序列數據識別比較優勢和競爭力的趨勢，同時通過國際數據識別中國畜牧業比較優勢和競爭力在世界的地位現狀和趨勢。In the first two parts, the thesis conducts comparison and ordering of financial indicators respectively for four types of institutional units in accordance with their functional classification, in addition to analyzing and describing their general conditions. in the last part, the thesis uses index analysis method, selects the analysis indicators representing respectively the financial conditions of each institution on the basis of the different financial management characteristics of the four types of institutions, in order to form different evaluation models. through calculation, it evaluates the general financial conditions of each institutions with quantitative standards
在收支分析和資產負債分析部分，論文除對總體情況分析描述外，重點按照職能分類對四類事業單位的各項財務指標分別進行了比較和排序；在綜合分析部分，論文採用了指數分析法，根據四類單位不同的財務管理特點，分別選取了可以代表每類單位財務狀況的分析指標，形成不同的評價模型，通過計算，從量化標準上對各單位的綜合財務狀況進行了評價。It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason
論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。It generalizes the applications of the methods of comprehensive evaluation in scientific and technological ( s & t ) management, summarizes the relevant researches on technological commodities in home and abroad, reviews the researches on comprehensive evaluation of technological commodities, points out their shortages and analyzes the differences between comprehensive evaluation and pricing problems
本文概括了綜合評價問題在科技管理中的應用，總結了國內外關于技術商品的相關研究，系統考察了技術商品綜合評價問題已有的研究成果，並指出它們在指標設計、權重集確定和評價方法應用中存在的不足。分析對比了綜合評價問題與定價問題的不同之處。The study on the development model of agricultural science and technology park : make a comprehensive survey of the agricultural science and technology park development, statistical data on the agricultural science and technology park in the year of 2002 was applied to do macro analysis, with the result of development problems and propose the settlement. this study is conducted based on typical case study and theoretical analysis from the aspects of growing background, overall effect, operating model and the driving force in four national agricultural science and technology parks : shandong vegetables demonstrating park, henan xuchang national park, gansu dingxi park and beijing shunyi three - hi agricultural pilot model area. then analyse and sum up the general laws and different points. the creative research of this paper lines in raising the new theory of sci - tech agricultural industry organization for the first time, build up the theory analysis framework for agricultural science and technology park ; according to the theory analysis framework, sum up the development general model from choosing the national agricultural park in typical region ; build up th
運用典型案例剖析與理論分析總結相結合的方法，分區域按照發展成效在全國范圍內選取山東壽光蔬菜高科技示範園、河南許昌農業科技園區、甘肅定西旱作生態型農業科技園區和北京順義三高農業示範區，從園區的成長背景、建設發展的總體成效、運作模式和園區發展的動力等幾個方面對農業科技園區的發展進行了深入研究，並對園區發展模式的共性規律和差異之處進行了分析歸納；本文創造性的研究在於：首次提出了科技農業產業組織理論，構建了農業科技園區理論分析框架；根據這一理論分析框架，通過選取典型區域的國家農業科技園區進行實證研究，總結歸納了園區發展模式共同特徵並進行了差異分析；首次提出了適用於不同評價對象和評價意圖的三套國家農業科技園區評價指標體系，並創造性運用多元統計分析方法和系統分析方法對國家農業科技園區進行綜合評價。Because of last a century industry revolution is with the technology creative since behave type history precept for educating the glorious material civilization of with spiritual civilization, again making the nature ecosystem the environment suffering the bigness wound ; face with the large quantity that economic development mode consume the nature resources, break the ecosystem environment to price to give the our country small town developments of a nice bit of inside the negative influence that bring before, if over - emphasize in the moment economic " performance ", the regardless of farsighted ecosystem is equilibrium, and escape from to be the ground seriously economy, culture foundation with same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; with the same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; people who reply 21 century pursue the whole body heart the health the life style that develop relation towards publicly exist with movable environment request more and more of high and rigorous challenge, this lesson " inside small town environment design way of thinking research ", then " insist put can into practice keep on develop strategy, exactitude handle economy with population, resources, environment, improvement ecosystem environment with beautify to live the environment, improvement public facilities is with the social welfare facilities. found to produce the development hard, life wealthy with the leading that the good civilization of ecosystem develop the road " for total thought, then " unify programming, reasonable layout, is proper because of the ground system, each have special features, protect farmland, beautify environment, synthesize development, kit developments " for the basic way, regarding related research result of domestic and international expert ' s scholar as draw lessons from, then " create to set up clean, beautiful, quite and public environment, outstanding character image, expand the region ecosystem the vogue, and promote the economic society and environment can keep on developing, and realize the economy develop to win with environmental protection double " for design the target
鑒于上一世紀產業革命和科技創新既為人類造就出輝煌物質文明和精神文明，又使自然生態環境遭受到巨大創傷的歷史教訓；面臨以往以大量消耗自然資源、破壞生態環境為代價的經濟發展模式給我國相當多的中小城鎮建設帶來的負面影響，如偏重眼前經濟「效益」 ，不顧長遠生態平衡，嚴重脫離當地經濟、文化基礎和自然地理條件，盲目模仿同一模式，因而導致本土特色與傳統文化喪失，形象單一，千城一面等；應對21世紀人們追求全身心健康發展的生活方式對公共生存與活動環境要求越來越高的嚴峻挑戰，本課題「中小城鎮環境設計思路研究」 ，以「堅持實施可持續發展戰略，正確處理經濟同人口、資源、環境的關系，改善生態環境和美化生活環境，改善公共設施和社會福利設施。努力開創生產發展、生活富裕和生態良好的文明發展道路」為總的指導思想，以「統一規劃、合理布局、因地制宜、各具特色、保護耕地、優化環境、綜合開發、配套建設」為根本方針，以國內外專家學者相關研究成果為借鑒，以「創建清潔、優美、寧靜的公共環境，突出個性形象，弘揚地域生態風尚，促進經濟社會與環境可持續發展，實現經濟發展與環境保護雙贏」為設計目標。並緊緊圍繞這一目標對中小城鎮的街區環境設計、建築特色設計、建築形象設計、自然環境設計、藝術形象設計、廣場景觀設計、住宅小區設計、生態環境設計、文化建設以及總體環境設計的定位等，展開了具體的思路研究與探討。This thesis firstly introduces the venture capital market and reviews the traditional theory of value evaluation. according to the specialty of venture capital market, the author modifies the traditional value evaluation methods so as to fit into the evaluation of venture capital enterprises. some new evaluation methods also are introduced from foreign researches
本文歸納總結了傳統的價值評估理論，再結合風險資本市場的特點，對傳統價值評估方法加以修正從而使它們適用於風險投資企業的價值評估，同時緊密跟蹤國內外該領域的最新研究，從而建立了一個有關風險投資企業價值評估的綜合體系，最後結合風險投資企業的發展階段，指出不同發展階段下的風險投資企業適用哪些價值評估方法。17 " subcontract price " means the agreed amount stated in the agreement for the design, execution and completion of the subcontract works and the remedying of any defects
"分包合同總價"指就分包工程設計，實施和竣工，及維修其所有缺陷，而在合同協議中所述的約定金額。Based on the feature technology and object - oriented mechanism, we found the manufacture - oriented three levels ( namely part, feature and geometry ) model of mechanical part and the resource model ; secondly, we realize the concurrent design of mechanical part and process through decomposing cycle, and then we constitute the evaluation guidelines on the basis of evaluation strategy of levels, which carry out from two levels ( part and feature ) and four phases ( part rough evaluation, feature rough evaluation, feature detail evaluation and part general evaluation ) ; thirdly, we put forward some evaluation methods according the evaluation guidelines, which include the rule - based process evaluation method, rule - based and fuzzy evaluation - based method associated with resources, case - bas ed and feature - based cost estimation method ; at last, we give a manufacturing - oriented evaluation system of rotating mechanical part, which validate the evaluation guidelines and method of the dissertation useful and practical
以特徵技術為基礎，面向對象的編程機制為手段，建立了面向製造的三層次（即零件層、特徵層、幾何層）零件模型；同時進行了面向製造的資源建模。第二，通過細化循環，採用分層遞階的評價策略，分兩層（零件層和特徵層）四個階段（零件初評價、特徵初評價、特徵詳細評價和零件總體評價）建立可製造性評價指標；第三，以評價指標為基礎，分別提出了基於規則的結構工藝性評價方法、基於規則和模糊綜合評判定性和定量相結合的加工可行性評價方法、以及基於實例和特徵的加工成本估算方法；最後，以solidworks為開發平臺， vb6為編程工具，初步構建了面向製造的回轉類零件可製造性評價系統，它們驗證了本文評價指標和評價方法的實用性和可行性。Firstly, the process on setting up cost plan is discussed in details after comparing the main existed cost code system, the paper then presents project disjoint and code system, which is needed for the programmer. secondly, based on the theory of dynamic control theory, the meaning of five steps for cost control is analyzed as well as the points to pay attention to in respective steps. thirdly, the author researches the fidic < construction constract condiction > ( 1st edition, 1999 ), and then conclude all kinds of usual styles about payment and clearing on medium and final term
本文結合工程實踐詳盡地討論了投資計劃的編制過程，揭示了投資控制五環節的內涵，並依據動態控制理論指出在各環節實施中應注意的問題；在深入研究國際咨詢工程師聯合會（ fidic ）出版的《施工合同條件》 （ 99第一版）的基礎上，總結歸納了中期價款結算的各種常用方式以及竣工結算，並對動態結算方法進行了細致剖析；以上述理論探討為基礎，本文最後提出了工程項目結算與支付管理系統軟體的功能設計和具體開發過程。By studying and summarizing the methodology of architectural design during different period from both domestic and international resources, the middle section proposed the principles of design methodology for the system of complicity, which is directed by the thought of restoration and reconsolidation. this section also elaborates the specific design methods - restoration and reconsolidation, moreover, it analyses systematically the contend, as well as the characteristics, affected factors and value orientation of aforementioned methods
本文中篇通過對國內外不同階段建築設計方法論研究的觀點和其他相關建築理論的學習與總結，提出了以整合思維為指導的在復雜系統下的設計方法論原則，闡述了其具體的設計方法- -整形與磨合，並對整形與磨合方法的含義、特點、影響因素、價值定位等進行了系統的分析。In this evaluation system, it ' s the first time to take corporate culture as a significant indicator, and combined with the hr indicator this paper stands out some positive infections which is important to the comprehensive development capacity, including the intangible assets and the potential resources owned by high - tech corporations such as the intelligent factors, valuation viewpoint, etc. the quantitative indicators used in this method are all relative ones to avoid the effects from the aggregate factors of enterprises such as scale and gross income, which results in the comparative attribute without considering the scale of enterprises, it ' s also the first time to put forward the notion of the comprehensive development capacity of high - tech enterprises, which is based on the enterprises capacity theory concerned and integrated with the characteristics of high - tech enterprises and the developmental modes and features
在其評價指標及體系中，第一次將企業文化作為重要的評價指標，與人力資源指標相結合，突出高新技術企業的智力因素、價值觀、理念等無形資產和潛在資源與能力對企業綜合發展能力的重要積極作用，並且所有定量指標採用了相對指標，盡量排除企業的規模、總收入等總量因素的影響，使其評價結果不僅在縱向上，而且在橫向上的不同規模企業之間具有可比性。本文在研究有關企業能力理論的基礎上，將高新技術企業的特點以及發展的模式和特徵相結合，首次提出了高新技術企業綜合發展能力的概念。Process capability index ( pci ) is also an important method to measure and improve quality, which has play a key role in assuring quality evidence, lowering cost and raising customer satisfaction indexes ( csi ). this paper studies the applications of pci and control chart from the actual viewpoint, and discusses the applications of the probability a, ( 3 of type i, ii error of the control chart, the detecting power and pci based on x control chart. in addition we explore the relationship between qlf and pci, put forward the concepts of relative loss and loss extent, adopt the linear plan to optimize pci and decide the best loss extent of each process. an example is given
）控制圖為例，討論了控制圖的兩類錯誤、檢出力與過程能力指數在實際中的應用；重要的是討論了質量損失與過程能力指數之間的關系，提出了相對質量損失、損失度等概念；研究了多道工序相對質量損失、損失度對總質量損失的影響，並從質量損失的角度出發，採用線性規劃的方法，優化多工序的過程能力指數，確定各道工序的最佳損失度，實證討論了這種關系，同時可以利用這種關系對供應商進行評價，給出了從全局的、動態的角度選擇供應商的方法，為上下游企業間的配合、監督及共同進步提供了理論基礎和實現途徑。If any principal of contractor temporarily leave construction worksite due to special status, he or she shall be agreed in written by client or arrange another principal to instruct on worksite, otherwise one day delayed, contractor will bear the penal sum of 1 / 10000 of total project price for breaking the contract
如承包人的任何一個負責人因特殊情況需暫離本工程施工所在地，需徵得發包人書面同意並由另一個負責人負責在現場指揮施工，否則每延續一天，承包人承擔本工程合同總價款萬分之一的違約金。In the forth part, on the bases of the third part, the paper works out the amount of the stock option plan, which is just the amount that a company can grant its beneficiaries during a whole stock option plan ; the amount that a company can grant its beneficiaries one year and the amount that a beneficiary can attain one year. in the fifth part, also the last part, after introducing the method that decides the exercise price in foreign and associating our country ' s conditions, the paper discusses several methods, which fit our company. they are comprehensive price method, cash flow method, simulating listed company ' s price method and asset evaluation method
本論文包括五部分，在第一部分中論述了我國引進股票期權的必要性及股票期權計劃的國內外發展狀況；第二部分探討了股票期權計劃的理論基礎，具體有契約理論、委託代理理論、兩要素理論、共同治理理論、風險激勵理論；第三部分針對七個期權獲受人的工作職責分別設計了七個有定量指標和定性指標構成的個人業績評價指標體系，並給出了評價標準和評價方法；第四部分則充分利用了第三部分的評價結果，分別確定了公司在一個股票期權計劃中可授予股票期權的總量、各年可授予的股票期權數量、個人可獲得的股票期權數量；第五部分，也就是最後一部分，在介紹國外行權價格確定方法的基礎上，結合我國國情，探討了適用於我國行權價格確定的各種方法，包括綜合價格法、現金流量法、模擬上市公司價格法、資產評估法。This research on credit evaluation, first of all, introduces the origin and the development of credit evaluation at home and abroad, and the present situation of its index system. on the basis of some researching fruits from home and abroad, it analyses the views of experts and gives some evaluation indexes from different aspects and angles. then it summarizes on these indexes, and establishes the comprehensive evaluation index system of enterprise credit
本課題研究，首先介紹了資信評估業在國內外的發展狀況以及我國資信評估評價指標體系的現狀，然後在參考國內外各種研究成果，並對專家意見進行統計分析的基礎之上，從不同方面確定出一些相應的評價指標，再對這些指標進行匯總綜合，從而得出企業資信綜合評價指標體系，並針對不同的指標給出相應的評價等級及標準。After analysising the five factors ( schedule, quality, investment, claim, risk ) which influence the limit point, this paper presents that the clients should decide the time for the construction in accordance with their own characterististics and utilizing benefits, and decide the project quality according to the sum of purchasing costs ( the price of contracts ) and the utilizing costs ( the costs to run and maintain ), and make it most possible to use supervisim optimal design and construction and to reduce claim and risk, which gives the clients a satisfying project with minimal investmentat the same time, this article tells the contractors how to optimize and make decision to minimize the costs in practice on the basis of meeting the requirment of the clients
在分析了影響極值點的進度、質量、投資、索賠和風險五大因素之後，提出了業主應結合自身的特點，根據工程使用效益來決定工期，根據購置成本（即合同價格）和使用成本（即運行費和維護費）之和來決定工程質量水平，並盡可能通過監理來優化設計、優化施工，減少索賠和風險，使業主最終既能得到滿意的工程，又能使總資金投入最小。同時，也指出承包商應如何在滿足業主要求的前提下，進行優化和決策，使實際發生的成本最小。In this dissertation, the economic value added ( eva ) measure and the integrated multi - index evaluation method are adopted to evaluate firm performance ; the index method data envelopment analysis method and stochastic frontier production function method are used to analyze the firm productivity and efficiency ; the relation of performance and efficiency is discussed, the following viewpoint is stressed : only good performance supported by high efficiency could have solid foundation and be sustained ; the empirical study on public firms of electronic industry is conducted ; at last, the stock price of public firms in electronic industry and the bubble of chinese stock market are analyzed which are based on the fundamental aspect
績效和效率並不總是同方向變化。本文採用經濟增加值（ eva ）方法和多指標綜合評估方法評估企業績效；使用指數方法、數據包絡分析（ dea ）方法和隨機前沿（ sf ）生產函數方法分析企業生產率和效率；論述了績效和效率的關系，認為好的績效只有用高效率支撐才具有穩固的基礎和可持續性；以電子行業上市公司為例做了實證研究；最後進行了基於上市公司基本面的電子行業股價和中國證券市場泡沫分析。The matching mechanism of gross, structure, abilities and mobility, which form the matching structure of the system, between the hr development and economy is analyzed. the article develops four indexes including the hr contribution rate in the economy growth, industrial structure dislocation index, hr ability and hr mobility to value the fitting degree, which may promotes the focalization largely of area ' s hr development. less developed region ' s economy development comes to be an important project in the new century in china
人力資源與經濟發展在總量、結構、能力、流動性四個方面的耦合共同構成系統的耦合結構，本文對這些耦合的機制進行了分析，指出每一種耦合狀態的決定因素，並嘗試性地開發人力資源與經濟發展系統耦合水平的評價方法，分別用人力資源在經濟增長中的貢獻率、產業結構錯位指數、區域人力資源能力評價模型及流動性指標來評價特定區域人力資源與經濟發展系統的總量、結構、能力與流動性耦合。分享友人